Oral Communication Week 6 PDF

In Morong, we have expressions like… Pagkabait-bait. Ang ganda mo kamo! Do they literally mean like it?  We often assume that communication constantly occurs on a literal level. We assume that the speaker conveys a message that is meant to be taken literally. But communica...

In Morong, we have expressions like… Pagkabait-bait. Ang ganda mo kamo! Do they literally mean like it?  We often assume that communication constantly occurs on a literal level. We assume that the speaker conveys a message that is meant to be taken literally. But communication is often conducted in nonliteral manner.  Week 6 Speech Act  Speech Act an utterance that a speaker makes to achieve an intended effect Functions: ➔ apology ➔ gratitude ➔ request ➔ complaint ➔ invitation ➔ compliments ➔ refusal ➔ greeting  Speech Act Locution Illocution Perlocution resulting action of the intention of literal meaning interpreted the speaker intention by the listener Example 1 Locution Illocution Perlocution Speaker is requesting That someone “Please do the someone to then washes dishes.” wash the the dishes. dishes. literal meaning intention action Example 2 Locution Illocution Perlocution Speaker is “Can you pass requesting passing of the the rice?” someone to rice pass the rice. literal meaning: Intention is asking if you implied action have the ability (indirect) to pass the rice Example 3 Rolf : It’s getting dark in here. Luna : I’ll turn the lights on. Rolf : Great! Locution Actual words uttered by Rolf (literal meaning) Illocution Rolf’s illocution is to indirectly command Luna (intention) to turn on the lights. Perlocution Luna understood that Rolf wanted the lights (action) on. The perlocution matched the illocution. Example 4 Grace and Victor are having dinner in a restaurant. They ordered grilled chicken and buttered veggies. Grace found the veggies unpleasant and sarcastically said, “These veggies are great!” Victor then transferred his veggies to Grace’s plate. This displeases Grace further. Locution Actual positive words uttered by Grace (literal meaning) Illocution Grace’s intention was to show disgust, which is (intention) opposite of her comment. Perlocution Victor’s perlocution did not match Grace’s (action) illocution because he missed its sarcastic nature. Example 5 Paolo is getting dressed for Sunday mass while his mom waits. He comes out of his room wearing a decent-looking shirt along with denim shorts. The mother comments, “Shorts are great for a hip- hop concert.” In response, Paolo returns to his room to look for a pair of pants. Locution Mother’s actual remark is about hip-hop (literal meaning) fashion Illocution Mother wants Paolo to change clothes. (intention) Perlocution Paolo understood his mom’s intention and changed (action) clothes. Perlocution matched the illocution. “Maganda ba suot ko? “Okay lang.” What could be the locution, illocution, and perlocution of “Okay lang”? Classification of Illocutionary Acts assertive commissive directive expressive declaration  Classification of Illocutionary Acts assertive expresses belief about something includes concluding, stating, describing, asserting, suggesting, pointing out, and insisting Example: “Female senators are better than male senators.” (asserting)  Classification of Illocutionary Acts directive causes the individual being addressed to do a particular action includes commanding, daring, challenging, requesting, and asking someone to do something Example: “Solve this equation.” (commanding)  Classification of Illocutionary Acts commissive commits the speaker to doing a particular action in the future includes promising, vowing, planning, and offering Example: “I will finish this project tonight.” (vow)  Classification of Illocutionary Acts expressive expresses a speaker’s emotions and attitudes toward a particular situation. includes apologizing, welcoming, thanking, and congratulating Example: “All the best on your upcoming movie.” (congratulating)  Classification of Illocutionary Acts declaration brings about a change in the situation upon being uttered includes appointing, baptizing, declaring, firing, and nominating Example: “Classes are suspended tomorrow.” (declaring)