BMS Anatomy Asynchronous Lecture 12 PDF

BMS Anatomy Asynchronous Lecture 12 Muscles of the Leg Presented By: Dr. M. Doroudi; [email protected] Boucher Campus) Moore's Clinically Oriented Anatomy, by Arthur F. Dalley II Ph.D. FAAA (Author), Anne M. R. Agur BSc (OT) MSc Ph.D. FAAA (Author), 9th ed. Lower Limb Chapter; Pages: 756 – 777 Dorsi...

BMS Anatomy Asynchronous Lecture 12 Muscles of the Leg Presented By: Dr. M. Doroudi; [email protected] Boucher Campus) Moore's Clinically Oriented Anatomy, by Arthur F. Dalley II Ph.D. FAAA (Author), Anne M. R. Agur BSc (OT) MSc Ph.D. FAAA (Author), 9th ed. Lower Limb Chapter; Pages: 756 – 777 Dorsi flexion, Extension of the toes, Inversion & Eversion (Deep Fibular Nerve) Leg Deep Fascia Flexion of the toes, plantar flexion & Inversion (Tibial Nerve) Plantar Flexion (Tibial Nerve) Eversion and plantar flexion (Superficial Fibular Nerve) Compartments of Leg Deep Fascia of the Foot (Retinacula) 4 Muscles Moving the Ankle joint, Foot, and Toes 5 The image is courtesy of Selah Clark Posterior Compartment of Leg (superficial) Gastrocnemius Ori: Medial head: – Medial condyle of femur Lateral head: – Lateral condyle of femur Ins: – Calcaneus via calcaneal (Achilles)tendon Gastrocnemius Fun: (2) 1.Plantar flex. of foot (ankle J.) 2.Flex. of leg (knee J.) N: Tibial Soleus Ori: –Soleal line of tibia. –Head of the fibula –Proximal posterior surface of body of fibula Ins: – Calcaneus via calcaneal (Achilles)tendon Soleus Fun: (1) 1.Plantar flexion of the foot (ankle J.) N: Tibial Gastrocnemius & Soleus Muscles Notes Triceps Surae Fabella Gastro & Soleus role in venous blood return; 2nd heart of the body DTR of S1 is calcaneal tendon Fabella Plantaris – Ori: Lower part of the lateral supracondylar ridge of femur. – Ins: Calcaneus via calcaneal (Achilles)tendon Plantaris Fun: (2) Plantar flex. of foot (ankle J.) Flex. of leg (Knee J.) N: Tibial Flexor hallucis longus Ori: Inferior 2/3 of posterior surface of fibula and interosseous membrane. Ins: Distal phalanx of big toe Flexor hallucis longus Fun: (3) 1.Flex. of big toe @ MTP & IP joints. 2.Plantar flexion of foot @ the ankle J. 3.Inversion of foot @ the subtalar J. N: Tibial Flexor digitorum longus –Ori: middle 1/3 of tibia Ins: Base of distal phalanges of toes 2-5 Flexor digitorum longus Fun: (3) 1.Flex. of toes #2-5 @ MTP and PIP & DIP joints. 2.Plantar flexion of foot @ ankle J. 3.Inversion of foot @ subtalar J. N: Tibial Tibialis posterior – Ori: –Proximal of posterior surface of tibia, fibula and interosseous membrane Ins: – 2nd & 3rd & 4th metatarsals – Navicular – All three cuneiforms – Cuboid – Calcaneus 22 Tibialis posterior – Fun: (2) 1.Plantar Flex. of foot @ ankle J. 2.Inversion of foot @ subtalar J. N: Tibial 24 Popliteus –Ori: –Lateral surface of lateral condyle of femur Ins: above the soleal line on the posterior tibia. 25 Popliteus Fun: (2) 1.Flex. of leg @ the knee J. 2.Med. Rot. of leg @ knee J. (to unlock the extended knee) N: Tibial 27 Popliteus Muscle Notes Popliteus role in un-locking the knee Popliteus acts on the lateral meniscus Arrangement of the Anatomical Structures Passing Behind the Medial Malleolus Mnemonic Tom Dick Harry Mnemonic Tom Dick And Very Nervous Harry Popliteal Fossa Muscles Moving the Ankle joint, Foot, and Toes 32 The image is courtesy of Selah Clark Anterior Compartment of Leg All the muscles in this compartment are innervated by the deep peroneal (fibular) N. Tibialis anterior –Ori: lateral condyle and upper 2/3 of lateral surface of tibia; and interosseous membrane. - Ins: 1st (medial) cuneiform Base of the 1st metatarsal 33 Tibialis anterior – Fun: (2) 1.Dorsiflexion of foot @ ankle J. (prime mover of DF) 2.Inversion of foot @ subtalar J. N: Deep Fibular (peroneal) 35 Extensor hallucis longus – Ori: middle 1/3 of anterior surface of fibula and interosseous membrane. – Ins: Base of distal phalanx of big toe – Extensor hallucis longus Fun: (3) 1.Ext. of big toe @ MTP and IP joints 2.Dorsiflexion of foot @ ankle J. 3.Inversion of foot @ subtalar J. N: Deep Fibular (peroneal) Extensor digitorum longus Ori: lateral condyle of tibia Proximal 2/3 of anterior surface of fibula interosseous membrane. Ins: Middle and distal phalanges of toes 2-5 (Via dorsal digital expansion) Extensor digitorum longus Fun: (3) 1.Ext. of toes # 2-5 @ MTP and IP joints 2.Dorsiflexion of foot @ ankle J. 3.Eversion of foot @ subtalar J. N: Deep Fibular (peroneal) Fibularis (peroneus ) tertius –Ori: Distal 1/3 of anterior surface of fibula and interosseous membrane –Ins: Base of the 5th metatarsal 42 Fibularis (peroneus ) tertius – Fun: (2) 1.Dorsiflexion of foot @ ankle J. 2.Eversion of foot @ subtalar J. N: Deep Fibular (peroneal) 44 Compartment Syndrome Compartment Syndrome 46 Drop Foot Lateral Compartment of the Leg Both muscles in this group are innervated by the superficial peroneal (fibular) N. Fibularis (Peroneus) longus – Ori: Head of fibula Proximal 1\2 of lateral surface of fibula. – Ins: Base of the 1st metatarsal 1st cuneiform Fibularis (Peroneus) longus – Fun: (2) 1.Eversion of foot @ subtalar J. 2.Plantar flexion of foot @ ankle J. N: Superficial Fibular (peroneal) Fibularis (Peroneus) brevis –Ori: Distal 1/2 of lateral surface of fibula –Ins: Tuberosity of the 5th metatarsal bone Fibularis (Peroneus) brevis –Fun: (2) 1.Eversion of foot @ subtalar J. 2.Plantar flexion of foot @ ankle J. N: Superficial Fibular (peroneal) Peroneal (Fibularis) Muscles Notes Peroneal (fibularis) muscles as a group, 1 in front of lateral malleolus, and two behind Their action at the ankle joint is different though!