Pathophysiology Past Paper PDF

lOMoARcPSD|43964769 Pat2 - patio Essentials of Pathophysiology (Rasmussen University) Scan to open on Studocu Studocu is not sponsored or endorsed by any college or university Downloade...

lOMoARcPSD|43964769 Pat2 - patio Essentials of Pathophysiology (Rasmussen University) Scan to open on Studocu Studocu is not sponsored or endorsed by any college or university Downloaded by Bruce Lee ([email protected])  lOMoARcPSD|43964769 path 2 1.The client can expect which of the following concerns when Infected with the herpes virus (HSV 1 or HSV 2)? o No pain during an outbreak o A recurrence of symptoms periodically o Immunity after the first exposure o A vaginal birth during an outbreak 2.Which of the following may result In a mechanical bowel obstruction? o Opioid analgesic administration o A diet low In fiber o Intussusception o Clostridium difÏcile Infection 3.Which of the following 'polys' occurs with Type I diabetes? o Polyuria, polymorphia, polypharmacy o Polyphagia, poiydactyly, polyuria o Polydipsia, poiydactyly, polyphagia o Polyuria, polydipsia, polyphagia 4.Which symptoms would a client with chronic gastritis likely exhibit? o Atrophy of the gastric mucosa with decreased secretions Downloaded by Bruce Lee ([email protected])  lOMoARcPSD|43964769 path 2 o Hyperchlorhydria and ulcers o Frequent diarrhea o Enhanced energy 5.What is the order of the flow of filtrate through the kidneys? o From the collecting duct to the distal convoluted tubule to the renal pelvis o From the Bowman's capsule In the proximal convoluted tubule to the loop of Henle o From the loop of Henle to the collecting duct, to the loop of Henle o From the distal convoluted tubule to the loop of Henle to the collecting duct 6.An example of a genetic defect in young children with cystitis is: o Polycystic kidney o Horseshoe kidney o Hypoplasia of the kidney o Vesicoureteral reflux 7.What causes diabetes insipidus? o InsufÏcient insulin o InsufÏcient antidiuretic hormone (ADH) o Overproduction of antidiuretic hormone (ADH) o Overproduction of insulin Downloaded by Bruce Lee ([email protected])  lOMoARcPSD|43964769 path 2 8.What is most likely to cause a hiatal hernia? o An abnormally long esophagus o Increased Intra-abdominal pressure o Stenosis of the hiatus in the diaphragm o A small fundus in the stomach 9.What type of Incontinence is caused by an increase with Intraabdominal pressure due to activities such as cough? o neurogenic bladder o stress o urge o overflow 10. Which of the following conditionals of the newborn eyes are caused by the transmission of Chlamydia during birth? o ophthalmia neonatorum o neonatal conjunctivitis o neonatal jaundice o erythema neonatorum 11. Which of the following organism Is most commonly associated with pelvic inflammatory disease? Downloaded by Bruce Lee ([email protected])  lOMoARcPSD|43964769 path 2 o Neisseria gonorrhoeae o Pseudomonas o Treponema pallidum o Escherichia coli 12. Pyelonephiritis is the infection of which of the following areas of the body? o Bladder o Ureter o Kidney o Urethra 13. Which of the following injury is associated with prerenal kidney injury? o An episode of increased blood flow to the kidneys o Fluid flushes to keep the patient hydrated o An episode of decreased blood flow to the kidneys o Medications to treat an asthma exacerbation 14. Endometriosis is abnormal growth of endometrial tissue outside of the uterus. How many days before …? o10-14 o1-3 o5-7 Downloaded by Bruce Lee ([email protected])  lOMoARcPSD|43964769 path 2 o8-12 15. Syphilis has five distinct phases. Which body system most Impacted by all stages of syphilis? o Reproductive system o Vascular system o Neurologic system o Skeletal system 16. Which of the following is the classic manifestation of glomerulonephropathies? o Increased urine output o Proteinuria o Hypotension o DifÏculty breathing 17. The client diagnosed with cystitis, asks the health care provider why she seems to be susceptible to recurrent infections. Which of the following … o Prevalence in men is increased due to sexual practices o Less frequent in women due to a shorter urethra o There are no symptoms in the went o Most cases are due to Escherichia coll (E. coll) Downloaded by Bruce Lee ([email protected])  lOMoARcPSD|43964769 path 2 18. A client presents to the emergency department with lower right abdomen pain, fever, nausea, and occasionally … would you you anticipate the client might be experiencing? o Pseudomembranous colitis o Peptic ulcer disease o Appendicitis o Esophageal cancer 19. What are the three phases of acute kidney Injury? o Prodromal; oliguric; postollguric o Hypotension; normotension; hypertension o Diuresis; volume overload; oliguria o Hypertension, prodromal; oliguria 20. Which electrolyte can cause fatal cardiac dysrhythmias for clients with chronic kidney disease? o Phosphorus o Sodium o Potassium o Calcium 21. Which of the following would be expected with a client who has elevated thyroid- stimulating hormone (TSH) level with a diminishing …? Downloaded by Bruce Lee ([email protected])  lOMoARcPSD|43964769 path 2 o Normal thyroid functioning o Hyperthyroidism o Increased serum calcium o Hypothyroidism 22. Which of the following would initially lead to Intrarenal kidney injury? o Contrast dye/medla o Hypotension o Hypovolemia o Extensive skin burns 23. Which of the following would be expected with a client who has elevated thyroid- stimulating have …? o Normal thyroid functioning o Hyperthyroidism o Increased serum calcium o Hypothyroidism 24. What is the difference between diabetes mellitus type I and type II? o Type I Is over production of insulin: Type II is lack of Insulin Downloaded by Bruce Lee ([email protected])  lOMoARcPSD|43964769 path 2 o Type I is insulin resistance: Type II Is due to lack of a pancreas o Type I is the lack of Insulin: Type II Is Insulin resistance o Type I is insulin resistance: Type 11 is no pituitary influence 25. The client has gallstones obstructing the cystic duct. What symptom would the nurse expect to see? o Intrahepatic jaundice o Acute pancreatitis o Severe upper right quadrant pain o Right lower quadrant pain 26. Which of the following causes obstructions in the renal system? o Calculi, using a urinal o PH Presence of a tumor, enlarged prostate o Lack of dietary calcium, using a treadmill o Regular ambulation at home, wearing eyeglasses 27. What causes a rigid abdomen in peritonitis? o Increased fluid and gas cause abdominal distention o Inflammation and abdominal muscle spasm o Abdomen Is always soft in peritonitis o Fluid ls pushing against the abdominal wall Downloaded by Bruce Lee ([email protected])  lOMoARcPSD|43964769 path 2 28. Hyperemesis gravidarum cause excessive nausea and vomiting during pregnancy. What can the mother expect to have in hyperemesis gravidarum? o Electrolyte imbalances and dehydration o Dehydration and cold extremities o Electrolyte imbalances and polyuria o Dehydration and diabetes 29. What is the main cause of first-time pancreatitis occurrences? o Gallstones o Alcoholism o Trauma o Hypercalcemia 30. Which of the following are inflammatory bowel disorders? o Intussusception and ulcerative colitis o Intussusception and volvulus o Crohn's disease and volvulus o Ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease 31. PostrenaI kidney injury is one of the easier conditions to treat. Which of the following is the cause a…? Downloaded by Bruce Lee ([email protected])  lOMoARcPSD|43964769 path 2 o Oliguria; increase urine production o To improve renal blood flow; administer contrast dye o An obstruction; remove the obstruction o NSAIDs; stop using NSAIDs 32. What is Cushing syndrome main characteristics? o Hypercortisolism o Hypocortisollsm o Hyperpigmentation o Exophthalmos 33. What is one of the causes of pyelonephritis? o ascending urinary tract infection o trauma to the kidney from a car accident o congestive heart failure o genetics 34. What are the two main conditions responsible for chronic kidney disease? o Upper respiratory Infections; asthma o Diabetes: breast cancer o Hypertension; diabetes Downloaded by Bruce Lee ([email protected])  lOMoARcPSD|43964769 path 2 o Myasthenia gravis; thrombocytopenia 35. What of the following may occur with exposure to antibiotics? o Appendecitis o Pseudomembranous colitis o Crohn’s disease o Diverticular disease 36. Which of the following describe hematuria? o protein in the urine o blood in the urine o bacteria in the urine o urea in the blood 37. Gastroesophageal reflux disorder (GERD) Is due to multiple factors. Which of the following is a serious potential …? o Cough o Esophageal cancer o Heartburn o Diarrhea 38. What does dialysis do for the client with kidney disease? Downloaded by Bruce Lee ([email protected])  lOMoARcPSD|43964769 path 2 o Filter out bacteria causing infection o Removes fluid and wastes o Adds chemicals to help the kidneys o Prepares the client for transplant 39. What does the term dysphagia mean? o The client has a protrusion of the gastric mucosa through a segment of weakened muscle. o Recurrent reflux of stomach acid into the esophagus. o Absence of a connection of the esophagus to the stomach. o DifÏculty swallowing. 40. What are the clinical manifestations of hypothyroidism? (select all that apply) o Cold intolerance o Diarrhea o Tachycardia o Constipation *D. Weight gain o Bradycardia 41. What condition leads to an excessive amount of growth hormone (GH) released by the pituitary gland o acromegaly Downloaded by Bruce Lee ([email protected])  lOMoARcPSD|43964769 path 2 o gigantism o Syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion (SIADH) o Dwarfism 42. Which condition Is typically caused by a genetic mutation? o Acute pyelonephritis o Cystic kidney disease o Cystitis o Benign prostatic hypertrophy 43. When a client has abnormal functioning of the parathyroid glands this can result in imbalance of? o Sodium o Water o Calcium o Potassium 44. What Is most likely the cause of polyuria in renal insufÏciency? o Increased blood pressure o Increased GFR o Decreased aldosterone secretion o Loss of tubule function Downloaded by Bruce Lee ([email protected])  lOMoARcPSD|43964769 path 2 45. Which of the following does helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) often cause? o Colon cancer o Hiatal hernia o Peptic ulcer disease o Esophageal varices Downloaded by Bruce Lee ([email protected])