OC-Module-1stQuarter-Week3 PDF

Philippine Christian University Sampaloc 1, Dasmariñas City, Cavite 4114 SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL S.Y. 2024-2025 MODULE...

Philippine Christian University Sampaloc 1, Dasmariñas City, Cavite 4114 SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL S.Y. 2024-2025 MODULE IN ORAL COMMUNICATION (GRADE 11) QUARTER 1 - WEEK 3 (AUGUST 19-23, 2024) LESSON 3: COMMUNICATIVE COMPETENCE, BARRIERS OF COMMUNICATION AND STRATEGIES TO AVOID COMMUNICATION BREAKDOWN Overview The ability to communicate effectively is a great skill, although some cannot communicate their ideas well, because not all people are alike. These differences may cause problems in sending/receiving messages. Barriers to communication can cause roadblocks in a person’s professional or personal life. Effective communication may be disturbed by different barriers or obstacles that make it difficult to reach an understanding between a speaker and a listener. There are many things to avoid communication gaps and be able to make an effective transfer of messages. This lesson will discuss the communication barriers and the strategies on how to avoid communication breakdown. Disclaimer: This module is adapted and modified from the source materials listed in the references list. This is an exclusive property of Philippine Christian University-Dasmariñas SHS and is provided only to enrolled students for their academic use. This module is provided for free by the school through softcopy and/or printed media. Reproduction of this module without official permission is prohibited. 1  Course Learning Outcome: By the end of the course, the students will be able to effectively articulate ideas and information in a clearer and more coherent manner across various speech situations that would require them to do so. Lesson Objectives At the end of this lesson, you are expected to: 1. Identify the barriers of communication and strategies to avoid communication breakdown; 2. Promote the importance of strategies to avoid communication breakdown; and 3. Use the strategies to avoid communication breakdown in real-life scenarios. Essential Question What are some habits that you think can cause misunderstanding and miscommunication in our relationship with other people? Test Yourself DIRECTIONS: Write your observations and interpretations about the pictures below. The observation must be written in a sentence form. Five points each. First Picture Observation/s Second Picture Observation/s Disclaimer: This module is adapted and modified from the source materials listed in the references list. This is an exclusive property of Philippine Christian University-Dasmariñas SHS and is provided only to enrolled students for their academic use. This module is provided for free by the school through softcopy and/or printed media. Reproduction of this module without official permission is prohibited. 2  Observation Rubric Content - 2 points Organization - 2 points Grammar - 1 point TOTAL - 5 points Study These Terms Communicative Competence - refers to the knowledge of the language and the ability to use it effectively. Communication Barrier – an obstacle that one may face when attempting to communicate with another person. These barriers can be anything that can misinterpret and avert someone during the communication process. Attitudinal Barriers - barriers come from personality conflicts, poor management, or a lack of motivation to communicate effectively. Disclaimer: This module is adapted and modified from the source materials listed in the references list. This is an exclusive property of Philippine Christian University-Dasmariñas SHS and is provided only to enrolled students for their academic use. This module is provided for free by the school through softcopy and/or printed media. Reproduction of this module without official permission is prohibited. 3  Language barriers - the inability of passing information between two or more people due to linguistic differences. Physical Barriers - physical obstacles that can interrupt effective communication. This can be things like noise, distance or even technology that isn’t up to speed. Psychological barriers - barriers that emanate from the emotions of the sender or recipient. Lesson Proper Communicative Competence The term communicative competence refers to both the tacit knowledge of a language and the ability to use it effectively. It is understanding and using language effectively in authentic social and school environments. There are different ways on how we can gain competency, one of these is through education and observation of those around you and how they communicate. Then, you can take it when you’ve learned and observed and apply it to social interactions. Disclaimer: This module is adapted and modified from the source materials listed in the references list. This is an exclusive property of Philippine Christian University-Dasmariñas SHS and is provided only to enrolled students for their academic use. This module is provided for free by the school through softcopy and/or printed media. Reproduction of this module without official permission is prohibited. 4  Canale and Swain's Model of Communicative Competence In "Theoretical Bases of Communicative Approaches to Second Language Teaching and Testing" (Applied Linguistics, 1980), Michael Canale and Merrill Swain identified these four components of communicative competence: 1. Grammatical competence includes knowledge of phonology, orthography, vocabulary, word formation and sentence formation. 2. Sociolinguistic competence includes knowledge of sociocultural rules of use. It is concerned with the learners' ability to handle for example settings, topics and communicative functions in different sociolinguistic contexts. 3. Discourse competence is related to the learners' mastery of understanding and producing texts in the modes of listening, speaking, reading and writing. It deals with cohesion and coherence in different types of texts. 4. Strategic competence refers to compensatory strategies in case of grammatical or sociolinguistic or discourse difficulties, such as the use of reference sources, grammatical and lexical paraphrase, requests for repetition, clarification, slower speech, or problems in addressing strangers when unsure of their social status or in finding the right cohesion devices. Barriers of Communication Communication Barriers are the gaps in communication. It could actually result in communication breakdown. There are many common communication barriers we are familiar with like the use of jargons, emotional barriers and taboos, lack of attention and/or interest, distractions, or irrelevance to the receiver, differences in perception and viewpoint, physical disabilities like hearing or speech defects, physical barriers to non-verbal communication, language differences, cultural differences, etc. 1. Language Barriers – Language and linguistic ability may act as barriers to communication. However, even when communicating in the same language, the terminology used in a message may act as a barrier if it is not fully understood by the receiver. For example, a nurse or doctor referring to common colds as upper respiratory tract infection may not be understood well by a patient. 2. Psychological Barriers – The psychological state of communication will influence how the message is sent, received, and perceived. For example, if someone is stressed, he/she might be very impatient which could affect how he sends and receives messages and it could result to misunderstanding. Anger is another example of psychological barriers to communication, when we are angry it is easy to say things that we may regret and also to misinterpret what others are saying. Disclaimer: This module is adapted and modified from the source materials listed in the references list. This is an exclusive property of Philippine Christian University-Dasmariñas SHS and is provided only to enrolled students for their academic use. This module is provided for free by the school through softcopy and/or printed media. Reproduction of this module without official permission is prohibited. 5  3. Physiological Barriers – Physiological barriers may result from the receiver’s physical state. For example, a receiver with reduced hearing may not grasp a spoken conversation especially if there is significant background noise. Your grandmother and grandfather may not hear as clearly as your mother or father, thus they tend to misunderstand your messages and respond differently. 4. Physical Barriers – An example of a physical barrier to communication is the geographic distance between the sender and receiver. This can also involve both verbal and non-verbal communication as you don’t hear exactly what the other person is saying and cannot see his/her gestures which may affect what he/she is trying to say. Even when there is technology, Skype and Facebook cannot help much in conveying the intended meaning. 5. Systematic/Systemic Barriers – Systematic barriers to communication may exist in structures and organizations where there are inefficient or inappropriate information systems and communication channels, or where there is a lack of understanding of the roles and responsibilities for communication. In such organizations, individuals may be unclear of their role in the communication process and therefore not know what is expected of them. 6. Attitudinal Barriers – Attitudinal barriers to communication may result from personality conflicts, poor management, resistance to change, or lack of motivation. Effective receivers of messages should attempt to overcome their own attitudinal barriers to facilitate effective communication Strategies to Avoid Communication Breakdown 1. Apply positive self-talk and perception. Positivity is the best encouragement. It welcomes good vibes and a pleasant outlook in all communication. 2. Use appropriate language. Tailor the words you will use based on your audience or listener. Keep it simple and understandable. 3. Be open. Suspend your own judgment, ideas, and beliefs. Give the speaker time to develop and express his or her ideas or points before you conclude if the message has any value or none at all. 4. Give and accept feedback. Feedback keeps the communication going. Respond to what has been heard. Keep an open mind and avoid overreacting emotionally to a message or feedback. 7 C’s of Effective Communication Disclaimer: This module is adapted and modified from the source materials listed in the references list. This is an exclusive property of Philippine Christian University-Dasmariñas SHS and is provided only to enrolled students for their academic use. This module is provided for free by the school through softcopy and/or printed media. Reproduction of this module without official permission is prohibited. 6  The "7 Cs of communication" is an effective tool in communication. These tips really can serve as a helpful checklist for speakers as they plan and execute their message. For communication to be effective, it should also be: 1. Clear Clarity implies emphasizing a specific message or goal at a time. It makes understanding easier. A speaker must deliver clear messages which make use of exact, appropriate, and concrete words. 2. Complete Communication must be complete. A speaker should convey all the information required by the audience. A complete communication leaves no questions in the minds of receivers. 3. Concise A speaker must be concise in delivering the message. Conciseness means communicating in the least possible words without ignoring the other C’s. It provides a short and essential message in limited words to the audience. It makes the message more appealing and comprehensible to the audience. 4. Concrete A concrete message is supported with specific facts and figures. In this way, the message as well as the speaker will not be misinterpreted. 5. Considerate Here, a speaker must “step into the shoes of others”. The speaker must take the audience into consideration in terms of audience viewpoints, background, education level, etc. It’s important to ensure that the self- respect of the audience is maintained and their emotions are not harmed. 6. Correct A speaker must make use of appropriate and correct language in the message. Correctness implies that there are no grammatical errors in communication. It checks the accuracy of facts and figures used in the message. 7. Courteous Being courteous requires the speaker to use terms that show respect for the audience. Courtesy implies that the message should show the speaker’s expression as well as respect the receiver. A speaker must be polite, reflective, and enthusiastic. Disclaimer: This module is adapted and modified from the source materials listed in the references list. This is an exclusive property of Philippine Christian University-Dasmariñas SHS and is provided only to enrolled students for their academic use. This module is provided for free by the school through softcopy and/or printed media. Reproduction of this module without official permission is prohibited. 7  Summary Communicative competence is the implicit knowledge of language and the ability to use it effectively. This is the ability to understand and use the language at the same time to effectively communicate with people around us. Sometimes, when we are communicating we have a hard time relying on our true message because of hindrances or nuisances that are called barriers. This is the gap in communication that could lead to misunderstanding, miscommunication or communication breakdown. Some of these barriers are language barriers, psychological, physiological, physical, systemic and attitudinal barriers. When we experience one of these barriers, we must remember the strategies we could use to avoid communication breakdown. We must be positive, use appropriate language, be open and suspend our judgment and lastly, give and accept feedback. While repairing or removing the barriers, we could also use the 7 C’s of communication. The 7C’s is an effective tool in communication and this includes clarity, completeness, conciseness, concreteness, consideration, correctness and courtesy. If we follow the strategies to avoid communication breakdown and use the 7C’s, we could effectively communicate our thoughts and ideas for a better connection and understanding. Activity # 4 (Performance Task 1) Name: _______________________________ Strand and Section: _______________ Date/ Week No. _______________________ Score: ________/20_______________ DIRECTIONS: The students will be grouped into six (6). Each group will be assigned a communication barrier and must present it in a roleplay using strategies to avoid communication breakdown. Create a script containing the dialogue for the roleplay. Language Barrier - Your longtime dream is to travel to your dream country. However, you did not read about the things that you should not do and encountered a local that explained to you that what you did is wrong. How would you deal with this situation? Psychological Barrier - You came to class overwhelmed with a family problem. As you went in, your classmate (from the province) started to tease you jokingly. Since you’re an outgoing person, they expected you to go along with it. However, you feel irritated and lash out to them causing the class to go silent. What resolution would you do? Physiological Barrier - As part of your on-the-job training internationally, you went to a home for the aged facility. As you are talking with them for the first time to serve them food, some patients do not seem to pay attention to you until you shout with annoyance. Your superior noticed your attitude and spoke with you that some of the aged people there do not hear very well. How would you deal with them now learning the reason? Physical Barrier – You are studying overseas. You are in a group call with your family and since you are doing something, you turn off your camera. As they were talking about something, they asked you for your opinion and answered. However, they interpreted that you answered sarcastically. How would you respond in this situation? Systematic/Systemic Barrier - The class representative of your section suddenly skipped class without informing anyone. Your subject teacher announced an activity through chat, due the next day and since the Disclaimer: This module is adapted and modified from the source materials listed in the references list. This is an exclusive property of Philippine Christian University-Dasmariñas SHS and is provided only to enrolled students for their academic use. This module is provided for free by the school through softcopy and/or printed media. Reproduction of this module without official permission is prohibited. 8  representative was out of reach, your class was not able to get the message and got deductions for passing it late. The next week, the representative went to class again. How would you deal with this situation with the representative? Attitudinal Barrier - You are a Japanese and you are very strict when it comes to your time and always practice going to your class early. This applies to other meetings or tasks you do. You were grouped in an activity with your friends to do a video skit and agreed to meet at 8AM. You arrived earlier followed by three more of your group members. However, the main characters for the skit were not yet there until 10AM. You became irritated and messaged your groupmate about respect for everyone’s time. They later arrived at 11AM. How would you talk to them about it? Analytic Rubric (Total Score: 20) Needs Criteria Excellent (5) Good (4) Fair (3) Improvement (2) Knowledge/Content Exhibits a good Exhibits a basic Exhibits limited (understanding of Exhibits a thorough character understanding of understanding of the understanding of and accurate development and the subject subject matter the subject matter understanding of context through matter with with several with significant the subject matter minor errors dialogue) errors errors Skills/Application (Skillfully applies Applies learning Applies learning Applies learning Struggles to dialogue techniques concepts skillfully concepts well but concepts in a basic learning apply (e.g., subtext, and effectively in may have manner, with several concepts correctly pacing, tone)) various contexts occasional errors errors Presents Presents information Presents information Presents information information clearly, in a somewhat clear clearly, unclearly, with Presentation coherently, and manner but with with minor issues in significant issues in engagingly, using noticeable issues in coherence coherence, effective coherence, , engagement and engagement and communication engagement and communication communication techniques communication Disclaimer: This module is adapted and modified from the source materials listed in the references list. This is an exclusive property of Philippine Christian University-Dasmariñas SHS and is provided only to enrolled students for their academic use. This module is provided for free by the school through softcopy and/or printed media. Reproduction of this module without official permission is prohibited. 9  Demonstrates a Demonstrates some high degree of originality of work Lacks originality, originality of work Demonstrates limited and shows some with a standard and Creativity and shows originality, innovative thinking uses unoriginal innovative with a conventional in terms of approach and thinking in terms approach and solution approach and solution of approach and solution solution Learning Resources Bank7.com. (2024). Bank7 Business Banking. Retrieved from https://www.bank7.com/business/ Canva.com. (n.d.) Strategies to Avoid Communication Breakdown. Retrieved from https://www.canva.com/design/DAGLZqEfoy8/N7hCOxfKNRELrsNliVJ3CA/edit Career Guide. (2023). What is communication competence (Plus, Benefits and Tips). Retrieved from https://www.indeed.com/career-advice/career-development/communication-competence Career Guide. (2024). What are communication barriers? (And ways to overcome them). Retrieved from https://ca.indeed.com/career-advice/career-development/communication-barriers Dapat, J. S., Sadorra, B. L., Lumabi, B. M. (2016). Oral Communication in Focus for Senior High School (Core Subject). Lorimar Publishing Inc. Encorelanguagelearning. (2024). What is Language Barrier and How to Overcome It. https://gurmentor.com/what-is-language-barrier-and-how-to-overcome-it/ EndtheCycle.com. (2014). Attitudes and Barriers. Retrieved from https://www.endthecycle.info/attitudes-and- barriers/?lang=es HQLsolutions. (2024). Your Most Reliable Growth Partner. Retrieved from https://www.hqlsolutions.com/about-company/ Limited, S. (2023, December 13). 12 examples of communication barriers and how to overcome them. SEEK. Retrieved from https://www.seek.com.au/career-advice/article/12-examples-of-communication- barriers-and-how-to-overcome-them Nordquist, R. (2019, May 26). Communicative Competence Definition, Examples, and Glossary. ThoughtCo. Retrieved from https://www.thoughtco.com/what-is-communicative-competence-1689768 Supporting English as an Additional Language Learners. (n. d.) Communicative Competence. Retrieved from https://www.learnalberta.ca/content/eslapb/about_communicative_competence.html Disclaimer: This module is adapted and modified from the source materials listed in the references list. This is an exclusive property of Philippine Christian University-Dasmariñas SHS and is provided only to enrolled students for their academic use. This module is provided for free by the school through softcopy and/or printed media. Reproduction of this module without official permission is prohibited. 10  Ukgiinsight.com. (2024). Overcoming Communication Barriers. Retrieved from https://insight.rwabusiness.com/blog/posts/2022/june/overcoming-communication-barriers/ Voiceplace. (n.d.) Improve Team Dynamics Effective Communication. Retrieved from https://voiceplace.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/voiceplace-improve-team-dynamics-effective- communication-01.jpg Supplemental Readings and Materials This material includes a video that would further explain the strategies to avoid communication breakdown and the 7C’s of communication. You can find this video on the YouTube channel of Teaching Learning English. The material briefly discusses the different strategies to avoid communication breakdown. It also lists down the 7C’s then explains and gives examples for each. Through this material, the students could identify strategies to avoid communication breakdown and apply the strategies of effective communication to real life situations. Teaching Learning English. (2020). Strategies to Communication Breakdown ǀ 7 C’s of Effective Communication ǀ Oral Communication [Video]. Youtube. Retrieved from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=I0RkmsDu1CY&t=171s Prepared by: Checked by: Noted by: Anarna, Arlene R. Jharen G. Macayan Maria Beatriz B. Sico,MM Andamo, Mica E. Subject Lead Teacher- English 11 Principal Baccay, Jolivette E. Balabat, Martina L. Barrera, Shaien Apol Gwen A. Laureles, Charmaine A. Lizano, Jenny M. Macayan, Jharen G. Mendoza, Gladys L. Seluzon, Medelyn S. Subject Teachers Disclaimer: This module is adapted and modified from the source materials listed in the references list. This is an exclusive property of Philippine Christian University-Dasmariñas SHS and is provided only to enrolled students for their academic use. This module is provided for free by the school through softcopy and/or printed media. Reproduction of this module without official permission is prohibited. 11