Multimedia Elective 3 PDF

Elective 3 PREPARED BY: ENGR. GEOVANI L. PABILONA, Ph.D The Five Basic Elements of Multimedia 1. Texts 2. Images 3. Video 4. Audio 5. Animation What are online, off-line and hybrid multimedia products?  An “offline” project is self-contained, does not interact with anything outsi...

Elective 3 PREPARED BY: ENGR. GEOVANI L. PABILONA, Ph.D The Five Basic Elements of Multimedia 1. Texts 2. Images 3. Video 4. Audio 5. Animation What are online, off-line and hybrid multimedia products?  An “offline” project is self-contained, does not interact with anything outside its immediate environment  An “online” project needs to communicate with distant resources over a network.  Some projects have elements of both online and offline projects and we will refer these as “hybrid” projects.  Interactive (Nonlinear) Multimedia  Multimedia is combinnation of digitally manipulated text, photographs, graphic art, sound, animation, and video elements. When you allow an end user multimedia project to control what and when the elements are delivered, it is called interactive or nonlinear. Non-interactive (Linear) Multimedia: A multimedia project need not be interactive to be called Non- interactive multimedia: users can sit back and watch it just as they do a movie or television. In such cases, a project is linear, starting at the beginning and running through to the end. Multimedia - Applications 1. Multimedia in Business Items difficult to stock like glass utensils, industrial equipment Business applications for multimedia include presentations, training, marketing, advertising, product demos, simulations, databases, instant messaging, and networked communications. Medical doctors can practice surgery methods via simulation prior to actual surgery. Mechanics learn to repair engines. 2. Multimedia in Education These include learning packages and simulation of lab experiments. Different aspects of the course curriculum, which cannot be explained easily through simple text and images, could be presented through video clips, animation, 3D modeling, audio, simulation, etc. e-learning. 3. Multimedia in Home Entertainment Computer-based games for kids, interactive encyclopedias, storytelling, cartoons, etc. Wifi, X-box, or Sony PlayStation machine. 4. Multimedia in Public Places Information is accessed through a touch screen and viewed on a monitor. In hotels, train stations, shopping malls, museums, libraries, and grocery stores, multimedia is already available at stand-alone terminals. 5. Virtual Reality At the convergence of technology and creative invention in multimedia is virtual reality. Take a step forward, and the view gets closer. 6. Content-Based Storage and Retrieval (CBSR) System Efficient methods of searching non-textual media are being developed. Matching of a fingerprint from police records to identify the criminal or identifying a person from photographs.  MULTIMEDIA PROJECT DEVELOPMENT STAGES: four basic stages in a multimedia project 1. Planning and costing 2. Designing and producing 3. Testing 4. Delivering  Roles of a Multimedia Project Manager 1. Planner – Devises a cost-effective method for developing a project within the constraints of schedule and budget. 2. Team Builder – Assembles a team of developers and then motivates them to work together. 3. Organizer – Structures the project by applying the best mix of talent to meet the demands of a schedule as well as technical requirements. 4. Negotiator – Balances the needs of the project, the customer, and the development team. 5. Flexible and Assertive Coach – Knows how to get the best out of his or her team. This is accomplished by taking control when necessary to get the job done. 6. Work Flow Manager – Schedules activities and tasks in a logical sequence. 7. Sales Person – Understands the needs of the customer and delivers the solution on time and within the budget. 8. Problem Solver – Identifies and rectifies technical and management difficulties. 9. Committed to Quality – Ensures that multimedia products are error-free. 10. Goal Setter – Identifies specific tasks and sees to it that they are completed on time. 11. Possesses a Positive Attitude – Believes a complex project, despite the things that can go wrong, will get done, no matter what. 12. Listener – Hears out customers, team members, management, and everyone who has a say in the project, and then makes a decision that gets the job done. 13. Multi-tasker – Judges a number of things at once, including technical, management, schedule, and budget issues. Possessing this skill is critical and may be the most important skill of all. Ex: -A PCM system uses a uniform quantizer followed by a 7-bit encoder. The system bit rate is 50 Mbits/sec. Calculate the maximum bandwidth of the message signal for which this system operates satisfactorily. Soln. : It has been given that : Bit rate r = 50 Mbits/sec and N = 7 We know that bit rate r = N_fs by a 7-bit encoder. The system bit rate is 50 Mbits/sec. Calculate the maximum bandwidth of the message signal for which this system operates satisfactorily. Soln. : It has been given that : Bit rate r = 50 Mbits/sec and N = 7 We know that bit rate r = N f_s-A PCM system uses a uniform quantizer followed by a 7-bit encoder. The system bit rate is 50 Mbits/sec. Calculate the maximum bandwidth of the message signal for which this system operates satisfactorily. Soln. : It has been given that : Bit rate r = 50 Mbits/sec and N = 7 We know that bit rate r = N f_s Ex: - The bandwidth of a video signal is 4.5 MHz. This signal is to be transmitted using PCM with the number of quantization levels Q = 1024. The sampling rate should be 20% higher than the Nyquist rate. Calculate the system bit rate. sol’n: Bandwidth W = 4.5 MHz As per Nyquist rate f s=2W = 9 MHz But f should be 20% higher than Nyquist rate f s=1.2×9 MHz =10.8 MHz.......1 We know that, 𝑄=2^𝑁 , therefore, 1024=2^N 𝑁=10.......2 System bit rate 𝑟=𝑁f𝑠=10×10.8MHz=10×10.8 MHz  MIDI Efficient method for representing musical performance information One minute music commonly requires 5 Mbytes, whereas MIDI for 1 min requires 1 Kbytes. -MIDI does not contain sampled audio data, instead the instructions (MIDI Messages) that the synthesizer can use to generate sound -Easy to edit the music, change the playback speed and the pitch or key of the sounds indepedently.  MIDI Sequencers & synthesizers  Sequencers -Helps sending MIDI messages to MIDI synthesizer -Adds time-stamping to the MIDI messages  Synthesizer -Polyphonic Ability to play more than one note at a time -Multitimbral Mode Capable of producing two or more different instrument sounds simultaneously If a synthesizer can play five notes simultaneously, and it can produce a piano sound and an acoustic bass sound at the same time, then it is multitimbral.  Types of video signals Video signals can be classified as Types ofvideo 1. Composite Video Signals 2. S-video Video Signals 3. Component can be video classified as 1. Composite video 2. S-Video 3. Component video