MST W3.pdf

TYPES OF LATHE MACHINE Working principle of lathe If the tool moves parallel to work piece cylindrical surface is formed Working principle of lathe If the tool moves inclined to the axis it produces a taper surface and is called taper turning. Working principle of lathe It holds th...

TYPES OF LATHE MACHINE Working principle of lathe If the tool moves parallel to work piece cylindrical surface is formed Working principle of lathe If the tool moves inclined to the axis it produces a taper surface and is called taper turning. Working principle of lathe It holds the work between two supports called centers. Chuck or Face plate is also used for holding the work. Chuck or face plate is mounted on machine spindle Cutting tool is held and supported on a tool post. Movement of the job is rotation about spindle axis Tool is fed against the revolving work Movement of the tool is either parallel to or at any inclination to the work axis Specifications of Lathe 1 a) Height of centers b)type of bed(straight , semi gap, or gap) c) center distance 2. a)swing over bed b)swing over cross slide c) swing in gap d) gap in front of face place Specifications of Lathe 3. a) spindle speeds range b) spindle nose c) spindle bore d) taper nose 4 a)Metric thread pitches b)lead screw pitch c)longitudinal feeds d)cross feeds Specifications of Lathe 5. a) cross slide travel b)top slide travel c) tool section 6) a)tailstock sleeve travel b)taper in sleeve bore 7) Motor horsepower and RPM 8) shipping dimensions --- length*width*height*weight TYPES OF LATHES Engine Lathe or center lathe - It is most common type of lathe and is widely used in workshop. - The speed of the spindle can be widely varied as desired which is not possible in a speed lathe. TYPES OF LATHES Bench Lathe - Small lathe which can mounted on the work bench - It is used to make small precision and light jobs. TYPES OF LATHES Speed lathe - It is named because of the very high speed of the head stock spindle. - Consists head stock, a tail stock and tool post. it has no gear box. - Applicable in wood turning, metal spinning and operations. - A Speed Lathe Machine is a high-speed, hand- operated lathe machine, mainly used by woodworkers. It can provide a spindle speed from 1200 to 3600rpm.  TYPES OF LATHES Tool room lathe - It is similar to an engine lathe, designed for obtaining accuracy. - It is used for manufacturing precision components, dies, tools, jigs etc. and hence it is called as tool room lathe. This is a special breed of lathe machine mostly used to make precision parts and tools such as die, gauges, jigs, and fixtures. It looks similar to an engine lathe machine. But it is made from more accurate and precise parts than an engine lathe machine. Thus, the price of a toolroom machine is higher than an engine lathe machine. TYPES OF LATHES Special purpose lathes - Gap lathe - Instrument lathe - Facing lathe - Flow turning lathe - Heavy duty lathe You can guess by the name, special purpose lathe machines are custom-tailored lathe machines to suit particular needs. They are mostly used for heavy-duty jobs, where regular lathes can’t be used, or using regular lathes can be costlier or time-consuming. TYPES OF LATHES There are hundreds of special-purpose lathe machines are available but here are some of the most popular ones: Hydraulic Quill Type Lathe Duplicating lathe machine Machines Missile lathe machine Planner Type Lathe Machine Duplex or tracer lathes Wheel lathe machine Gap bed lathe machine Crankshaft lathes machine T-lathe machine Multi-spindle lathe machine These are expensive machines and comes in all size and shapes. TYPES OF LATHES Turret Lathe - Turret lathe is the adaptation of the engine lathe where the tail stock is replaced by a turret slide(cylindrical or hexagonal). - Tool post of the engine lathe is replaced by a cross slide which can hold number of tools. TYPES OF LATHES Capstan lathe - These are similar to turret lathe with the difference that turret is not fixed but moves on an auxiliary slide. these are used for fast production of small parts. TYPES OF LATHES Automatic Lathe - A lathe in which the work piece is automatically fed without use of an operator. - It requires very less attention after the setup has been made and the machine loaded. TYPES OF LATHES Automatic Lathe ▪ CNC Lathe Machines are the most up- to-date lathe machines in terms of technology. ▪ They come with a modern computer numeric control system (CNC). You can use this control system to add a CAD/CAM program and after that, whenever you command the machine, it will start and perform the machining operation according to your program input. TYPES OF LATHES There are tons of features in CNC lathe machines, some important features are as below: It has an automatic tool change It can cheaply, and speedily perform system complex machining operations The accuracy of the finished job is Mass productions become fast with pretty darn better than any other this machine type of lathes It comes with a hydraulic chuck, The power consumption and which means it’s easy and fast to routine maintenance cost of this clamp workpieces. machine is higher Many people think that you don’t need special skills to operate this machine, however, no one should operate this machine without proper training, it is a very expensive machine, and with a new operator, the chances of an accident increase. TYPES OF LATHE MACHINE OPERATIONS Operating Conditions LATHE OPERATIONS Turning: to remove material from the outside diameter of a workpiece to obtain a finished surface. Facing: to produce a flat surface at the end of the workpiece or for making face grooves. Boring: to enlarge a hole or cylindrical cavity made by a previous process or to produce circular internal grooves. Drilling: to produce a hole on the work piece. Reaming: to finishing the drilled hole. Threading: to produce external or internal threads on the work piece. Knurling: to produce a regularly shaped roughness on the workpiece. LATHE OPERATIONS LATHE OPERATIONS LATHE OPERATIONS Excess Material is removed to reduce Diameter Cutting Tool: Turning Tool Work is held in either chuck or between centers. Longitudinal feed is given to the tool either by hand or power LATHE OPERATIONS machine end of job = Flat surface or to Reduce Length of Job Turning Tool Feed: in direction perpendicular to workpiece axis Length of Tool Travel = radius of workpiece Depth of Cut: in direction parallel to workpiece axis  LATHE OPERATIONS Produce rough textured surface For Decorative and/or Functional Purpose Knurling Tool ❑ A Forming Process ❑MRR~0 LATHE OPERATIONS Produces a Groove on workpiece Shape of tool - shape of groove Carried out using Grooving Tool - A form tool Also called Form Turning LATHE OPERATIONS Cutting workpiece into Two Similar to grooving Parting Tool Tool rides over – at slow feed Coolant use LATHE OPERATIONS Beveling sharp machined edges Similar to form turning Chamfering tool – 45° o Avoid Sharp Edges MakE o Assembly Easier o ImproveAesthetics LATHE OPERATIONS is a process of creating a hole on the workpiece having a certain Depth. Drilling tool LATHE OPERATIONS Methods Form Tool Swiveling Compound Rest Taper TurningAttachment Simultaneous Longitudinal and Cross Feeds LATHE OPERATIONS LATHE OPERATIONS LATHE OPERATIONS Thank you☺  Activity 1. Research, study and Create an Infographic about Cutting Tools in Lathe Operations 1. Overview of cutting tools and their significance in lathe machining 2. Types of cutting tools: turning tools, parting tools, threading tools 3. Tool Geometry and Nomenclature 4. Cutting Tool Materials and Coatings 5. Tool Wear and Failure Mechanisms 6. Tool Life and Optimization 7. Safety protocols for handling and changing cutting tools. To be submitted on or before April 4, 2024, in the folder "Activity 1" in our MSteams. File Name: Surname, Given Name MI.