New Lecture 6 Anatomy 1 2024 PDF

Muscles of the arm and forearm  Muscles of the front of the arm It consists of three muscles: Biceps Coracobrachialis Brachialis Coracobrachialis Brachialis Biceps  Biceps brachii Ori...

Muscles of the arm and forearm  Muscles of the front of the arm It consists of three muscles: Biceps Coracobrachialis Brachialis Coracobrachialis Brachialis Biceps  Biceps brachii Origin: By two heads: Short head: From the tip of Long head the coracoid process of scapula in common with coraco-brachialis muscle.. Long head: 1. Arises by a long tendon from the supra-glenoid Short head tubercle inside the fibrous capsule of shoulder joint.  Biceps brachii II.Insertion: A. Bicipital tendon: Into the rough posterior part of the radial tuberosity B. Bicipital aponeurosis: Nerve supply :musculocutaneus nerve : Action:. 1-powerful supinator. 2-Flexes the elbow (helping brachialis). 3-Tendon of long head prevents upwards gliding of the head of humerus (i.e., steadies the head of humerus) Rupture the long head produces a characteristic sign on flexion of elbow a bulge called Popeye sign. Popeye sign.  Coracobrachialis Origin: From the tip of coracoid process in common with the short head of biceps. Insertion: Into a rough impression at the middle of the medial border of the shaft of humerus. Nerve supply : musculocutanous nerve Action: Flexion and adduction of the shoulder joint. Origin: Brachialis From the lower half of the. front of the shaft of humerus,. B.From the anterior aspects of medial and lateral intermuscular septa. Insertion: into the rough anterior surface of coronoid process and ulnar tuberosity. Nerve supply medial part: musculocutanous Lateral part: radial nerve Action: The main flexor of the elbow Triceps  Triceps Spiral groove Origin of long Origin of Infra-glenoid lateral head head tubercle Lateral Lateral head head Long Long Spiral head head groove Medial head Origin of medial head Origin: By three heads: Long head from infra-glenoid tubercle. Lateral head:posterior surface of the shaft of the humerus above the spiral groove Medial head:posterior surface of the shaft of the humerus below the spiral groove  Triceps Insertion the upper surface of olecranon process. Nerve Supply: Radial Nerve. Action: It is the powerful extensor of the elbow joint.  Muscles of the front of forarm - superficial group Pronator teres 1-Pronater teres 2-Flexor carpi radialis 3-Palmaris longus 4-Flexor carpi ulnaris 5-Flexor digitorium superficialis  Pronator teres Origin: By two heads: 1. Humeral head: : Common flexor origin.(anterior Humeral head: surface of the medial epicondyle of the humerus). Lower part of medial supracondylar ridge of the humerus. 2. Ulnar head: from the medial side of coronoid process of ulna. Insertion: (pronator tuberosity) on the middle of the lateral surface of the Ulnar head shaft of radius.  Pronator teres Nerve supply median nerve Action: 1. Powerful pronator of the forearm 2. Weak flexion of the elbow.  Palmaris longus Origin: Common flexor origin.(anterior surface of the medial epicondyle of the humerus)) B. Insertion: Distal part of flexor retinaculum and.Apex of palmar aponeurosis.  Palmaris longus. Nerve supply : median nerve  Action: it makes the palmar  aponeurosis tense Flexion of the wrist -Weak flexion of the elbow  Flexor Carpi Radialis Muscle Origin: Common flexor origin. (anterior surface of the medial epicondyle of the humerus) Insertion: into the palmar surfaces of the bases of the 2nd and 3rd metacarpal bone. Nerve supply : median nerve Action: it abducts the hand Flexion of the wrist Weak flexion of the elbow  Flexor Carpi ulnaris Muscle Origin: By two heads: 1. Humeral head: from the common flexor origin. 2. Ulnar head: From olecranon process and ulnar aponeurosis. Insertion: pisiform bone, hook of hamate and base of the 5th metacarpal bone. Nerve supply :ulnar nerve Action: it adducts the hand Flexion of the wrist Weak flexion of the elbow  Flexor Digitorum Superficialis Muscle.. Origin: By two heads: 1-Humero-ulnar head: From the common flexor origin and from the medial side of the coronoid process of ulna. 2-Radial head: from the anterior oblique line of radius) Nerve supply : Median nerve Insertion: By four tendons after reaching the proximal phalanges of medial four fingers, each tendon divides into two slips (to allow passage of the corresponding underlying tendon of flexor digitorum profundus) and finally the two slips are inserted into the sides of the shaft of the middle phalanx. Action: it flexes metacarpo-phalangeal and proximal inter-phalangeal joints of the medial four fingers  Formative assessment  Regarding the deltoid muscle, mark one correct statement: a. Its middle fibers adduct the arm. b. Its posterior fibers flex and medially rotate the arm. c. Its motor nerve arises from lateral cord of brachial plexus. d. Its paralysis results in a flat shoulder.  1-Regarding Serratus anterior muscle mark the correct answer a. Its orgin is from lower 8 ribs b. Inserted into lateral border of the scapula c. Inserted into venteral surface of the medial border of the scapula d. Inserted into dorsal surface of the medial border of the scapula 3-The following is an ellipsoid joint: a-Inferior radioulnar b- Superior radioulnar c-Intercarpal joints d-Wrist joint 4-The anatomical term that means “away from the median plane” is: A-Lateral. B-Medial. C-Distal. D-Proximal.  Formative assessment Match the muscle by its action Column A Column B 1- Serratus anterior a) retraction of the shoulder 2-middle fibers of deltoid b) protraction of the shoulder 3- anterior fibers of deltoid c) abduction of the arm 4- rhomboids major d) extension and medial rotation of the arm 5- latissimus dorsi e) flexion and medial rotation of the arm  Formative assessment Match the muscle by its nerve supply Column A Column B 1-pectoralis minor a) Axially nerve 2-teres minor b)Medial pectoral nerve 3- Latissimus dorsi c)Dorsal scapular nerve 4-Rhomboids minor d) Thoracodorsal nerve 5-teres major e) Lower subscapular  Formative assessment Enumerate 1-muscles inserted into greater tuberosity of the humerus 2-Types of muscle action 3-structures of synovial joint 4-Muscles inserted into the bicipital groove 5- muscles attached to medial borders of the scapula 6-rotator cuff muscle Thank You Good Luck