MUSIC 10 Q2 Module 1 PDF

10 Department of Education National Capital Region SCHOOLS DIVISION OFFICE MARIKINA CITY Music, Arts, Physical Education, and Health MUSIC Second Quarter – Module 1: African and Latin Ame...

10 Department of Education National Capital Region SCHOOLS DIVISION OFFICE MARIKINA CITY Music, Arts, Physical Education, and Health MUSIC Second Quarter – Module 1: African and Latin American Music Writer: Darren L. Bancod Cover Illustrator: John Orville Munar City of Good Character 0 DISCIPLINE GOOD TASTE EXCELLENCE  What I Need to Know Whether for work, rituals, entertainment, and communication purposes, music has always been a significant part in one’s life. May it be with singing, dancing, clapping and drum beating, music is observable in other most of the traditions worldwide. These music characteristics are prominently observed in African and Latin American music. This module will help you dissect the role of culture and traditions in the creation of the above-mentioned musical genres The module contains: Lesson 1 – African and Latin American Music After going through this module, you are expected to: 1. Describe the historical and cultural background of Afro-Latin American and popular music (U10APIIa-g-2) 2. Analyze musical characteristics of Afro-Latin American and popular music through listening activities (MU10AP-lla-h-5) 3. Explain the history and culture underlying African and Latin American Music 4. Listen perceptively to Afro-Latin and American Music. 5. Describe the musical characteristics of traditional music of Africa, Latin American music influenced by African Music, Latin American music. What I Know The result of this pre-test will check your prior knowledge, understanding and skills on this module. Read and understand the questions carefully and choose the best answer. Write the letter of the answer on a separate sheet of paper. Write your name and section in the upper right corner of the paper. 1. How does the early music of Africa being transmitted or taught from generation to generations? A. musical sheet C. taught at school B. orally D. transcribed in books 2. What continental colonization to Africa that helps the spread of African music to different parts of the world? A. American Colonization C. Australian Colonization B. Asian Colonization D. European Colonization 3. Which of the following is NOT a factor that results to the changes that happened in African music and its society? A. government B. colonization C. independence D. globalization 4. It refers to the music of Mexico, Central America, South America, and the entire Caribbean colonized by Spain and Portugal. A. Latin Music C. Popular music B. Latin American music D. African music City of Good Character 1 DISCIPLINE GOOD TASTE EXCELLENCE 5. Which of the following is NOT an example of Latin-American music? A. Tango B. Chacha C. Rumba D. Gospel 6. Which of the following is NOT an example Latin American music with African influences? A. Country B. Reggae C. Salsa D. Samba 7. Which group of people did the Africans replaced in the laboring force that greatly influenced the folk and art music of the Caribbean island nations? A. Asians B. Indians C. Chinese D. Mongolians 8. It is a term that refers to a number of contemporary musical styles having a wide appeal to large audiences most especially to young people. A. Latin C. Popular music B. Latin American music D. African music 9. Which of the following is an example of a Latin-American music? A. standard, C. bossanova B. rock and roll D. folk 10. It is a genre of the late 19th and early 20th century originated from African-American communities of New Orleans characterized by a heavy improvisation, polyrhythms, syncopation, and swing note A. Jazz C. Rhythm and Blues B. Soul D. Funk 11. Which of the following is NOT a place that influenced Latin American Music? A. Mexico C. South America B. Central America D. North America 12. What is the primary purpose of Traditional African Music? A. Recreation C. Ceremonial Rites B. Promoting Culture D. Political/Social Issues 13. It is a music to wake up the worshippers after fasting during Ramadan. A. Afrobeat B. Apala C. Axe D. Jit 14. Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of soul music? A. Call-and-response B. High pitch sound and melody C. Strong beat and emphasis on singing D. Use of improvisations, twirls, and auxiliary sounds 15. Which of the following is NOT a Latin American Music influenced by African Music? A. Zouk B. Were C. Soca D. Jazz City of Good Character 2 DISCIPLINE GOOD TASTE EXCELLENCE  What’s In Let’s Review! Before we proceed to our topic, let us assess how much knowledge you gain in the last quarter by answering the activity below. Instruction: Read and analyze each statement below. Choose the letter of the correct answer from the word box. A. avant-garde B. impressionism C. concrete music D. chance music E. primitivism F. expressionism ____ 1. It is a French movement in the late 19th and early 20th century that uses extensive colors and effects, vague melodies, and innovative chords and progressions leading to mild dissonances. ____ 2. It is an art movement that began Germany during the 20th century that is originally borrowed from painting which intended to express strong emotion such as anxiety, anger, and feeling of isolation. ____ 3. This is a type of music that uses the tape recorder. ____ 4. It refers to a musical style where a music constantly sounds different at every performance because of the random techniques of production. ____ 5. It is a combination of two simple ideas that developed into a new idea, new image, and new sound. ____ 6. It is a French word for ‘advance guard” or “vanguard,” which is used to describe the style of music that evolved after 1945. What’s New ACTIVITY 1: PICTURE ANALYSIS Instruction: Study and analyze PICTURE (A) and (B). Answer the following questions below. Picture (A) Picture (B) 1. What kind of event does Picture (A) is trying to portray? Explain briefly. ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ 2. What kind of event does Picture (B) is trying to portray? Explain briefly. ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ City of Good Character 3 DISCIPLINE GOOD TASTE EXCELLENCE  3. What are the similarities of Pictures (A) and (B)? ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ 4. How are these two pictures related to music? ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ What is It Historical and Cultural background of African Music A rich ancient musical history is always attributed to Africa Music was orally passed down from generation to generation. The spread of African music to different parts of the world was because of the European colonization of Africa and the African slave trade. As a result of forces of independence, colonization, and globalization, African music and society have also changed. Despite some changes in the forms of music including the infusion of instruments, and musical styles from outside the African continent, African music remains significant until today. Music and dance forms have influenced a number of international music styles and provided the roots of musical tradition behind African American music including the Caribbean and Latin American genres such as reggae, salsa, samba, and rumba. History of Jazz Music Jazz music is a genre of the late 19th and early 20th century which originated from African-American communities of New Orleans. It is characterized by a heavy improvisation, polyrhythms, syncopation, and swing note. It was said to be the music of the African slaves expressing their feelings of sadness, sorrows, misfortune, injustices, and sentiments during their desperate condition. Jazz is a style of music that spread all over the world and drew on different national, regional, and local music cultures, which led to the development of different musical styles. Music Fun Fact! Listen and analyze the song Livery Stable Blues by Original Dixieland Jass Band (1917) Original Dixieland Jass Band (ODJB) was founded in New Orleans in 1916. Their first jazz recording is dated in 1917. In late 1917, they changed the word Jass from their band name to "Jazz”. Click or type this link in your browser. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5WojNaU4-kI What unique musical characteristics you can hear from their performance? ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ City of Good Character 4 DISCIPLINE GOOD TASTE EXCELLENCE Historical and Cultural background of Latin American Music Latin American music refers to the music of Mexico, Central America, South America, and the entire Caribbean colonized by Spain and Portugal. The music of Latin America differs from the region where it came from, the combination of influence, cultural heritage, religions, mixture of races, and from pre-Columbian times to the present-day. Different influences brought unique musical styles and instruments that developed in every country and every island in the Caribbean. Latin American styles include some dance music. Example of these dance forms are cumbia, tango, chacha, rumba, bossanova, reggae, foxtrot and paso doble. Africans greatly influenced the folk and art music of the Caribbean island nations when they replaced the Indians in the laboring force. o They provided the foundation of musical styles mostly in the Caribbean and Latin America. Reggae, salsa, samba, soca and zouk are some of the Latin American music with African influences. Some instruments that are identified to be African origin are the marimbas of South Mexico and Guatemala and the leg drums in coastal Columbia and Ecuador TRADITIONAL MUSIC OF AFRICA African traditional music is primarily functional in nature. It is used primarily in ceremonial rites, such as birth, death, marriage, succession, worship, and spirit invocations. While many traditional societies view their music as entertainment, some historians attribute their music as work related or social in nature. It has a basically interwoven structural arrangement, due mainly to its dense textural and overlapping characteristics as well as its complex rhythm characteristics. Its numerous sources of stylistic influence have created different characteristics and genres. TYPES OF AFRICAN MUSIC 1. Afrobeat – it is a term used to describe the mixture of West African with black American music 2. Apala (Akpala) - It is a music to wake up the worshippers after fasting during Ramadan. This style comes from Nigeria in the Yoruba tribal style. Percussion instrumentation contains the rattle (sekere), thumb piano (agidigbo), bell (agogo), and two or three talking drums. 3. Axe - famous musical genre from Salvador, Bahia, and Brazil. It mixes the Afro- Caribbean styles of the reggae, marcha, and calypso. 4. Jit - fast and hard percussive Zimbabwean dance music played on drums with guitar accompaniment and is influenced by mbira-based guitar styles. 5. Jive - famous form of South African music showing a energetic and uninhibited variation of the jitterbug, a form of swing dance. 6. Juju - popular music style from Nigeria that relies on the traditional Yoruba rhythms, where the instruments in Juju are more Western in origin. A drum kit, keyboard, pedal steel guitar, and accordion are used along with the traditional dun-dun (talking drum or squeeze drum). City of Good Character 5 DISCIPLINE GOOD TASTE EXCELLENCE  7. Kwassa Kwassa – a dance style that begun in Zaire in the late 1980’s. It was popularized by a singer called Kanda Bongo Man. The hips move back and forth while the arms move following the hips. 8. Marabi - South African three-chord township music of the 1930s-1960s which evolved into African Jazz. It is a keyboard style which fuses American jazz, ragtime and blues with African roots. Listening Activity It is also characterized by Listen carefully to the different Genres of African simple chords in popular music varying vamping Click or type this link to your browser. patterns and https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5WojNaU4-kI repetitive harmony Which genre of African music do you like the over a period of time most? Why? to allow the ______________________________________________ performers more ______________________________________________ time on the dance ______________________________________________ floor. VOCAL FORMS OF AFRICAN MUSIC As Africa changed in response to the European colonization and globalization, the role of music changed as well. Also, as a result of the African slave trade and migrations, the music and dance of Africa have influenced a number of musical styles and genres. 1. Maracatu – ancient carnival tradition found in Pernambuco in the Northeastern Brazil. It has rooted from the music and tradition of African slaves who worked in sugar farms and Pernambuco states. o Formed by the African slaves’ religious brotherhood to preserve their culture and tradition. o Performs by parading with 80-100 drum ensemble, singer, chorus, with a coterie of dancers. 2. Blues – 19th century music style which originated from African-Americans in the Southern US that often expresses a wide range of emotions. The words often mirror the deep emotion of black Americans from injustices or a feeling of sadness, longing, and lost. o Strong 4-time meter, typically in a twelve bar-structure o Three-line stanza in which the second line repeats the first, with frequent intervals and blue notes. o Some famous rhythm and blues singers include: Alicia Keys, Adele, Anastacia, Anita Baker, B.B. King, Bill Withers, Etta James, Diana Ross 3. Soul Music – late 1950’s and early 1960’s pop music genre which originated in US. It incorporates the elements of African-American gospel music, rhythm and blues, and jazz. Became popular in the US for dancing and listening and directly influenced rock music all over the world. o Strong beat and emphasis on singing City of Good Character 6 DISCIPLINE GOOD TASTE EXCELLENCE  o Call-and-response – style of music composition wherein a vocalist/instrumentalist sings/plays a phrase and another vocalist/instrumentalist echoes with another phrase o Use of improvisations, twirls, and auxiliary sounds 4. Spiritual – religious folk songs of the African-American derived from the King James Bible’s translation of Ephesians 5:19, “Speak to one another with psalms, hymns and spiritual songs, singing and making melody in your heart to the Lord.” o It was created by African slaves in the US imparting Christian values and hardships of slavery CLASSIFICATION OF AFRICAN INSTRUMENTS 1. Idiophones – musical instruments that create sounds by striking, scraping or shaking o Djembe (Zhem-bay) – single headed open goblet drum played with bared hands. It is one of Africa’s most popular and functional instruments because of the uncommon range of pitches that it can produce. The instrument has a distinctive and unique design covered with a goat skin and carved and hollowed out of a tree trunk. o Shekere – beaded handmade rattle. – It contains of a hollow gourd or calabash, covered with a net of beads, shells, seeds, or any available materials from West Africa. It is performed in a different style and come in many sizes and shapes. o Agbe – very large beaded calabash played by professional musicians from Nigeria. It can never be shared even with the family members but can be inherited by a son from his father if he is a professional musician. 2. Membranophones – musical instruments which a vibrating animal membrane o Talking drum – one of the most respected drum in Southern Nigeria similar to Kalangu drum of Northern Nigeria. It is played with a beater that can replicate a speech patterns or use as signals for announcements and warnings. The talking drum leads most of the musical instruments. It also gives the dancers the direction on what to do at a given time. 3. Chordophones – musical instruments that create sounds from the vibration of strings o Kora –stringed instrument comparable to a guitar. It is a long-necked harp with 21 strings placed on a gourd covered with skin of an animal. It is played with the fingers in upright position and frequently used to accompany worship songs. o Musical bow – oldest and widely known used string instrument in Africa. It consists of a flexible wooden stick with strings attached on by striking using wooden stick. The types of musical bow are the earth resonated string bow, gourd-resonator string bow, mouth- resonated bow. 4. Aerophones – musical instruments that produce sounds by a vibrating air. City of Good Character 7 DISCIPLINE GOOD TASTE EXCELLENCE LATIN AMERICAN MUSIC INFLUENCED BY AFRICAN MUSIC 1. Reggae - Jamaican sound dominated by bass guitar and drums. It refers to a particular music style that was strongly influenced by traditional mento and calypso music, as well as American jazz, and rhythm and blues. The most recognizable musical elements of reggae are its offbeat rhythm and staccato chords 2. Salsa music - Cuban, Puerto Rican, and Colombian dance music. It comprises various musical genres including the Cuban son montuno, guaracha, chachacha, mambo and bolero. 3. Samba - basic underlying rhythm that typifies most Brazilian music. It is a lively and rhythmical dance and music with three steps to every bar, making the Samba feel like a timed dance. There is a set of dances—rather than a single dance—that define the Samba dancing scene in Brazil. Thus, no one dance can be claimed with certainty as the “original” Samba style. 4. Soca - modern Trinidadian and Tobago pop music combining “soul” and “calypso” music. 5. Were - This is Muslim music performed often as a wake-up call for early breakfast and prayers during Ramadan celebrations. Relying on pre-arranged music, it fuses the African and European music styles with particular usage of the natural harmonic series. 6. Zouk is fast, carnival-like hythmic music, from the Creole slang word for ‘party,’ originating in the Caribbean Islands of Guadaloupe and Martinique and popularized in the 1980’s. It has a pulsating beat supplied by the gwo ka and tambour bele drums, a tibwa rhythmic pattern played on the rim of the snare drum and its hi-hat, rhythm guitar, a horn section, and keyboard synthesizers. What’s More Activity 2: PMI Chart Instruction: Fill-out the chart with at least three (3) plus (positive), minus (negative) and interesting (fun facts) ideas in each column that you have learned about African and Latin American Music. Use a separate one (1) whole sheet of short bond paper in answering the activity. Write your name and section in the upper right corner of the paper. Plus Minus Interesting City of Good Character 8 DISCIPLINE GOOD TASTE EXCELLENCE  What I Have Learned Generalization Questions: 1. What event in African history that showed the way to spread African music to the different parts of the worlds? How? 2. How did Latin American music become popular in the western countries? 3. What are the unique characteristics of African and Latin American Music? What I Can Do VENN DIAGRAM Instructions: Describe the similarity and differences of African and Latin American Music by answering the diagram below using the information you have learned from the lesson. Use a separate one (1) whole sheet of short bond paper in answering the activity. Write your name and section in the upper right corner of the paper. Criteria 10 points 7 points 5 points Number of quality Student is able to Student is able to Student is able to statements make 6 make 4-5 make 1-3 or less comparison comparison comparison statements statements statements Text All texts are easy to Some texts are easy Most texts are not read, legible. to read. 1 - 3 easy to read. 4 – 6 No misspellings. spelling mistakes. spelling mistakes. Organization of Excellently clean, Fairly organized. Messy and thoughts neat and well- Some ideas are unorganized. Most organized ideas jumbled. of the ideas are jumbled City of Good Character 9 DISCIPLINE GOOD TASTE EXCELLENCE  Assessment It’s time to assess how much you have learned from the lesson. Read and understand the questions carefully and choose the best answer. Write the letter of the answer on a separate sheet of paper. Write your name and section in the upper right corner of the paper. 1. How does the early music of Africa being transmitted or taught from generation to generations? A. musical sheet C. taught at school B. orally D. transcribed in books 2. What continental colonization to Africa that helps the spread of African music to different parts of the world? A. American Colonization C. Australian Colonization B. Asian Colonization D. European Colonization 3. Which of the following is NOT a factor that results to the changes that happened in African music and its society? A. government C. independence B. colonization D. globalization 4. It refers to the music of Mexico, Central America, South America, and the entire Caribbean colonized by Spain and Portugal. A. Latin C. Popular music B. Latin American music D. African music 5. Which of the following is NOT an example of Latin-American music? A. Tango B. Chacha C. Rumba D. Gospel 6. Which of the following is NOT an example Latin American music with African influences? A. Country B. Reggae C. Salsa D. Samba 7. Which group of people did the Africans replaced in the laboring force that greatly influenced the folk and art music of the Caribbean island nations? A. Asians B. Indians C. Chinese D. Mongolians 8. It is a term that refers to a number of contemporary musical styles having a wide appeal to large audiences most especially to young people. A. Latin Music C. Popular music B. Latin American music D. African music 9. Which of the following is an example of a Latin-American music? A. standard B. rock and roll C. bossanove D. folk City of Good Character 10 DISCIPLINE GOOD TASTE EXCELLENCE 10. It is a genre of the late 19th and early 20th century originated from African-American communities of New Orleans characterized by a heavy improvisation, polyrhythms, syncopation, and swing note A. Jazz C. Rhythm and Blues B. Soul D. Funk 11. Which of the following is NOT a place that influenced Latin American Music? A. Mexico C. South America B. Central America D. North America 12. What is the primary purpose of Traditional African Music? A. Recreation C. Ceremonial Rites B. Promoting Culture D. Political/Social Issues 13. It is a music to wake up the worshippers after fasting during Ramadan. A. Afrobeat B. Apala C. Axe D. Jit 14. Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of soul music? A. Call-and-response B. High pitch sound and melody C. Strong beat and emphasis on singing D. Use of improvisations, twirls, and auxiliary sounds 15. Which of the following is NOT a Latin American Music influenced by African Music? A. Zouk B. Were C. Soca D. Jazz Additional Activities B – A – R Activity (Before and After Reading) Fill the chart with necessary information below based on what you have learned about the topic. Concept Before the lesson After the lesson Historical and Cultural background of African and Latin American Music Musical characteristics of traditional music of Africa, Latin American City of Good Character 11 DISCIPLINE GOOD TASTE EXCELLENCE  Answer Key References Books Vecino, Rosenberger, Boquiren, Grecia, and Angeles. Living with Music, Art, Physical Education & Health. K-12ed. Vibal Group, Inc., 2017. Sunico, Cabanban, and Moran. 2015. HORIZONS Grade 10 Learner’s Materials: Music and Arts Appreciation for Young Filipinos. Tawid Publications. WEBSITES Images Resources https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Women_dancing.jpg https://libreshot.com/mexican-dancers/ https://snl.no/Original_Dixieland_Jazz_Band VIDEOS https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5WojNaU4-kI https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5WojNaU4-kI City of Good Character 12 DISCIPLINE GOOD TASTE EXCELLENCE  Development Team of the Module Writer: Darren L. Bancod, MSHS Editors: Jovita Consorcia F. Mani Layout Artist: Maria Isabel G. Tutor Management Team: Sheryll T. Gayola Assistant Schools Division Superintendent OIC, Office of the Schools Division Superintendent Elisa O. Cerveza Chief, CID OIC, Office of the Assistant Schools Division Superintendent Jovita Consorcia Mani EPS-MAPEH Ivy Coney A. Gamatero EPS – LRMS For inquiries or feedback, please write or call: Schools Division Office- Marikina City Email Address: [email protected] 191 Shoe Ave., Sta. Elena, Marikina City, 1800, Philippines Telefax: (02) 682-2472 / 682-3989 City of Good Character 13 DISCIPLINE GOOD TASTE EXCELLENCE