NCOMHN1-Module 3-Final PDF

Module III: The Individual and Family  THE INDIVIDUAL AND THE FAMILY Levels of Clientele in the Community 1. Individual 2. Family 3. Population group 4. Community A. Individual as a client Difference between Patient and Client CLIENT...

Module III: The Individual and Family  THE INDIVIDUAL AND THE FAMILY Levels of Clientele in the Community 1. Individual 2. Family 3. Population group 4. Community A. Individual as a client Difference between Patient and Client CLIENT PATIENT May or may not be sick. Sick Collaborates with the health Dependent on health professionals when it comes to professionals for decisions and his/her care. health care. Assumes an active role in health The passive receiver of health care. services. Health professionals perform Health Professionals generally health promotion and disease perform disease prevention prevention activities. activities. A. Individual as a client 2 ways in how we look at an Individual 1. Atomistic Approach 2. Holistic Approach  2 Ways in how we look at an Individual: ❖ Atomistic Approach proposed by Byrne and Thompson views man as an organism composed of different organ systems, with each system composed of organs and each organ made up of tissues and cells. The different levels of organization that influences body structure and function include the following: Chemical Level, Organelle Level, Cellular Level, Tissue Level, Organ Level, System Level. ❖ Holistic Approach traces the pattern of man’s relationship with other beings in the supra system of society. views man as a whole organism with interrelated and interdependent parts functioning to produce behavior unacceptable or acceptable to society. Man, as a whole, therefore, is different from and is more than the sum of his parts. A. Individual as a client 2. Holistic Approach - 5 dimensions of a Man 1. Man as a Physical Being 2. Man as a Social Being 3. Man as a Spiritual 4. Man as a Thinking or Intellectual Being 5. Man as a Psychological Being * Note that all dimensions of man are like links in a chain in that all dimensions are interrelated and interconnected. It means that whatever happens in one dimension affects the other dimensions as well.  5 dimensions of a Man or an Individual 1. Man as a Physical Being – characterized as a genetic endowment, sex, and physical attributes, such as structures and functions. 2. Man as a Social Being – man are capable of relating to others. 3. Man as a Spiritual Being - man are capable of virtues such as faith, hope, and charity.) 4. Manas a Thinking or Intellectual Being - man is capable of perception, cognition, and communication. 5. Man as a Psychological Being - man are capable of feeling, rationality, and all conscious and unconscious mental states. His rational side makes him merciful, kind and compassionate.)  B. Family as Basic Unit of the Society is a very important social institution that performs 2 major functions – Reproduction and Socialization. is knowingly and unknowingly contributing to the development of health and nursing its members. performs health-promoting, health-maintaining, and disease prevention activities. is the locus of decision-making on health matters. is the source of the most solid support and care to its members. C.Family as Client is a small social system and primary reference group made up of 2 or more persons living together who are related by blood, marriage, or adoption or who are living together by arrangement over some time. C. Family as a Client ❖ Types of Family Traditional Family Non-Traditional Family ❖ Forms of a Family Based on Compositions 1. Nuclear Family 6. Single state family 2. Extended Family 7. Same-sex family 3. Beanpole Family 8. Cohabiting Family 4. Single-parent Family 5. Step Family  Types of Family 1. Traditional Family The mother assumes the nurturing role or the role of the housewife and the father assumes the breadwinner role or role of the provider. 2. Non-Traditional Family The father may be involved in the household chores, bringing up the children and the family life in general, the mother, on the other hand, is employed and contributes to addressing the financial needs of the family.  Characteristics of a Family a. The family as a group is universal and is significant element in man’s social life b. It is the first social group to which the individual is exposed. c. Family contact and relationships are repetitive and continuous. d. The family is very close and intimate group.  Characteristics of a Family e. It is the setting of the most intense, emotional experience during the lifetime of the individual (birth- childhood- puberty – adolescence – marriage to death) f. The family affects the individual’s social values, disposition and outlook in life.  Characteristics of a Family g. The family has the unique position of serving as a link between the individual and the larger society. h. The family is also unique in providing continuity of social life.  Forms of a Family ❑ Based on Compositions ❑ Based on the Locus of 1. Nuclear Family Power 1. Patrifocal Family 2. Extended Family 2. Matrifocal Family 3. Beanpole Family 3. Egalitarian Family 4. Single-parent Family 4. Matricentric Family 5. Step Family ❑ Based on Residence 6. Single state Family 1. Neolocal Family 7. Same-sex Family 2. Bilocal Family 8. Cohabiting Family 3. Avunculocal Family  Type of Give 2 advantages and 2 family and disadvantages of this description type of family  Type of Give 2 advantages and 2 family and disadvantages of this description type of family  Type of Give 2 advantages and 2 family and disadvantages of this description type of family  Type of Give 2 advantages and 2 family and disadvantages of this description type of family  Forms of a Family ❑ Based on Composition a. Nuclear – primary; composed of father, mother and the children b. Extended – composed of 2 or more nuclear families related to each other economically or socially c. Single-parent – w/o one parent due to death, divorce, separation  Forms of a Family ❑ Based on Composition d. Beanpole Family- with 4 or more generations, each of them small, as each generation lives longer, the parent- child relationship lasts longer. e. Step Family - composed of one separated/divorced or widowed adult with his/her children and a new spouse with all or some of his/her children. f. Single state Family -never-married, separated, divorced, or widowed individual, often characterized by privacy, independence, and job mobility.  Forms of a Family ❑ Based on Composition g. Same-sex Family -composed of gay or lesbian partners or families who live together w/ or w/o an adopted child or a child from a previous relationship. h. Cohabiting Family - consist of unrelated individuals or families who live together under one roof for companionship.  Forms of a Family ❑ Based on Residence 1. Neolocal Family - Permits the couple to reside independently from their parents. 2. Bilocal Family - Provides the newlywed couple the choice of staying with either the groom’s or the bride’s parents/relatives, depending on factors like wealth or status. 3. Avunculocal Family - Prescribes the newlywed couple reside with or near the maternal uncle of the groom.  Forms of a Family ❑ Based on Locus of Power 1. Patrifocal Family - also known as the Patriarchal Family. - A union in which the man has the main authority and decision-making power. 2. Matrifocal Family - also known as the Matriarchal Family. - A union in which the woman has the main authority and decision-making power. 3. Egalitarian Family - a union in which the husband & wife exercise more or less an equal amount of authority. 4. Matricentric Family - the prolonged absence of the father gives the mother a dominant position in the family.  Forms of a Family ❑ Based on Decent Patrilineal Family Affiliates a person with a group of relatives through his or her father. Matrilineal Affiliates a person with a group of relatives through his or her mother. Bilateral Affiliates a person with a group of relatives through both his or her parents.  D. Family as a System Stages of Family Development 1. Initial stage / Establishment Stage Courtship and Engagement precede the establishment of the Family Unit. Development task for both male and female includes: 1. Contending with partner selection pressures from the parents. 2. Giving over autonomy while retaining some independence. 3. Preparing for marriage 4. Becoming free of parental domination. Development task for both male and female includes: 5. Personal aspirations of man and woman. 6. Cultural aspirations of their given society. 7. Partner’s physiological drives for sexual fulfillment 8. Partner’s health beliefs and assumptions.  D. Family as a System Stages of Family Development 2. Expectant Stage Pregnancy stage Domestic and social adjustment 1. The couple will assume new roles. 2. A couple is now expected to think as a family. 3. Both explore knowledge and practices regarding childbearing. D. Family as a System Stages of Family Development 3. Expansion Stage - Parenthood stage - Characterized by birth or adoption of a child. Stages of Parenthood 1. Anticipatory stage 2. Honeymoon stage 3. Plateau Stage 4. Disengagement Stage  STAGES OF PARENTHOOD 1. Anticipatory stage - A couple is learning new roles and perceptions associated with pregnancy. 2. Honeymoon stage - Stage, immediately after childbirth when both parents are uncertain about the meaning of parental love. - a parent-child attachment is being formed. - Lesser or diminished intimacy and less freedom to pursue an interest.  STAGES OF PARENTHOOD 3. Plateau Stage/ Consolidation stage - The entire period of child development when both father and mother are actively assuming parenting roles. - Both concerns with FP, socialization, the education of the child, and even active participation in community organizations. 4. Disengagement Stage - Parent-child terminates as the last child marries or leaves home permanently. - Retirement planning. - Preparation for spouse death. ❖ Stages of the Family Life Cycle According to Evelyn Duvall. - Evelyn Duvall (1977) outlined the eight states of the Family cycle to depict a series of changes in family compositions, roles, and relationships from the time people marry until they die. a. Married Family (without children) b. Child Bearing Family c. Family with Preschool Children  Stages of the Family Life Cycle According to Evelyn Duvall. a. Married Family (without children) ○ Wife and Husband b. Child Bearing Family (oldest child at birth up - 30 mos.) ○ Wife/Mother, Husband/Father, Infant daughter, and son. c. Family with Preschool Children (oldest child as over 30 mos. up to 6 yrs) ○ Wife/Mother, Husband/Father, daughter/sister, and son/brother  Stages of the Family Life Cycle According to Evelyn Duvall. 4. Family With School age children (oldest child up to 12 years old) Wife/mother, Husband/Father, daughter/sister and son/brother. 5. Family with teenagers (oldest child at 13 up to 20 years old) Wife/mother, Husband/Father, daughter/sister and son/brother 6. Family Launching Young Adults (First Child to last child gone). Wife/mother/grandmother, Husband/Father/grandfather, daughter/sister/aunt and son/brother/uncle.  Stages of the Family Life Cycle According to Evelyn Duvall. 7. Family Without Children (empty nest to retirement) Wife/mother/grandmother and husband/father and grandfather. 8. Aging Family (retirement to death) Wife/mother/grandmother and husband/father and grandfather, widow or widowers.  ❖ Functions of the Family as a Social System a. Physical Functions b. Affectional Functions c. Social Functions  Functions of the Family as a Social System a. Physical Functions ○ Met by parents as they provide food, clothing, and shelter. ○ Protection against danger. ○ Reproduction and provision for bodily repairs in cases of fatigue or illness. b. Affectional Functions ○ Meeting emotional needs and promoting adoption and adjustments. c. Social Functions ○ Providing social togetherness. ○ Fostering self-esteem and a personal identity tied to a family identity. ○ Providing opportunities for learning social and sexual roles. ○ Accepting responsibility for behavior. ○ Supporting individual creativity and initiatives. Family Health Task 1. Ability to recognize the presence of the condition or problem. 2. Ability to make decisions for taking appropriate, health action. 3. Ability to decide which action to take from among a list of alternatives. 4. Ability to provide a home environment conducive to health maintenance and personal development 5. Not Failure to utilize community resources for health care  Family Health Task 6. Recognizing interruptions of health or development. 7. Seeking health care 8. Managing Health and non- health crises. 9. Providing nursing care to the sick, disabled and dependent member of the family. 10. Maintaining a home environment conducive to good health and personal development. 11. Maintaining a reciprocal relationship with the identifying family nursing problems. THANK YOU!!!