Management Theories PDF

[NCM 411] NURSING LEADERSHIP AND MANAGEMENT MANAGEMENT THEORIES 1ST SEMESTER ┃A.Y. 2022-2023┃PRELIMS┃TRANS 2┃TRANSCRIBED BY APRIL TOM O. CUENCA NAME OF LECTURER: M...

[NCM 411] NURSING LEADERSHIP AND MANAGEMENT MANAGEMENT THEORIES 1ST SEMESTER ┃A.Y. 2022-2023┃PRELIMS┃TRANS 2┃TRANSCRIBED BY APRIL TOM O. CUENCA NAME OF LECTURER: MR. TARCISIO B. CANDOG, JR., RN, MAN DATE OF LECTURE: SEPTEMBER 15, 2022 OUTLINE THEORIES FOCUSED ON HUMAN RELATIONS 1. Management Theories 3. Contemporary Leader- a. Scientific Management Theory Manager Theories 1. SOCIAL PROCESS (Frederick Taylor) a. Management by Objectives Mary Follet (1868-1933): Conceived management as a social b. Systematic Management [MBO] (Peter Drucker) process focused on the motivation of individuals and groups alike Theory (Henri Fayol) b. Management as Decision towards achieving a common goal. c. Organizational Theory (Max Making (Herbert Simon) Collaboration and cooperation rather than exercise of the Weber) c. Managerial Roles (Henry manager’s power and authority. 2. Theories Focused on Human Mintzberg) Relations Particular attention was devoted to what motivated the worker. a. Social Process (Mary Follet) Manager don’t give orders to the rank-and-file employee, rather b. Hawthorne Experiments (Elton work together with the said employee to study the situation and Mayo and Fritz Roethlisberger) take the best action based on specific needs present. 2. HAWTHORNE EXPERIMENTS MANAGEMENT THEORIES Elton Mayo (1880-1949) and Fritz Roethlisberger (1898-1974) 1. SCIENTIFIC MANAGEMENT THEORY tested the assumptions of the scientific management theory through Hawthorne effect. Frederick Taylor (1856-1915) developed Theory of Scientific Productivity was affected by both physical and social environment Management to address the growing need to improve industrial including the ability or opportunity to participate in decision making production. with the administration and recognition from the administration. Central premise: Management and labor both want to increase Hawthorne effect refers to a momentary change of behavior or productivity; it is possible to find "one best practice" through which performance in response to a change in a worker’s environment, the worker gets the most work done for the least energy spent. usually being an improvement. Taylor's System of Work Improvement People are more productive when they feel appreciates or when First component: Controlled observation of worker's performance watched. done with time and motion studies to quantify the efficiency of workers with which task is done. CONTEMPORARY LEADER-MANAGER THEORIES Basis for most efficient way to perform a given task: 1. Selection of the best man for a particular task based on the results of the scientific study; 1. MANAGEMENT BY OBJECTIVES (MBO) 2. Training of the chosen workers for their designated tasks and Peter Drucker (1909-2005): Father of Modern Corporate the appropriate adjustment of their pay; and Management which is a consensual process where both 3. Filing of the managerial positions with the more highly skilled management and rank-and-file meet in order to understand and workers, in particular, a foreman being appointed to each agree on the organization’s objectives (authority, responsibility and specific unit. accountability). Basic components: Approach involved joint efforts between supervisors and 1. Analysis and synthesis of the elements of the operation through subordinates. time and motion studies; 2. Scientific selection of workers; 2. MANAGEMENT AS DECISION MAKING 3. Training of workers; Herbert Simon (1916-2001): Posited that hospitals and other 4. Proper tools and equipment; service institutions, decisions are made by employees at all levels 5. Proper incentives and payments of organization, forming a network of decision-makers Optimizing and satisfying are two distinct approaches to decision 2. SYSTEMATIC MANAGEMENT THEORY making Henri Fayol (1841-1925): Father of Systematic Management; Optimizing: Search for the best alternative possible (economic devised the traditional operational school of management. man) Guiding behavior in each management situation with appropriate Satisfying: Using the first workable solution (administrative man) principles made management more effective. Three step process to arrive at the best ultimate decision: Introduced management principles to set up a structure that would 1. Listing alternative strategies for resolving the problem both promote order and raise worker’s morale to improve economic 2. Determining the consequences that would follow each efficiency, especially labor productivity. alternative 3. Comparative evaluation of these consequences 3. ORGANIZATIONAL THEORY Max Weber (1864-1920): Father of the Theory of Social and 3. MANAGERIAL ROLES Economic Organization Henry Mintzberg (1975): Names three basic roles of a typical Complex form of bureaucracy based on hierarchy of authority and manager. division of work based on specialization of function. 1. Interpersonal role: A figurehead, a leader, and a liaison Responsibilities and rights of the workers were governed by very inside and outside the organization specific rules rather than individuals. 2. Informational role: Monitoring the organization, sharing Organization of workers were based on their individual information, and spokesperson competencies. 3. Decision-making role: Manager is all at once an entrepreneur, disturbance handler, negotiator and allocator TRANSCRIBED BY APRIL TOM O. CUENCA 1