Muscles of the Arm and Forearm
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary action of the biceps brachii muscle?

  • Flexion of the elbow (correct)
  • Rotation of the shoulder
  • Extension of the elbow
  • Adduction of the shoulder

    • The coracobrachialis muscle is involved in extension of the elbow.

    False

    What characteristic sign is produced when the long head of the biceps is ruptured?

    Popeye sign

    The biceps brachii inserts into the rough posterior part of the _______ tuberosity.

    <p>radial</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the muscles with their respective actions:

    <p>Biceps brachii = Powerful supinator and elbow flexor Coracobrachialis = Flexion and adduction of the shoulder Brachialis = Elbow flexor Musculocutaneous nerve = Nerve supply for the anterior arm muscles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the action of the triceps muscle?

    <p>Powerful extensor of the elbow</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The radial nerve innervates the medial part of the triceps muscle.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    From where does the long head of the triceps originate?

    <p>Infra-glenoid tubercle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The powerful pronator of the forearm is primarily known as the ______.

    <p>pronator teres</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which muscle acts as a weak flexor of the elbow?

    <p>Pronator teres</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following muscles with their actions:

    <p>Triceps = Powerful extensor of the elbow Pronator teres = Powerful pronator of the forearm Palmaris longus = Flexion of the wrist Flexor carpi radialis = Flexion and radial deviation of the wrist</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The common flexor origin is located on the anterior surface of the lateral epicondyle of the humerus.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the nerve supply of the palmaris longus?

    <p>Median nerve</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which nerve supplies the Flexor Carpi Radialis muscle?

    <p>Median nerve</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The Flexor Carpi Ulnaris muscle is innervated by the median nerve.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the action of the Flexor Digitorum Superficialis muscle?

    <p>Flexes metacarpo-phalangeal and proximal inter-phalangeal joints of the medial four fingers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The origin of the Flexor Carpi Ulnaris muscle includes the olecranon process and the __________.

    <p>ulnar aponeurosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement about the deltoid muscle is correct?

    <p>Its middle fibers adduct the arm.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The anatomical term for 'away from the median plane' is medial.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is an ellipsoid joint?

    <p>Wrist joint</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Muscles of the Arm and Forearm

    • The presentation details the muscles of the arm and forearm, including their origins, insertions, nerve supply, and actions.

    Biceps Brachii

    • Origin: Two heads:
      • Short head: From the tip of the coracoid process of the scapula, common with coracobrachialis.
      • Long head: From the supra-glenoid tubercle within the shoulder joint capsule.
    • Insertion:
      • A. Bicipital tendon: Into the rough posterior part of the radial tuberosity.
      • B. Bicipital aponeurosis.
    • Nerve supply: Musculocutaneous nerve.
    • Action:
      • Powerful supinator.
      • Flexes the elbow (assisting brachialis).
      • Long head tendon prevents upward gliding of the humerus head, stabilizing it.
    • Popeye deformity: Rupture of the long head produces a bulge in the biceps region during elbow flexion.

    Coracobrachialis

    • Origin: From the tip of the coracoid process, in common with the short head of biceps.
    • Insertion: Into a rough impression at the middle of the medial border of the humerus shaft.
    • Nerve supply: Musculocutaneous nerve.
    • Action: Flexion and adduction of the shoulder joint.

    Brachialis

    • Origin: From the lower half of the front of the humerus shaft, including the anterior aspects of the medial and lateral intermuscular septa.
    • Insertion: Into the rough anterior surface of the coronoid process and ulnar tuberosity.
    • Nerve supply:
      • Medial part: Musculocutaneous nerve.
      • Lateral part: Radial nerve.
    • Action: The main flexor of the elbow joint.

    Triceps Brachii

    • Origin: Three heads:
      • Long head: From the infra-glenoid tubercle.
      • Lateral head: From the posterior surface of the humerus above the spiral groove.
      • Medial head: From the posterior surface of the humerus below the spiral groove.
    • Insertion: Into the upper surface of the olecranon process.
    • Nerve supply: Radial nerve.
    • Action: Powerful extensor of the elbow joint.

    Muscles of the Front of the Forearm (Superficial Group)

    • Pronator teres: Two-headed muscle originating from the humerus and ulna.
      • Insertion: On the lateral surface of the radius.
      • Nerve supply: Median nerve.
      • Action: Powerful forearm pronator and weak elbow flexion.
    • Flexor carpi radialis: Originates from the common flexor origin.
      • Insertion: Into the bases of the second and third metacarpal bones on the palmar surface.
      • Nerve supply: Median nerve.
      • Action: Hand abduction, wrist flexion, and weak elbow flexion.
    • Palmaris longus: Originates from the common flexor origin.
      • Insertion: Distal part of the flexor retinaculum and the apex of the palmar aponeurosis.
      • Nerve supply: Median nerve.
      • Action: Tenses the palmar aponeurosis, wrist flexion, and weak elbow flexion.
    • Flexor carpi ulnaris: Two-headed muscle with origins from the common flexor origin and the olecranon process.
      • Insertion: Into the pisiform bone, hook of the hamate, and base of the fifth metacarpal bone.
      • Nerve supply: Ulnar nerve.
      • Action: Adducts the hand, flexes the wrist, and weakly flexes the elbow.
    • Flexor digitorum superficialis: Two-headed muscle.
      • Origin: From the common flexor origin and medial side of the coronoid process of the ulna.
      • Radial Origin: From the anterior oblique line of the radius.
      • Insertion: Into the sides of the proximal phalanges of the middle four fingers.
      • Nerve supply: Median nerve.
      • Action: Flexes the metacarpophalangeal and proximal interphalangeal joints of the medial four fingers.

    Other Details

    • The presentation also includes information about the anatomical structures like synovial joints, muscle types, and the rotator cuff.
    • It contains multiple diagrams to show clear illustrations of the muscles and their attachments.
    • There are also a number of questions and answers at the end for formative assessment.

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    Description

    This quiz covers the muscles of the arm and forearm, detailing their origins, insertions, nerve supplies, and functions. Test your knowledge on important muscles like the biceps brachii and coracobrachialis, along with their anatomical significance and clinical relevance.

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