Motivation Theory and Industrial (1)Teil3 PDF

○ Self-Regulation-Metacognition Theories: Motivational processes underlying goal-directed behaviors -> self-regulation is key ■ Carver & Scheier (1981): motivation = self-regulation Distal and Proximal Motivational Processes ● ● Distal and Proximal Theories: ○ Distal theories: indirect factors a...

○ Self-Regulation-Metacognition Theories: Motivational processes underlying goal-directed behaviors -> self-regulation is key ■ Carver & Scheier (1981): motivation = self-regulation Distal and Proximal Motivational Processes ● ● Distal and Proximal Theories: ○ Distal theories: indirect factors affecting goal choice and future effort (e.g. childhood experience) ○ Proximal theories: initiation and execution of actions during task engagement (e.g. current mood) Relationship between Theories: ○ Variables can have different effects in distal and proximal systems ○ Both necessary ■ Example: High self-confidence may enhance motivation in distal theories but negatively impact motivation in proximal theories Need-Motive-Value Approaches Motivational consequences of individual differences in needs, motives, and values ● Achievement Motive Theories: ○ Traditional theories view Success motive as single construct ○ Newer research investigates different types of goal-directed achievement motives ○ Nicholls proposes distinction between performance and learning motives ● Job Characteristics Theory: ○ Growth motives mediate task satisfaction and performance ○ Focus on identifying job characteristics and how the typical setup of a job influences emotional reactions Need Fulfillment Theories ● Maslow and Alderfer's need fulfillment theories: ○ Maslow: 5-tier hierarchy of needs (physiological, safety, belongingness, love, self-actualization) (Maslowsche Bedürfnishierarchie) ■ needs progress sequentially ○ Alderfer: 3 categories of needs (existence, relatedness, growth) ■ needs operate simultaneously, frustration may lead to re-emphasis of lower-level needs