OPERATING SYSTEM.pdf

OPERATING SYSTEM mode, Windows loads with all the application programs of the To resize a tile An operating system is an interface files and drivers required for proper computer. Right-click the tile. A set of option...

OPERATING SYSTEM mode, Windows loads with all the application programs of the To resize a tile An operating system is an interface files and drivers required for proper computer. Right-click the tile. A set of options between the hardware and the functioning of the computer. Quick Launch Bar: This has icons is displayed. Bring the mouse to user. It is responsible for the Safe mode: In this mode, Windows that can be clicked to open Resize and select the desirable management and coordination of loads with a limited set of files and programs directly. This provides a option. Small, Medium, Wide, or activities, and the sharing of the drivers. If the computer starts in shortcut to the programs without Large resources of a computer. A safe mode, it means there is a going through the Start menu. The To add an app to tile computer cannot function without problem with the computer. It gives icons on the Quick Launch bar also Right-click the app and select Pin to an operating system. us a chance to correct the problem tell us which programs are open on Start. The application will be added There are two types of operating DESKTOP AND ITS COMPONENTS the computer. The open programs as a tile in the Start screen. systems: The main screen that appears after have a blue line under them. We To remove a tile Command Line Interface (CLI) and booting is called the desktop. The can easily switch between them. Right-click the tile and select Unpin Graphical User Interface (GUI) components of a desktop are System Tray: This is the notification from Start. The file will be removed Command Line Interface (CLI) The discussed ahead. area on the right of the taskbar, from the Start screen. user types text- based commands The power supply is usually kept ON which gives easy access to system BASIC OPERATIONS ON THE using the keyboard to instruct the to keep the UPS charged. So, we can functions such as a clock, date/time, DESKTOP computer, for example, DOS (Disk simply switch on the CPU and the and sound volume Opening Files, Folders, or Programs Operating System). monitor, to login to a computer Changing the Position of the To open any file, folder, or program Graphical User Interface (GUI) The system. Taskbar through its desktop icon, we just user just clicks graphical images Icons We can change or move the double-click the icon using a pointing device such as a The desktop has small pictures on it position of the taskbar to any of the Selecting and Deselecting an Icon mouse, to instruct the computer. called icons, for example. This PC four sides on the screen by the Selecting and deselecting an icon on Graphical User Interface (GUI) and Recycle Bin following steps. the desktop is very simple. To select A Graphical User Interface (GUI) Desktop icons may represent a file, 1. Move the mouse pointer to an a single icon, we just click it. It gets uses pictures to represent the input a folder, or a program. These can be empty space on the taskbar. highlighted and output of a program. The opened by double-clicking on the 2. Click and hold the mouse button To deselect the icon, we click program displays icons, buttons, desired icon. 3. Drag the mouse pointer to the anywhere on the desktop. away dialog boxes, etc., on the screen. Files and Folders right of the computer screen from the icon It will be displayed in The user gives commands simply by Any piece of information stored in 4. Release the mouse button. The its original form selecting and clicking on icons the computer is in the form of a file. taskbar would have moved to the Selecting Adjacent Icons displayed on the screen. A file in Windows can be compared right of the computer screen To select adjacent icons we press Windows 10 is an example of a GUI to your test papers, certificates, and Fact Bytes the Shift key and then click the first operating system other things If we are not able to move the and the last icons that we wish to SWITCHING ON THE COMPUTER In Windows, a file can be a taskbar to another location, it select (LOGIN) document, a presentation, an means Lock the taskbar option is OR It is important to switch ON or start image, a video, and so on created selected. Right-click on the empty We can click an empty area of the the computer properly. To start a using the respective software. Each area on the Taskbar and deselect desktop near the icons and drag the computer in the proper way. we file is represented by a different the Lock the taskbar option. mouse over the icons we wish to follow these steps. icon and given a unique name that Start Menu and Start Screen select. Then release the mouse 1. Switch ON the power supply is useful to identify it. This is known Clicking the Start button will display button. The desired icons will get 2. Switch ON the UPS of the as its file name the Start menu and the Start screen, highlighted and behave as a group computer A folder is used to store and from which we can access both, the Selecting Non-Adjacent Icons 3. Switch ON the power button on organize a group of files. The icon apps and the settings. To select non-adjacent icons, we the CPU box for a folder is which looks like a The Start screen content is press the Ctrl key and then, click the 4. Switch ON the monitor folder used for keeping papers. displayed in the form of tiles. Each desired icons. To deselect the icons, Booting Taskbar tile is a shortcut of an app. we just click any empty space on the When we switch on a computer, the The taskbar is a long, horizontal bar Some tiles provide access to desktop. computer takes some time before at the bottom of the desktop frequently updated information Arranging Desktop Icons we can see a screen on the monitor. screen. Broadly the taskbar can be such as news, weather calendar We can arrange the icons on the This is because the computer first divided into three main sections events, and stock market data. desktop in any order or position needs to load the operating system Start Button, Quick Launch Bar and These are called live tiles. The that we wish to We can also have to start working. This process is System Tray content displayed on a live tile can Windows automatically arrange the called booting After the system Start button: It is a small button come from online sources. icons. To arrange icons finishes booting it becomes ready present on the extreme left of the To move a tile automatically on the desktop, we for us to work on taskbar Click and hold the tile you want to follow these steps Normal Mode and Safe Mode It is used to display the Start menu, move, and drag it to its new 1. Right-click an empty area of the Normal mode: A computer usually from where we can access all the location. desktop. starts in the normal mode. In this 2. In the menu that opens, click The images can be displayed in the Shut down: It closes all open View. order they appear in the folder, or programs, along with the Windows To Sum Up 3. Click the Auto arrange icons in a random order. operating system and then, It is important to start and shut option. When we select a background completely turns off the computer. down a computer in the proper 4. Windows will arrange the icons option, a preview of the option This mode will not save our work. way. on the desktop in the upper- left appears at the top of the So. We should remember to save An operating system helps a user to comer and lock them in place. Background pane When displaying our work before shutting down the give an input to the computer and Moving Icons an image or a slideshow as the computer. get the output from it. 1. Right-click an empty area on the desktop background, we con specify Restart: If closes all open programs A computer usually boots in the desktop. the position of the image as Fill Fit. and completely turns off the normal mode; if it starts in the safe 2. In the menu that appears, click Stretch, Tile, Center, or Span, computer, and then, starts the mode, then, it is a signal that there View 4. The picture we have selected will computer again. is some problem with the computer. 3. Make sure that Auto arrange be set as the background of the Computer Manners Desktop icons represent different icons check box is not selected desktop. After you have finished working on files, folders, or programs. These 4. We can now move any icon by Fact Bytes the computer, save your files. Then, can be opened by double-clicking dragging it to a new place on the To choose any picture from your shut down the computer and switch the particular icon. desktop computer as the desktop off the monitor before leaving the All information stored in the Good to Know background, click the Browse room. This will help you make a computer is in the form of files You can 'hide' all the icons on your button. Select the folder that useful contribution to saving which can be of different types such desktop without actually removing contains the chosen pictures, and electricity as document file, audio file, video them. For this, right-click on the then, select the picture. file, etc. desktop. In the menu that opens, Shortcut Tech Terms The taskbar contains the Start click View. Then, click Show desktop To open the Personalization Operating system: A group of button, the Quick Launch bar, and icons to clear the check mark from Settings, Click Start Settings computer programs that allow us to the System tray. that option. Now no icons are seen Changing the Screen Saver operate the computer When we click the Start button, the on the desktop. You can get the We follow these steps to change the Graphical User Interface (GUI): The Start screen is displayed in the form icons back by clicking Show desktop screen saver operating system that allows the of tiles. icons again. 1. In the Personalization Settings, user to interact with the computer We can do the following on the WALLPAPER AND SCREEN SAVER select Lock screen. by simply clicking on icons desktop of the computer-select/ The image that forms the 2. Click Screen saver settings Booting: The automatic loading of deselect one or more icons, arrange background of the desktop is called 3. The Screen Saver Settings dialog the Windows operating system into icons, change the position of the the wallpaper (The image that box appears the computer memory when the taskbar, and change the wallpaper comes up on the screen after the 4. Select the screen saver from the computer is switched ON and the screen saver computer is idle for a specified time Screen saver drop-down list. Desktop: The screen that appears The various power modes of the is called screen saver 5. In the Wait box, specify the time. after booting of the Windows computer are Sleep, Shut down, and Changing the Wallpaper 6. Click Ok, and then, click Apply. operating system Restart To change the wallpaper, we follow Note: If we click On resume, display Icons : The small pictures seen on these steps logon screen check box, then Lock the desktop 1. Right-click on the desktop. In the screen will appear after the screen File: Used to store any piece of menu that opens, select the saver information on the computer Personalize option (Fig. 2.13) The SWITCHING OFF THE COMPUTER Folder: A location for organizing and Personalization Settings appears (SHUT DOWN) storing files 2. Select Background, if not already 1. To shut down the computer, click Taskbar: The long, horizontal bar selected Start button seen at the bottom of the screen 3. Click the drop-down arrow of 2. In the start menu, click Power Live tile: Tiles that provide updated Background text box and select any button and then, Shut down option. information from online sources one of the following POWER MODES OF THE COMPUTER Wallpaper: The background image Picture: We can choose one of the The various power modes of the on the desktop photos that come with Files, or click computer are. Sleep. Shut down, Screen saver: The image that the Browse button and choose any and Restart appears when the computer is left image on the computer Sleep: In this mode, Windows saves idle for a specified time Solid color: We can choose plain- all our work in memory and puts the colored background from a palette computer to sleep-meaning into a of 24 colors special low-power mode. Upon Slideshow: We can display the resuming work, we exit the Sleep contents of a folder of our choice, mode, and return to the same with the background image screen where we let off changing as per the given set time.