Industrial Revolution & Globalization PDF

INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION CONTINUED LABOR REFORM Opposition to the factory system Due to the poor conditions It also threatened small businesses Luddites Factories were more efficient than artisans Which lowered artisan wages greatly People took to sabotagin...

INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION CONTINUED LABOR REFORM Opposition to the factory system Due to the poor conditions It also threatened small businesses Luddites Factories were more efficient than artisans Which lowered artisan wages greatly People took to sabotaging industrial equipment and factories LABOR REFORM Laborers wanted better treatment Safer working conditions Less extreme hours Limiting of child labor Factory and Mines Act Illegal to hire younger than 9 years old Limited hours for ages 9-17 Illegal for women and children to work underground in mines LABOR REFORM Creation of unions Organizations of people with same job Collectively bargain with employer For better salaries and shorter hours Could strike if demands were not met Unions were illegal in Britain until 1825 Strikes seen as threat to public order INDUSTRIALIZATION GLOBALLY In War of 1812, Britain blockades USA Unable to trade in Europe USA must now manufacture goods it once purchased from Britain Britain forbade engineers and mechanics from leaving the country Samuel Slater emigrates to the USA Memorized a machine’s INDUSTRIALIZATION GLOBALLY Industrialization in the USA All the same factors for industrialization Textile industry booms in Northeast Railroad expansion in the US Causes growth of new cities in the US Process of urbanization INDUSTRIALIZATION GLOBALLY Corporations Companies in which partial ownership is sold as shares Shareholders share in the profits and losses Most powerful corporations in the world emerge in the USA Standard Oil Carnegie Steel INDUSTRIALIZATION GLOBALLY Inventions of the US Industrial Rev. Lightbulb, steel plough, phonograph, etc USA begins to overtake Britain By end of 1800s Large and resource-rich country Linked by railroads Massive corporations Inventing at a greater pace than Britain INDUSTRIALIZATION GLOBALLY Continental Europe industrializes Much later than England, because of the Napoleonic Wars Regions industrialize, not whole nations Regions rich in coal Germany Not a unified country yet Ruhr Valley region