Model Rules Under The Factories Act, 1948 PDF

FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF LABOUR AND EMPLOYMENT MODEL RULES UNDER THE FACTORIES ACT, 1948 (Corrected up to 15-12-2020) DIRECTORATE GENERAL FACTORY ADVICE SERVICE AND...

FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF LABOUR AND EMPLOYMENT MODEL RULES UNDER THE FACTORIES ACT, 1948 (Corrected up to 15-12-2020) DIRECTORATE GENERAL FACTORY ADVICE SERVICE AND LABOUR INSTITUTES MUMBAI - 400 022 1  CONTENTS MODEL FACTORIES RULES Rule Subject Page No. Chapter I – Preliminary 6 1. Short title, extent and commencement 6 2. Definitions 6 2A. Competent Person 6 3. Submission of Plans 12 4. Approval of Plans 12 5. Certificate of Stability 13 6. Application for registration & grant of licence 13 7. Grant of Licence 14 8. Renewal of licence 14 9. Amendment of licence 14 10. Transfer of licence 15 11. Procedure on death or disability of licensee 15 12. Loss of licence 15 13. Payment of fees 15 14. Prohibition of use of premises as factories without a valid license 15 15. Notice of occupation 15 16. Notice of change of Manager 15 16A. Guidelines, Instructions and Records 16 Chapter II - Inspecting Staff 16 17. Qualifications of an Inspector 16 18. Powers of an Inspector 16 19. Duties of Certifying Surgeon 16 Chapter III – Health 18 20. Record of whitewashing, etc 18 21. Cleanliness of walls and ceilings 18 22. Disposal of trade wastes and effluents 19 23. Ventilation and temperature 19 24. When artificial humidification not allowed 21 25. Provision of hygrometers 21 26. Exemption from maintenance of hygrometers 22 27. Copy of Schedule to rule 24 to be affixed near every hygrometer 22 28. Temperature to be recorded at each hygrometer 22 29. Specifications of hygrometer 22 30. Thermometer to be maintained in efficient order 22 31. Inaccurate thermometer not to be used without fresh certificate 23 32. Hygrometer not to be affixed to wall etc. unless protected by wood 23 33. No readings to be taken within 15 minutes of renewal of water 23 34. How to introduce steam for humidification 23 2  Rule Subject Page No. 35. Lighting of interior parts 23 36. Prevention of glare 24 37. Power of Chief Inspector to exempt 24 38. Quantity of drinking water 24 39. Source of supply 24 40. Means of supply 24 41. Cleanliness of well or reservoir 24 42. Report from Health Officer 24 43. Cooling of water 24 44. Latrine accommodation 25 45. Latrines to conform to public health requirements 25 46. Privacy of latrines 25 47. Sign boards to be displayed 25 48. Urinal accommodation 26 49. Urinals to conform to public health requirements 26 50. Certain latrines and urinals to be connected to sewage system 26 51. Whitewash, colour washing of latrines and urinals 26 52. Construction and maintenance of drains 26 53. Water taps in latrines 26 54. Number and location of spittoons 26 55. Type of spittoons 26 56. Cleaning of spittoons 26 Chapter IV - Safety 27 57. Further safety precautions 27 58. Register of workers employed for work on or near machinery in motion 40 59. Employment of young persons on dangerous machines 40 60. Hoists and lifts 40 61. Lifting machines, chains, ropes and lifting tackles 41 62. Pressure vessels or plant 42 63. Water sealed gas holder 46 64. Excessive weights 46 65. Protection of eyes 47 66. Minimum dimensions of manholes 48 67. Exemptions 48 68. Fire Protection 49 69. Safety Officers 57 70. Buildings and structures 58 71. Machinery and plant 58 72. Methods of work 58 73. Stacking and storing of materials, etc. 58 74. Ovens and driers 59 75. Shipbuilding and ship repairing 61 76. Reaction vessels and kettles 74 77. Examination of eye sight of certain workers 75 78. Railways in factories 75 79. Safety Committee 78 80. Personal Protective Equipments 79 81. x x x x x 80 82. Thermic fluid heaters 80 3 Rule Subject Page No. 82A. Site Appraisal Committee 81 82B. Health and Safety Policy 84 82C. Collection and Development and Dissemination of information 85 82D. Disclosure of information to workers 90 82E. Disclosure of information to general public 90 82F. Disclosure of information to the local authority 91 82G. Disclosure of information to District Emergency Authority 91 82H. Disclosure of information to the Chief Inspector 91 82 I. Emergency Plan 92 82 J. Disaster Control and Management Plan 92 82K. Information on Industrial Wastes 92 82L. Review of the information furnished to workers, etc. 92 82M. Confidentiality of Information 93 82N. Medical Examination 93 82O. Occupational Health Centres 94 82P. Ambulance Van 96 82Q. Decontamination facilities 97 82R. Making available health records to workers 97 82S. Qualification, etc. of supervisors 98 82T. Issue of Guidelines 98 Chapter V – Welfare 98 83. Washing facilities 98 84. Facilities for keeping clothing 99 85. First-aid appliances 99 86. Notice regarding first-aid 101 87. Ambulance room 101 88. Canteens 102 89. Dining Hall 103 90. Equipment 103 91. Prices to be charged 104 92. Accounts 104 93. Managing Committee 104 94. Annual medical examination 105 95. Shelters, rest rooms and lunch rooms 105 96. Creches 105 97. Washroom 106 98. Supply of milk and refreshment 106 99. Clothes for creche staff 106 100. Exemption from the provisions of creches 106 101. Welfare Officers 107 Chapter VI - Working Hours of Adults 109 102. Compensatory holidays 109 103. Muster roll for exempted workers 109 104. Notice of periods of work for adults 109 105. Register of adult workers 110 106. Persons defined to hold positions of supervisors or management 110 4 Rule Subject Page No. 107. Persons defined to hold confidential positions 110 108. List to be maintained of persons holding confidential positions or position of supervision or management 110 109. Exemption of certain adult workers 110 Chapter VII - Employment of young persons 115 110. Notice of periods of work for children 115 111. Register of child workers 115 Chapter VIII - Leave with wages 115 112. Register of leave with wages 115 113. Leave Book 115 114. Medical certificate 115 115. Notice to Inspector of involuntary unemployment 115 116. Notice by worker 115 117. Notice of leave with wages 116 118. Payment of wages if the worker dies 116 119. Register to be maintained in case of exemption under Section 84 116 Chapter IX - Special Provisions 116 120. Dangerous manufacturing processes or operations 116 121. Notification of accidents and dangerous occurrences 206 122. Notice of poisoning or disease 208 Chapter X – Supplemental 208 123. Procedure in appeals 208 124. Display of notices 208 125. Returns 209 126. Service of notices 209 127. Information required by the Inspector 209 128. Permissible levels of certain chemical substances in work environment 209 129. Muster roll 215 130. Register of accidents and dangerous occurrences 215 131. Maintenance of Inspection book 215 132. Information regarding closure of factories 215 Forms 216 – 257 5  MODEL RULES UNDER THE FACTORIES ACT, 1948 CHAPTER I: PRELIMINARY 1. Short title, extent and commencement.- (1) These rules may be cited as the...................... Factories Rules, 19..... (2) These rules shall extend to..................................... 2. Definitions.- In these rules unless there is anything repugnant in the subject or context- (a) “Act” means the Factories Act, 1948; (b) “appendix” means an appendix appended to these rules; (c) “artificial humidification” means the introduction of moisture into the air of a room by any artificial means whatsoever, except the unavoidable escape of steam or water vapour into the atmosphere directly due to a manufacturing process: Provided that the introduction of air directly from outside through moistened mats or screens placed in openings at times when the temperature of the room is 26.5 degrees centigrade or more, shall not be deemed to be artificial humidification; (d) “belt” includes any driving strap or rope; (e) “degrees” (of temperature) means degrees on the centigrade scale; (f) “District Magistrate” includes such other official as may be appointed by the State Government in that behalf; (g) “fume” includes gas or vapour; (h) “Health Officer” means the Municipal Health Officer or District Health Officer or such other official as may be appointed by the State Government in that behalf; (i) “Hygrometer” means an accurate wet and dry bulb hygrometer conforming to the prescribed conditions as regards construction and maintenance; (j) x x x x x x x (k) “maintained” means maintained in an efficient state, in efficient working order and in good repair; and (l) “manager” means the person responsible to the occupier for the working of the factory for the purpose of the Act. Rule 2A: COMPETENT PERSON Rules prescribed under Section 2A Clause 2(ca) and Section 112 (1) The Chief Inspector may recognise any person as a ‘competent person’ within such area and for such period as may be specified for the purposes of carrying out tests, examinations, inspections and certification for such buildings, dangerous machinery, hoists and lifts, lifting machines and lifting tackles, pressure plant, confined space, ventilation system and such other process or plant and equipment as stipulated in the Act and the Rules made thereunder, located in a factory, if such a person possesses the qualifications, experience and other requirements as set out in the schedule annexed to this Rule. Provided that the Chief Inspector may relax the requirements of qualifications in respect of a ‘competent person’ concurrence of the State Government shall be taken and such a person after being so recognised, shall not have powers of an ‘Inspector’. Provided further that the ‘competent person’ recognised under this provision shall not be above the age of 62 and shall be physically fit for the purpose of carrying out the tests, examinations and inspections. 6 (2) The Chief Inspector may recognise an institution of repute, having persons possessing qualifications and experience as set out in the schedule annexed to sub-rule (1) for the purpose of carrying out tests, examinations, inspections and certification for buildings, dangerous machinery, hoists and lifts, lifting machines and lifting tackles, pressure plant, confined space, ventilation system and such other process or plant and equipment as stipulated in the Act and the Rules made thereunder, as a ‘competent person’ within such area and for such period as may be specified. (3) The Chief Inspector on receipt of an application in the prescribed form from a person or an institution intending to be recognised as a ‘competent person’ for the purposes of this Act and the Rules made thereunder, shall register such application and within a period of sixty days of the date of receipt of application, either after having satisfied himself as regards competence and facilities available at the disposal of the applicant recognise the applicant as a ‘competent person’ and issue a certificate of competency in the prescribed form or reject the application specifying the reasons therefore. (4) The Chief Inspector may, after giving an opportunity to the competent person of being heard, revoke the certificate of competency …………. (i) if he has reason to believe that a competent person (a) has violated any condition stipulated in the certificate of competency; or (b) has carried out a test, examination and inspection or has acted in a manner inconsistent with the intent or the purpose of this Act or the Rules made thereunder; or has omitted to act as required under the Act and the Rules made thereunder; or (ii) for any other reason to be recorded in writing. Explanation: For the purpose of this Rule, an institution includes an organisation. (5) The Chief Inspector may, for reasons to be recorded in writing, require recertification of lifting machines, lifting tackles, pressure plant or ventilation system, as the case may be, which has been certified by a competent person outside the State. Form of Application for grant of Certificate of Competency to a person under sub-rule (I) of 2A. 1. Name 2. Date of Birth 3. Name of the Organisation (if not self-employed) 4. Designation 5. Educational qualification (copies of testimonials to be attached) 6. Details of professional experience (in chronological order) Name of the Organisation Period of Service Designation Area of Responsibility 7. Membership, if any, of professional bodies 8. (i) Details of facilities (examination, testing, etc.) at his disposal (ii) Arrangements for calibrating and maintaining the accuracy of these facilities 9. Purpose for which Competency Certificate is sought (section or sections of the Act should be stated) 10. Whether the applicant has been declared as a competent person under any statute (if so, the details) 11. Any other relevant information 12. Declaration by the applicant 7  I, …………………., hereby declare that the information furnished above is true. I undertake (a) that in the event of any change in the facilities at my disposal (either addition or deletion) or my leaving the aforesaid organisation, I will promptly inform the Chief Inspector; (b) to maintain the facilities in good working order, calibrated periodically as per manufacturers instructions or as per National Standards; and (c) to fulfill and abide by all the conditions stipulated in the certificate of competency and instructions issued by the Chief Inspector from time to time. Place & Date Signature of the applicant : Declaration by the Institution (if employed) I, …………………., certify that Shri …………………… whose details are furnished above, is in our employment and nominate him on behalf of the organisation for the purposes of being declared as a competent person under the Act. I also undertake that I will. (a) notify the Chief Inspector in case the competent person leaves our employment; (b) provide and maintain in good order all facilities at his disposal as mentioned above; (c) notify the Chief Inspector any change in the facilities (either addition or deletion); Signature Designation Telephone No. Official Seal Date: Form of Application for grant of Certificate of Competency to an Institution under sub-rule (2) of Rule 2A. 1. Name and full address of the Organisation 2. Organisation’s status (specify whether Government, Autonomous, Co-operative, Corporate or Private) 3. Purpose for which Competency Certificate is sought (specify Section(s) of the Act) 4. Whether the Organisation has been declared as a competent person under this or any other statute. If so, give details. 5. Particulars of persons employed and possessing qualification and experience as set out in Schedule annexed to sub-rule (1) of Rule 2A. S.No. Name and Designation Qualifications Experience Section(s) and the Rules under which Competency is sought for. 1. 2. 6. Details of facilities (relevant to item 3 above) and arrangements made for their maintenance and arrangements made for their maintenance and periodic calibration. 7. Any other relevant information. 8. Declaration: I, …………………….. hereby, on behalf of …………………. Certify the details furnished above are correct to 8  the best of my knowledge. I undertake to ---- (i) maintain the facilities in good working order, calibrated periodically as per manufacturers instructions or as per National Standards; and (ii) to fulfill and abide by all the conditions stipulated in the certificate of competency and instructions issued by the Chief Inspector from time to time. Signature of Head of the Institution or of the persons authorised to sign on his behalf. Designation Place & Date Form of Certificate of Competency issued to a person or an institution in pursuance to Rule 2A made under Section 2(ca) read with Section ……………………. I, ……………………., in exercise of the powers conferred on me under Section 2(ca) of the Factories Act and the Rules made thereunder, hereby recognise ……………………….. (Name of the Institution) or Shri ………………………… (Name of the person) employed in …………………….……….. (Name of the Institution) to be a competent person for the purpose of carrying out tests, examinations, inspections and certification for such buildings, dangerous machinery, lifts and hoists, lifting machines and lifting tackles, pressure plants, confined space, ventilation system and process or plant and equipment as the case may be, used in a factory located in …………….. under Section …………….. and the Rules made thereunder. * (i) Strike out the words not applicable. This certificate is valid from ……………..to ……………………. This certificate is issued subject to the conditions stipulated hereunder: - (ii) Tests, examinations and inspections shall be carried out in accordance with the provisions of the Act and the Rules made thereunder; (iii) Tests, examination and inspections shall be carried out under direct supervision of the competent person or by a person so authorised by an institution recognised to be a competent person. (iv) The certificate of competency issued in favour of a person shall stand cancelled if the person leaves the organisation mentioned in his application; (v) The institution recognised as a competent person shall keep the Chief Inspector informed of the names, designations and qualifications of the persons authorised by it to carry out tests, examinations and inspections. (vi) ………………………………….. (vii) ………………………………….. Station Official Seal Signature of the Chief Inspector Date NOTE: A separate certificate should be issued under each relevant Section. A person or an institution may be recognised competent for the purpose of more than one Section of the Act. SCHEDULE S.No. Section or Rules Qualification Experience for the purpose Facilities at his under which required command competency is recognised 1. Rules made under Degree in Civil i) A minimum of 10 years experience in Section 6 and or Structural the design of construction or testing 9  Section 112 – Engineering; or or repairs of structures; Certificate of equivalent ii) Knowledge of non-destructive stability for testing, various codes of practices buildings that are current and the effect of the vibrations and natural forces on the stability of the building; and iii) Ability to arrive at a reliable conclusion with regard to the safety of the structure or the building. 2. Rules made under Degree in (i) a minimum of 7 years experience in- Guages for Section 21(2) – Electrical or a) design or operation or maintenance; measurement; “Dangerous Mechanical or or instruments for Machines” Textile b) testing, examination and inspection measurement of Engineering or of relevant machinery, their guards, speed and any other equivalent. safety devices and appliances. equipment or device (ii) he shall – to determine the a) be conversant with safety devices safety in the use of and their proper functioning; the dangerous b) be able to identify defects and any machines. other cause loading to failure; and c) have ability to arrive at a reliable conclusion with regard to the proper functioning of safety device and appliance and machine guard. 3. Section 28 – Lifts A degree in (i) A minimum experience of 7 years Facilities for load and Hoists Electrical and /or in- testing, tensile Mechanical (a) design or erection or maintenance; testing, guages Engineering or or equipment/ gadgets the equivalent (b) inspection and test procedures of for measurement and lifts and hoists; any other equipment (ii) He shall be – required for (a) Conversant with relevant codes of determining the safe practices and test procedures that working conditions are current; of Hoists and Lifts. (b) Conversant with other statutory requirements conversing the safety of the Hoists and Lifts; (c) able to identify defects and arrive at a reliable conclusion with regard to the safety of Hoists and Lifts. 4. Section 29 – Degree in (i) A minimum experience of 7 years Facilities for load Lifting Machinery Mechanical or in- testing, tensile and Lifting Tackles Electrical or (a) design or erection or maintenance; testing, heat Metallurgical or treatment, Engineering or (b) testing, examination and inspection, equipment/gadget its equivalent of lifting machinery, chains, ropes for measurement, and lifting tackles. gauges and such (ii) He shall be – other equipment to (a) Conversant with the relevant codes determine the safe of practices and test procedures that working conditions are current; of the lifting machinery tackle. (b) Conversant with fracture mechanics 10  and metallurgy of the material of construction; (c) Conversant with heat treatment/ stress relieving techniques as applicable to stress bearing components and parts of lifting machinery and lifting tackles; (d) capable of identifying defects and arriving at a reliable conclusion with regard to the safety of lifting machinery, chains, ropes, and lifting tackles. Section 31 – Degree in (i) A minimum experience of 10 years Facilities for ‘Pressure Plant’ Chemical or in carrying out Electrical or (a) design or erection or maintenance, hydraulic test, non- Metallurgical or or destructive test, Mechanical (b) testing, examination and inspection gauges equipment/ Engineering or of pressure plants. gadgets for its equivalent. (ii) He shall be – measurement and (a) Conversant with the relevant codes any other equipment of practices and test procedures or gauges to relating to pressure vessels; determine the safety (b) Conversant with statutory in use of pressure requirements concerning the safety vessels. of unfired pressure vessels and equipment operating under pressure; (c) Conversant with non-destructive testing techniques as are applicable to pressure vessels; (d) able to identify defects and arrive at a reliable conclusion with regard to the safety of pressure plants. 5. (i) Section 36- Master’s degree (i) a minimum of 7 years in collection Meters, instruments Precautions in Chemistry, or and analysis of environmental and devices duly against a degree in samples and calibration of calibrated and dangerous Chemical monitoring equipment; certified for carrying fumes Engineering. (ii) He shall – out the tests and (a) be conversant with the hazardous certification of (ii) Rules made properties of chemicals and their safety in working in under Sections permissible limit values; confined spaces. 41 & 112 (b) be conversant with the current concerning techniques of sampling and analysis ship-building of the environmental contaminants; and ship and repairs. (c) be able to arrive at a reliable (iii) Handling and conclusion as regards the safety in processing of respect of entering and carrying out asbestos. hot work. (iv) Manufacture of Rayon by 11  viscose process. (v) Foundry operations. 6. Ventilation systems Degree in (i) A minimum of 7 years in the design, Facilities for testing as required under Mechanical or fabrication, installation, testing of the ventilation various Schedules Electrical ventilation system and systems used system, instruments framed under Engineering or for extraction and collection of and gauges for Section 87, such as equivalent. dusts, fumes and vapours and other testing the Schedules on – ancillary equipment. effectiveness of the  Grinding (ii) He shall be conversant with relevant extraction systems or glazing codes of practice and tests for dusts, vapours or metals procedures that are current in and fumes, and any and respect of ventilation and a traction other equipment processes system for fumes, and shall be able needed for and to arrive at a reliable conclusion determining the incidental with regard to effectiveness of the efficiency and thereto, system. adequacy of these (ii) Cleaning or systems. He shall smoothing, have the assistance roughening, etc. of of a suitable articles, by a jet qualified technical sand, metal shot, or person who can grit, or other come to a reasonable abrasive propelled conclusion as to the by a blast of adequacy of the compressed air of system. steam. Rules 3 to 13 prescribed under sub-section (1) of section 6. 3. Submission of plans.- The State Government or the Chief Inspector of Factories may require, for the purposes of the Act, submission of plans of any factory which was either in existence on the date of commencement of the Act or which has not been constructed or extended since then. Such plans shall be drawn to the scale showing - (a) the site of the factory and immediate surroundings including adjacent buildings and other structure, roads, drains, etc.; (b) the plan, elevation and necessary cross sections of the factory buildings indicating all relevant details relating to natural lighting, ventilation and means of escape in case of fire, and the position of the plant and machinery, aisles and passageways; and (c) such other particulars as the State Government or the Chief Inspector, as the case may be, may require. 4. Approval of plans. (1) No site shall be used for the location of a factory or no building in a factory be constructed, reconstructed, extended or taken into use as a factory or part of a factory, or any other extension of plant or machinery carried out in a factory unless previous permission in writing is obtained from the State Government or the Chief Inspector. (2) Application for such permission shall be made in Form 1 which shall be accompanied by the following documents:- (a) a flow chart of the manufacturing process supplemented by a brief description of the process in its various stages; 12  (b) plans, in duplicate, drawn to scale showing - (i) the site of the factory and immediate surroundings including adjacent building and other structures, roads, drains, etc.; and (ii) the plan, elevation and necessary cross-sections of the various buildings indicating all relevant details relating to natural lighting, ventilation and means of escape in case of fire. The plans shall also clearly indicate the position of the plant and machinery, aisles and passageways; and (c) such other particulars as the Chief Inspector may require. (3) If the Chief Inspector is satisfied that the plans are in consonance with the requirements of the Act he shall, subject to such conditions as he may specify, approve then by signing and returning to the applicant one copy of each plan; or he may call for such other particulars as he may require to enable such approval to be given. 5. Certificate of Stability.- (1) No manufacturing process shall be carried on in any building of a factory constructed, reconstructed or extended, or in any building which has been taken into use as a factory or part of a factory until a certificate of stability in respect of that building in the form given below has been sent by the occupier or manager of the factory to the Chief Inspector, and accepted by him. Form of Certificate of Stability 1. Name of the factory...................................... 2. Village, town and district in which the factory is situated...................................... 3. Full postal address of the factory...................................... 4. Name of the occupier of the factory...................................... 5. Nature of manufacturing process to be carried on in the factory...................................... 6. Number of floors on which workers will be employed...................................... I certify that I have inspected the building/buildings, the plans of which have been approved by the Chief Inspector in his letter No................ dated......... and examined the various parts including the foundations with special reference to the machine, plant etc., that have been installed. I am of the opinion that the building/buildings which has/have been constructed/reconstructed/extended/taken into use is/are in accordance with the plans approved by the Chief Inspector in his letter mentioned above, that it is/they are structurally sound and that its/their stability will not be endangered by its/their use as factory/part of a factory for the manufacture of.......... for which the machinery, plant, etc. installed are intended. Signature.............................. Qualifications......................... Address............................... Date................................. If employed by a company or association, ) name and address of the company or ) association ) (2) The Certificate of Stability referred to in sub-rule (1) shall be signed by a competent person. 6. Applications for registration and grant of licence.- The occupier of every factory shall submit to the Chief Inspector an application in triplicate in Form 2 for the registration of the factory and grant of a licence : 13  Provided that the occupier of premises in use as a factory on the date of the commencement of these rules shall submit such application within 30 days from the date of commencement of these rules. 7. Grant of licence.- (1) A licence to work a factory may be granted by the Chief Inspector in Form 3 prescribed for the purpose and on payment of the fees specified in the schedule hereto. Provided that, where the Chief Inspector refused to grant or renew a licence, he shall record in writing the reasons for such refusal and communicate the same to the occupier. (2) Every licence granted under this chapter shall remain in force upto the 31st of December of the year for which the licence is granted. SCHEDULE ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Kilowatts Maximum number of persons to be employed on any day installed during the year (Maximum ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Kilowatts) 20 50 100 | | | | | | | | ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Rs Rs Rs Rs Rs Rs Rs Nil 10 50 100........ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 8. Renewal of licence.- (1) A licence may be renewed by the Chief Inspector. (2) Every application for the renewal of a licence shall be in Form 2, in duplicate, and shall be made not less than two months before the date on which the licence expires, and, if the application is so made, the premises shall be held to be duly licenced until such date as the Chief Inspector renews the licence. (3) The same fee shall be charged for the renewal of a licence as for the grant thereof : Provided that if the application for renewal is not received within the time specified in sub-rule (2), the licence shall be renewed only on payment of a fee 25 percent in excess of the fee ordinarily payable for the licence. (4) Every licence renewed under this rule shall remain in force upto the 31st December of the year for which the licence is renewed. 9. Amendment of licence.- (1) A licence granted under rule 7 or renewed under rule 7 may be amended by the Chief Inspector. (2) A licensee who desires to have his licence amended shall submit it to the Chief Inspector with an application stating the nature of the amendment and reasons therefor. (3)The fee for the amendment of a licence shall be...... rupees plus the amount (if any) by which the fee that would have been payable if the licence had originally been issued in the amended form, exceeds the fee originally paid for the licence: Provided that no amendment fee shall be payable when the amendments are proposed simultaneously with the application for the renewal of the licence; 14  Provided further that the occupier of premises in use as a factory on the date of the commencement of these rules shall submit such application within 30 days from the date of the commencement of these rules. 10. Transfer of licence.- (1) The holder of a licence may, at any time before the expiry of the licence, apply for permission to transfer his licence to another person. (2) Such application shall be made to the Chief Inspector who shall, if he approves of the transfer, enter upon the licence, under his signature, an endorsement to the effect that the licence has been transferred to the person named. (3) A fee of...... rupees shall be charged on each such application. 11. Procedure on death or disability of licensee.- If a licensee dies or becomes insolvent, the person carrying on the business of such licensee shall not be liable to any penalty under the Act for exercising the powers granted to the licensee by the licence during such time as may reasonably be required to allow him to make an application for the amendment of the licence under rule 9 in his own name for the unexpired portion of the original licence. 12. Loss of licence.- Where a licence granted under these rules is lost or accidentally destroyed, a duplicate may be granted on payment of a fee of rupees....... 13. Payment of fees.- (1) Every application under these rules shall be accompanied by a treasury receipt showing that the appropriate fee has been paid into the local treasury, under the head of account............................................: Provided that the appropriate fee may alternatively be paid by a crossed cheque or a bank draft on any nationalised bank or by a postal order drawn in favour of the Chief Inspector. (2) If an application for the grant, renewal or amendment of licence is rejected, the fee paid shall be refunded to the applicant. 14. Prohibition of use of premises as factory without a valid licence.- An occupier shall not use any premises as a factory or carry on any manufacturing process in a factory unless a licence has been issued in respect of such premises and is in force for the time being : Provided that if a valid application for grant of licence or renewal of licence has been submitted and the required fee has been paid the premises shall be deemed to be fully licenced until such date as the Chief Inspector grants or renews the licence or refuse in writing to grant or renew the licence. Form prescribed under sub-section (1) of Section 7 15. Notice of occupation.- The notice of occupation shall be in Form 2. Form prescribed under sub-section (4) of Section 7 and Section 112 16. Notice of change of manager.- The notice of change of manager shall be in Form 4. 15 Rule 16A: GUIDELINES, INSTRUCTIONS AND RECORDS (1) Without prejudice to the general responsibility of the occupier to comply with the provisions of Section 7(A), the Chief Inspector may, from time to time, issue guidelines and instructions regarding the general duties of the occupier relating to health, safety and welfare of all workers while they are at work in the factory. (2) The occupier shall maintain such records, as may be prescribed by the Chief Inspector, in respect of monitoring of working environment in the factory. CHAPTER II : Inspecting Staff Rules prescribed under sub-section (1) of Section 8 17. Qualifications of an Inspector.- No person shall be appointed as an Inspector for the purpose of the Act unless he possesses the qualifications as hereunder :- (a) he must not be less than 23 years or more than 35 years of age; (b) he must have – (i) had a good general education up to the pre-degree standard of a recognised university; (ii) secured a degree, or diploma equivalent to a degree of a recognised university, in any branch of engineering, technology or medicine and preferably with practical experience of at least two years in a workshop or a manufacturing concern of good standing and in the case of Medical Inspector an experience of at least two years in a public hospital or factory medical department or alternatively a diploma in Industrial Medicine; and (c) where for a particular post special knowledge, to deal with special problems, is required, the Government may, in addition to the basic qualifications, prescribe appropriate qualifications for such a post. Rules prescribed under Section 9 18. Powers of Inspectors.- An Inspector shall, for the purpose of the execution of the Act, have power to do all or any of the following things, that is to say – (a) to photograph any worker, to inspect, examine, measure, copy, photograph, sketch or test, as the case may be, any building or room, any plant, machinery, appliance or apparatus, any register or document, or anything provided for the purpose of securing the health, safety or welfare of the workers employed in a factory; (b) in the case of an Inspector who is a duly qualified medical practitioner, to carry out such medical examinations as may be necessary for the purposes of his duties under the Act; and (c) to prosecute, conduct or defend before a Court any complaint or other proceeding arising under the Act or in discharge of his duties as an Inspector. Rules prescribed under sub-section (4) of section 10 19. Duties of Certifying Surgeon.- (1) For the purpose of the examination and certification of young persons who wish to obtain certificates of fitness, the Certifying Surgeon shall arrange a suitable time and place for the attendance of such persons, and shall give previous notice in writing of such arrangements to the manager of factories situated within the local limit assigned to him. (2) The Certifying Surgeon shall issue his certificates in Form 5. The foil and counterfoil shall be filled in and the signature or the left thumb impression of the person in whose name the certificate is granted shall be taken on them. On being satisfied as to the correctness of the entries made therein and of the fitness of the 16  person examined, he shall sign the foil and initial the counterfoil and shall deliver the foil to the person in whose name the certificate is granted. The foil so delivered shall be the certificate of fitness granted under section 69. All counterfoils shall be kept by the Certifying Surgeon for a period of at least 2 years after the issue of the certificate. (3) The Certifying Surgeon shall, upon request by the Chief Inspector, carry out such examination and furnish him with such report as he may indicate, for any factory or class or description of factories where- (a) cases of illness have occurred which it is reasonable to believe are due to the nature of the manufacturing process carried on, or other conditions of work prevailing therein; or (b) by reason of any change in the manufacturing process carried on, or in the substances used therein, or by reason of the adoption of any new manufacturing process or of any new substance for use in a manufacturing process, there is a likelihood of injury to the health of workers employed in that manufacturing process; or (c) young persons are, or are about to be, employed in any work which is likely to cause injury to their health. (4) For the purpose of the examination of persons employed in processing covered by the rules relating to dangerous operations, the Certifying Surgeon shall visit the factories within the local limits assigned to him at such intervals as are prescribed by the rules relating to such dangerous operations. (5) At such visits, the Certifying Surgeon after examining a worker, shall issue a Certificate of Fitness in Form 23. The record of examination and re-examinations carried out shall be kept in the custody of the manager of the factory. The record of each examination carried out under sub-paragraphs (1) and (2), including the nature and the results of the tests, shall also be entered by the Certifying Surgeon in a health register in Form 24. (6) If the Certifying Surgeon finds as a result of his examination that any person employed in such process is no longer fit for medical reasons to work in that process, he shall suspend such person from working in that process for such time as he may think fit and no person after suspension shall be employed in that process without the written sanction of the Certifying Surgeon in the health register. (7) The manager of a factory shall afford to the Certifying Surgeon facilities to inspect any process in which any person is employed or is likely to be employed. (8) The manager of a factory shall provide for the purpose of any medical examination which the Certifying Surgeon wishes to conduct at the factory (for his exclusive use on the occasion of an examination) a room which shall be properly cleaned and adequately ventilated and lighted and furnished with a screen, a table (with writing materials) and chairs. 17 CHAPTER III Health Register prescribed under sub-section (1) of section 11 20. Record of whitewashing, etc.- The record of dates on which white washing, colourwashing, varnishing, etc. are carried out shall be entered in a register maintained in Form 7. Exemptions under sub-section (2) of section 11 21. Cleanliness of walls and ceilings.- (1) Clause (d) of sub-section (1) of section 11 of the Act shall not apply to the class or description of factories or parts of factories specified in the schedule hereto : Provided that they are kept in a clean state by washing, sweeping, brushing, dusting, vacuum cleaning or other effective means. Provided further that they are kept in a clean state by washing, sweeping, brushing, dusting, vacuum cleaning or other effective means. Provided further that the said clause (d) shall continue to apply - (a) as respects factories or parts of factories specified in part A of the said schedule, to workrooms in which the amount of cubic space allowed for every person employed in the room is less than 14.2 cubic meters; (b) as respects factories or parts of factories specified in part B of the said schedule, to workrooms in which the amount of cubic space allowed for every person employed in the room is less than 70.8 cubic meters; (c) to engine-houses, fitting shops, lunchrooms, canteens, shelters, creches, cloakrooms, restrooms and wash places; and (d) to such parts of walls, sides and tops of passages and staircases as are less than 6 meters above the floor or stair. (1) If it appears to the Chief Inspector that any part of a factory, to which by virtue of sub-rule (1) any of the provisions of the said clause (d) do not apply, or apply as varied by sub-rule (1), is not being kept in a clean state, he may, by written notice, require the occupier to whitewash or colourwash, wash, paint or varnish the same, and in the event of the occupier failing to comply with such requisition within two months from the date of the notice, sub- rule (1) shall cease to apply to such part of a factory, unless the Chief Inspector otherwise determines. SCHEDULE Part A 1. Blast furnaces. 2. Brick and tile works in which unglazed bricks or tiles are made. 3. Cement Works. 4. Chemical works. 5. Copper mills. 6. Gas works. 7. Iron and Steel mills. 8. Stone, slate and marble works. 9. The following parts of factories :- (a) Rooms used only for the storage of articles. (b) Rooms in which the walls or ceilings consist of galvanised iron, glazed bricks, glass, slate, asbestos, bamboo or thatch. (c) Parts in which dense steam is continuously evolved in the process. (d) Parts in which pitch, tar or like material is manufactured or is used to a substantial extent, except in brush works. (e) Parts of a glass factory known as glass house. (f) Rooms in which graphite is manufactured or is used to a substantial extent in any process. (g) Parts in which coal, coke, oxide of iron, ochre, lime or stone is crushed or ground. 18  (h) Parts of walls, partitions, ceilings or tops of rooms which are at least 6 meters above the floor. (i) Ceilings or tops of rooms in print works, bleach works or dye works, with the exception of finishing rooms or warehouses. (j) Inside walls of oil mills below a height of 1.5 meters from the ground floor level. (k) Inside walls in tanneries below a height of 1.5 meters from the ground floor level where a wet process is carried on. Part B 1. Coach and motor body works. 2. Electric generating or transforming stations. 3. Engineering works. 4. Factories in which sugar is refined or manufactured. 5. Foundries other than foundries in which brass casting is carried on. 6. Gun factories. 7. Shipbuilding works. 8. Those parts of factories where unpainted or unvarnished wood is manufactured. Rules prescribed under sub-section (2) of Section 12 22. Disposal of Trade Wastes and Effluents.- The arrangements made in every factory for the treatment of wastes and effluents due to the manufacturing processes carried on therein shall be in accordance with those approved by the relevant Water and Air Pollution Boards appointed under the Water (Prevention & Control of Pollution) Act, 1974 and the Air (Prevention & Control Of Pollution) Act, 1981 and other appropriate authorities. Rules prescribed under section 13 23. Ventilation and temperature.- (1) Limits of temperature and air movement.- In any factory the maximum wet-bulb temperature of air in a workroom at a height of 1.5 meters above the floor level shall not exceed 30 degrees centigrade and adequate air movement of at least 30 meters per minute shall be provided; and in relation to dry- bulb temperature, the wet-bulb temperature in the workroom at the said height shall not exceed that shown in the schedule annexed hereto, or as regards a dry-bulb reading intermediate between the two dry-bulb readings that specified in relation to the higher of these two dry-bulb readings : SCHEDULE Dry-bulb Temperature Wet-bulb temperature o 30 to 34 C 29oC 35 to 39oC 28.5oC 40 to 44oC 28oC 45 to 47oC 27.5oC Provided that if the temperature measured with a thermometer inserted in a hollow globe of 15 centimetres diameter coated mat black outside and kept in the environment for not less than 20 minutes exceeds the dry-bulb temperature of the air, the temperature so recorded by the globe thermometer shall be taken in place of the dry- bulb temperature. Provided further that when the reading of the wet-bulb temperature outside in the shade exceeds 27 degrees centigrade, the value of the wet-bulb temperature allowed in the schedule for a given dry-bulb temperature may be correspondingly exceeded to the same extent. Provided further that this requirement shall not apply in respect of factories covered by section 15 and in respect of factories where the nature of work carried on involves production of excessively high temperatures referred to in clause (ii) of sub-section (1) to which workers are exposed for short periods of time 19 not exceeding one hour followed by an interval of sufficient duration in thermal environments not exceeding those otherwise laid down in this rule. Provided further that the Chief Inspector, having due regard to the health of the workers, may in special and exceptional circumstances, by an order in writing exempt any factory or part of a factory from the foregoing requirement, in so far as restricting the thermal conditions within the limits laid down in the schedule are concerned, to the extent that he may consider necessary subject to such conditions as he may specify. (2) Provision of thermometers.- (a) If it appears to the Inspector that in any factory, the temperature of air in a workroom is sufficiently high and is likely to exceed the limits prescribed in sub-rule (1), he may serve on the manager of the factory an order requiring him to provide sufficient number of whirling hygrometers or any other type of hygrometers and direct that the dry-bulb and wet-bulb readings in each such workroom shall be recorded at such positions as approved by the Inspector twice during each working shift by a person especially nominated for the purpose by the manager and approved by the Inspector. b) If the Inspector has reason to believe that a substantial amount of heat is added inside the environment of a workroom by radiation from walls, roof or other solid surroundings, he may serve on the manager of the factory an order requiring him to provide one or more globe thermometers referred to in the first proviso in sub-rule (1) and further requiring him to place the globe thermometers at places specified by him and keep a record of the temperatures in a suitable register. (3) Ventilation.- (a) In every factory the amount of ventilating openings in a work-room below the eaves shall, except where mechanical means of ventilation as required by clause (b) below are provided, be of an aggregate area of not less than 15% of the floor area and so located as to afford a continued supply of fresh air: Provided that the Chief Inspector may relax the requirements regarding the amount of ventilating openings if he is satisfied that having regard to the location of the factory, orientation of the workroom, prevailing winds, roof height and the nature of manufacturing process carried on, sufficient supply of fresh air into the workroom is afforded during most part of the working time. Provided further that this requirement shall not apply in respect of workrooms of factories – (i) covered by section 15; or (ii) in which temperature and humidity are controlled by refrigeration. (b) Where in any factory owing to special circumstances such as situation with respect to adjacent buildings and height of the buildings with respect to floor space, the requirements of ventilation openings under clause (a) of this sub-rule cannot be complied with or in the opinion of the Inspector the temperature of air in a workroom is sufficiently high and is likely to exceed the limits prescribed in sub-rule (1) he may serve on the manager of the factory an order requiring him to provide additional ventilation either by means of roof ventilators or by mechanical means. (c) The amount of fresh air supplied by mechanical means of ventilation in an hour shall be equivalent to at least six times the cubic capacity of the workroom and shall be distributed evenly throughout the workroom without dead air-pockets or undue draughts caused by high inlet velocities. (d) In the regions where in summer (15th March-15th July) dry-bulb temperatures of outside air in the shade during most part of the day exceed 35 degrees centigrade and simultaneous wet-bulb temperatures are 25 degrees centigrade or below and in the opinion of the Inspector the manufacturing process carried on in the workroom of a factory permits thermal environments with relative humidity of 50% or more, the Inspector may serve on the manager of the factory an order to have sufficient supply of outside air for ventilation cooled by passing it through water sprays either by means of unit type of evaporative air 20  coolers (desert coolers) or, where supply of outside air is provided by mechanical means through ducts in a plenum system, by means of central air washing plants. Rules 24 to 34 prescribed under sub-section (1) of section 15 24. When artificial humidification not allowed.- There shall be no artificial humidification in any room of a cotton spinning or weaving factory – (a) By the use of steam during any period when the dry-bulb temperature of that room exceeds 29.5 degrees centigrade; and (b) at any time when the wet-bulb reading of the hygrometer is higher than that specified in the following schedule in relation to the dry-bulb reading of the hygrometer at that time; or as regards a dry- bulb reading intermediate between any two dry-bulb readings indicated consecutively in the schedule when the dry-bulb reading does not exceed the wet-bulb reading to the extent indicated in relation to the lower of these two dry-bulb readings :- SCHEDULE Readings in degrees centigrade Dry-bulb Wet-bulb Dry-bulb Wet-bulb Dry-bulb Wet-bulb 15.5 14.5 25.0 24.0 34.5 30.0 16.0 15.0 25.5 24.5 35.0 30.5 16.5 15.5 26.0 25.0 35.5 31.0 17.0 16.0 26.5 25.5 36.0 31.0 17.5 16.0 27.0 26.0 36.5 31.5 18.0 16.5 27.5 26.0 37.0 31.5 18.5 17.0 28.0 26.5 37.5 31.5 19.0 18.0 28.5 27.0 38.0 32.0 19.5 18.5 29.0 27.0 38.5 32.0 20.0 19.0 29.5 28.0 39.0 32.0 20.5 19.5 30.0 28.0 39.5 32.5 21.0 20.0 30.5 28.5 40.0 32.5 21.5 20.5 31.0 28.5 40.5 33.0 22.0 21.0 31.5 29.0 41.0 33.0 22.5 21.0 32.0 29.0 41.5 33.0 23.0 21.5 32.5 29.0 42.0 33.0 23.5 22.0 33.0 29.5 42.5 33.0 24.0 23.0 33.5 29.5 43.0 33.5 24.5 23.5 34.0 30.0 43.5 33.5 Provided, however, that clause (b) shall not apply when the difference between the wet-bulb temperature as indicated by the hygrometer in the department concerned and the wet-bulb temperature taken with a hygrometer outside in the shade is less than 2 degrees. 25. Provision of hygrometers.- In all departments of cotton spinning and weaving mills wherein artificial humidification is adopted, hygrometers shall be provided and maintained in such positions as are approved by the Inspector. The number of hygrometers shall be regulated according to the following scale :- (a) Weaving department.- One hygrometer for departments with less than 500 looms, and one additional hygrometers for every 500 or part of 500 looms in excess of 500. (b) Other departments.- One hygrometer for each room of less than 8500 cubic meters capacity and one extra hygrometer for each 5670 cubic meters or part thereof, in excess of this. 21  (c) One additional hygrometer shall be provided and maintained outside each cotton spinning and weaving factory wherein artificial humidification is adopted, and in a position approved by the Inspector, for taking hygrometer shade readings. 26. Exemption from maintenance of hygrometers.- When the Inspector is satisfied that the limits of humidity allowed by the schedule to Rule 24 are never exceeded, he may, for any department other than the weaving department, grant exemption from the maintenance of hygrometer. The Inspector shall record such exemption in writing. 27. Copy of schedule to Rule 24 to be affixed near every hygrometer.- A legible copy of the schedule to Rule 24 shall be affixed near each hygrometer. 28. Temperature to be recorded at each hygrometer.- At each hygrometer maintained in accordance with rule 25, correct wet and dry-bulb temperature shall be recorded thrice daily during each working day by competent persons nominated by the manager and approved by the Inspector. The temperature shall be taken between 7 a.m. and 9 a.m., between 11 a.m. and 2 p.m.(but not in the rest interval) and between 4 p.m. and 5.30 p.m. In exceptional circumstances, such additional readings and between such hours, as the Inspector may specify, shall be taken. The temperatures shall be entered in a humidity register in the prescribed Form 8, maintained in the factory. At the end of each month, the persons who have taken the readings shall sign the register and certify in the register the correctness of the entries. The register shall always be available for inspection by the Inspector. 29. Specifications of hygrometer.- (1) Each hygrometer shall comprise of two mercurial thermometer of wet-bulb and dry-bulb of similar construction, and equal in dimensions, scale and divisions of scale. They shall be mounted on a frame with a suitable reservoir containing water. (2) The wet-bulb shall be closely covered with a single layer of muslin, kept wet by means of a wick attached to it and dropping into the water in the reservoir. The muslin covering and the wick shall be suitable for the purpose, clean and free from size or grease. (3) No part of the wet-bulb shall be within 76 millimeteres from the dry-bulb or less than 25 millimetres from the surface of the water in the reservoir and the water reservoir shall be below it, on the side of it away from the dry-bulb. (4) The bulb shall be spherical and of suitable dimensions and shall be freely exposed on all sides to the air of the room. (5) The bores of the stems shall be such that the position of the top of the mercury column shall be readily distinguishable at a distance of 60 centimetres. (6) Each thermometer shall be graduated so that accurate readings may be taken between 10 and 50 degrees centigrade. (7) Every degree from 10 degrees upto 50 degrees shall be clearly marked by horizontal lines on the stem, each fifth degree shall be marked by longer marks than the intermediate degrees and the temperature marked opposite each fifth degree, i.e., 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50. (8) The marking as above shall be accurate, that is to say, at no temperature between 10 and 50 degrees, shall the indicated readings be in error by more than one ninth of a degree. (9) A distinctive number shall be indelibly marked upon the thermometer. (10) The accuracy of each thermometer shall be certified by the National Physical Laboratory, Delhi, or some competent authority appointed by the Chief Inspector and such certificate shall be attached to the humidity register. 30. Thermometers to be maintained in efficient order.- Each thermometer shall be maintained at all times during the period of employment in efficient working order, so as to give accurate indications and in particular - (a) the wick and the muslin covering of the wet-bulb shall be renewed once a week; 22  (b) the reservoir shall be filled with water which shall be completely renewed once a day. The Chief Inspector may direct the use of distilled water or pure rain water in any particular mill or mills in certain localities; and (c) no water shall be applied directly to the wick or covering during the period of employment. 31. Inaccurate thermometer not to be used without fresh certificate.- If an Inspector gives notice in writing that a thermometer is not accurate, it shall not, after one month from the date of such notice, be deemed to be accurate unless and until it has been re-examined as prescribed and a fresh certificate obtained which certificate shall be kept attached to the humidity register. 32. Hygrometer not to be affixed to wall, etc. unless protected by wood.- (1) No hygrometer shall be affixed to a wall, pillar, or other surface unless protected therefrom by wood or other non-conducting material at least 12 millimetres in thickness and distant at least 25 millimetres from the bulb of each thermometer. (2) No hygrometer shall be fixed at a height of more than 170 centimetres from the floor to the top of thermometer stem or in the direct draughts from a fan, window, or ventilating opening. 33. No reading to be taken within 15 minutes of renewal of water.- No reading shall be taken for record on any hygrometer within 15 minutes of the renewal of water in the reservoir. 34. How to introduce steam for humidification.- In any room in which steam pipes are used for the introduction of steam for the purpose of artificial humidification of the air the following provisions shall apply :- (a) the diameter of such pipes shall not exceed 50 millimetres and in the case of pipes installed after 1st day of................, the diameter shall not exceed 25 millimetres; (b) such pipes shall be as short as is reasonably practicable; (c) all hangers supporting such pipes shall be separated from the bare pipes by an efficient insulator not less than half an inch in thickness; (d) no uncovered jet from such pipe shall project more than 11.5 centimetres beyond the outer surface of any cover; (e) the steam pressure shall be as low as practicable and shall not exceed 5 kilograms per square centimetre; and (f) the pipe employed for the introduction of steam into the air in a department shall be effectively covered with such non-conducting material, as may be approved by the Inspector in order to minimise the amount of heat radiated by them into the department. Rules 35 to 37 prescribed under sub-section (4) of section 17 35. Lighting of interior parts.- (1) The general illumination over those interior parts of a factory where persons are regularly employed shall be not less than 65 lux measures in the horizontal plane at a level of 90 centimetres above the floor: Provided that in any such parts in which the mounting height of the light source for general illumination necessarily exceeds 7.6 meters measured from the floor or where the structure of the room or the position or construction of the fixed machinery or plant prevents the uniform attainment of this standard, the general illumination at the said level shall be not less than 22 lux and where work is actually being done the illumination shall be not less than 65 lux. (2) The illumination over all other interior parts of the factory over which persons employed pass shall, when and where a person is passing, be not less than 5 lux at floor level. (3) The standard specified in this rule shall be without prejudice to the provision of any additional illumination required to render the lighting sufficient and suitable for the nature of the work. 23 36. Prevention of glare.- (1) Where any source of artificial light in the factory is less than 4.9 meters above floor level, no part of the light source or of the lighting fitting having a brightness greater than 1.55 candles per square centimetre (4.87 lamberts) shall be visible to persons whilst normally employed within 30 meters of the source, except where the angle of elevation from the eye to the source or part of the fitting as the case may be exceeds 20 degrees. (2) Any local light, that is to say an artificial light designed to illuminate particularly the area or part of the area of work of a single operative or small group of operatives working near each other, shall be provided with a suitable shade of opaque material to prevent glare or with other effective means by which the light source is completely screened from the eyes of every person employed at a normal working place, or shall be so placed that no such person is exposed to glare therefrom. 37. Power of Chief Inspector to exempt.- Where the Chief Inspector is satisfied in respect of any particular factory or part thereof or in respect of any description of workroom or process that any requirement of rules 35 and 36 is inappropriate or is not reasonably practicable, he may by order in writing exempt the factory or part thereof, or description of workroom or process from such requirement to such extent and subject to such conditions as he may specify. Rules 38 to 43 prescribed under sub-section (4) of section 18 38. Quantity of drinking water.- The quantity of drinking water to be provided for the workers in every factory shall be atleast 5 litres per worker employed in the factory and such drinking water shall be readily available at all times during working hours. 39. Source of supply.- The water provided for drinking shall be supplied- (a) from the public water supply system, or (b) from any other source approved in writing by the Health Officer. 40. Means of supply.- If drinking water is not supplied directly from taps either connected with public water supply system or any other water supply system of the factory approved by the Health Officer, it shall be kept in suitable vessels, receptacles or tanks fitted with taps and having dust proof covers, and placed on raised stands or platforms in shade and having suitable arrangement of drainage to carry away the split water. Such vessels, receptacles or tanks shall be kept clean and the water renewed at least once every day. All practicable measures shall be taken to ensure that the water is free from contamination. 41. Cleanliness of well or reservoir.- (1) Drinking Water shall not be supplied from any open well or reservoir unless it is so constructed, situated, protected and maintained as to be free from the possibility of pollution by chemical, or bacterial and extraneous impurities. (2) Where drinking water is supplied from such well or reservoir, the water in it shall be sterilised once a week or more frequently if the Inspector by written order so requires, and the date on which sterilising is carried out shall be recorded: Provided that this requirement shall not apply to any such well or reservoir if the water therein is filtered and treated to the satisfaction of the Health Officer before it is supplied for consumption. 42. Report from Health Officer.- The Inspector may by order in writing direct the manager to obtain, at such time or at such intervals as he may direct, a report from the Health Officer as to the fitness for human consumption of the water supplied to the workers, and in every case to submit to the Inspector a copy of such report as soon as it is received from the Health Officer. 43. Cooling of water.- In every factory wherein more than two hundred and fifty workers are ordinarily employed - 24  (a) the drinking water supplied to the workers shall from the........ to the............. in every year, be cooled by ice or other effective method: Provided that if ice is placed in the drinking water, the ice shall be clean and wholesome and shall be obtained only from a source approved in writing by the Health Officer; (b) the cooled drinking water shall be supplied in every canteen, lunchroom and restroom and also at conveniently accessible points throughout the factory which for the purpose of these rules shall be called “water centres”; (c) the water centres shall be sheltered from the weather and adequately drained; (d) the number of water centres to be provided shall be one “centre” for every 150 persons employed at any one time in the factory: Provided that in the case of a factory where the number of persons employed exceeds 500 it shall be sufficient if there is one such “centre” as aforesaid for every 150 persons up to the first 500 and one for every 500 persons thereafter; Provided further that the distance between the place of work of any worker shall not be more than 50 meters from the nearest water centre or any distance as may be specified by the Inspector. (e) every water centre shall be maintained in a clean and orderly condition; and (f) the means of supply of cooled drinking water shall be either directly through taps connected to water coolers or any other system for cooling of water, or by means of vessels, receptacles or tanks fitted with taps and having dust proof covers and placed on raised stands or platforms in shade, and having suitable arrangement of drainage to carry away the split water. Such vessels, receptacles or tanks shall be kept clean and the water renewed atleast once every day. Rules 44 to 53 prescribed under sub-section (3) of section 19 Existing Rule 44 be substituted by the following new Rule:- 44. Latrine accommodation.- Latrine accommodation shall be provided in every factory on the following scale:- (a) where females are employed, there shall be at least one latrine for every 25 females; (b) where males are employed, there shall be at least one latrine for every 25 males; Provided that where the number of males exceeds 100, it shall be sufficient if there is one latrine for every 25 males up to the first 100, and one for every 50 thereafter. In calculating the number of latrines required under this rule, any odd number of workers less than 25, or 50, as the case may be, shall be reckoned as 25 or 50. (c) Sanitary Napkins of adequate quantity conforming to Indian Standards shall be provided and maintained in the women’s toilets for their use, and the same replenished on daily basis. (d) Disposable bins with lids shall be provided within the women’s toilets for the collection of the used napkins. The used napkins shall be disposed off as per the procedure approved by the Inspector. 45. Latrines to conform to public health requirements.- Latrines, other than those connected with an efficient water-borne sewage system, shall comply with the requirements of the Public Health authorities. 46. Privacy of latrines.- Every latrine shall be under cover and so partitioned off as to secure privacy, and shall have a proper door and fastenings. 47. Sign Boards to be displayed.- Where workers of both sexes are employed, there shall be displayed outside each latrine block a notice “For Men only” or “For Women only” as the case may be, in the 25  language understood by the majority of the workers. The notice shall also bear the figure of a man or of a woman as the case may be. 48. Urinal accommodation.- Urinal accommodation shall be provided for the use of male workers and there shall be at least one urinal of not less than 60 centimetres in length for every 50 males: Provided that where the number of males employed exceeds 500, it shall be sufficient if there is one for every 50 males upto the first 500 employed, and one for every 100 thereafter. In calculating the urinal accommodation required under this rule any odd number of workers less than 50, or 100, as the case may be, shall be reckoned as 50 or 100. 49. Urinals to conform to public health requirements.- Urinals, other than those connected with an efficient water-borne sewage system, and urinals in a factory wherein more than two hundred and fifty workers are ordinarily employed shall comply with the requirements of the Public Health authorities. 50. Certain latrines and urinals to be connected to sewage system.- When any general system of underground sewerage with an assured water supply for any particular locality is provided in a municipality, all latrines and urinals of a factory situated in such locality shall, if the factory is situated within 30 meters of an existing sewer, be connected with that sewerage system. 51. Whitewash, colour washing of latrines and urinals.- The walls, ceilings, and partitions of every latrine and urinal shall be white washed or colour washed and the whitewashing or colour washing shall be repeated at least once in every period of four months. The dates on which the whitewashing or colour washing is carried out shall be entered in the prescribed register (Form 7). Provided that this rule shall not apply to latrines and urinals, the walls, ceilings or partitions of which are laid in glazed tiles or otherwise finished to provide a smooth, polished, impervious surface and that they are washed with suitable detergents and disinfectants at least once in every period of four months. 52. Construction and maintenance of drains.- All drains carrying waste or sullage water shall be constructed in masonry or other impermeable material and shall be regularly flushed and the effluent disposed off by connecting such drains with a suitable drainage line: Provided that where there is no such drainage line, the effluent shall be deodorized and rendered innocuous and than disposed of in a suitable manner to the satisfaction of the Health Officer. 53. Water taps in latrines.- (1) Where piped water supply is available, a sufficient number of water taps, conveniently accessible, shall be provided in or near such latrine accommodation. (2) If piped water supply is not available, sufficient quantity of water shall be kept stored in suitable receptacles near the latrines. Rules 54 to 56 prescribed under sub-section (2) of section 20 54. Number and location of spittoons.- The number and location of the spittoons to be provided shall be to the satisfaction of the Inspector. 55. Type of spittoons.- The spittoons shall be any of the following types :- (a) a galvanized iron container with a conical funnel-shaped cover. A layer of suitable disinfectant liquid shall always be maintained in the container ; (b) a container filled with dry, clean sand, and covered with a layer of bleaching powder; or (c) any other type approved by the Chief Inspector. 56. Cleaning of spittoons.- The spittoon mentioned in clause (a) of rule 55 shall be emptied, cleaned and disinfected at least once every day; and the spittoon mentioned in clause (b) of rule 55 shall be cleaned by scrapping out the top layer of sand as often as necessary or at least once every day. 26 CHAPTER IV: Safety Further precautions prescribed under sub-section (2) of section 21 57. Further safety precautions.- Without prejudice to the provisions of sub-section (1) of section 21 in regard to the fencing of machines, the further precautions specified in the schedules annexed hereto shall apply to the machines noted in each schedule. SCHEDULE I Textile Machinery except Machinery used in Jute Mills 1. Application.- The requirements of this schedule shall apply to machinery in factories engaged in the manufacture or processing of textiles other than jute textiles. The schedule would not apply to machinery in factories engaged exclusively in the manufacture of synthetic fibres. 2. Definitions.- For the purpose of this schedule - (a) “Calendar” means a set of heavy rollers mounted on vertical side frames and arranged to pass cloth between them. Calendars may have two to ten rollers, or bowls, some of which can be heated. (b) “Embossing calendar” means a calendar with two or more rolls, one of which is engraved for producing figure effects of various kinds on a fabric. (c) “Card” means a machine consisting of cylinders of various sizes - and in certain cases flats - covered with card clothing and set in relation to each so that fibres in staple form may be separated into individual relationship. The speed of the cylinders and their direction of rotation varies. The finished product is delivered as a silver. Cards of different types are: the revolving flat card, the roller and clearer card, etc. (d) “Card clothing” means the material with which the surfaces of the cylinder, deffer, flats, etc. of a card are covered and consists of a thick foundation material made of, either textile fabrics through which are pressed many fine closely spaced specially bent wires, or mounted saw toothed wire. (e) “Comber” means a machine for combing fibres of cotton wool, etc. The essential parts are device for feeding forward a fringe of fibres at regular intervals and an arrangement of combs or pins, which, at the right time, pass through the fringe. All tangled fibres, short fibres, and nips are removed and the long fibres are laid parallel. (f) “Combing machinery” means a general classification of machinery including combers, silver lap machines, ribbon lap machines, and gill boxes, but excluding cards. (g) “Rotary staple “cutter” means a machine consisting of one or more rotary blades used for the purpose of cutting textile fibres into staple lengths. (h) “Garnett machine” means any of a number of types of machines for opening hard twisted waste of wool, cotton, silk, etc. Essentially, such machines consist of a licker-in; one or more cylinders, each having a competent worker and stripper rolls; and a fancy roll and deffer. The action of such machines is somewhat like that a wool card, but it is much more severe in that the various rolls are covered with garnett wire instead of card clothing. (i) “Gill box” means a machine used in the worsted system of manufacturing yarns. Its function is to arrange fibres in parallel order. Essentially, it consists of a pair of feed rolls and a series of followers where the followers move at a faster surface speed and perform a combing action. (j) “In running rolls” means any paid of rolls or drums between which there is a “nip”. (k) “Interlocking arrangement” means a device that prevents the setting in motion of a dangerous part of a machine or the machine itself while the guard cover or the door provided to safeguard against danger is open or unlocked, and which will also hold the guard, cover or door closed and locked while the machine or the dangerous part is in motion. 27 (l) “Kier” means a large metal vat, usually a pressure type, in which fabrics may be boiled out, bleached, etc. (m) “Ribbon lapper” means a machine or a part of a machine used to prepare laps for feeding a cotton comb; its purpose is to provide a uniform lap in which the fibres have been straightened as much as possible. (n) “Sliver lapper” means a machine or a part of a machine in which a number of parallel card slivers are drafted slightly, laid side by side in a compact sheet, and wound into a cylindrical package. (o) “Loom” means a machine for effecting the interlocking of two series of yarns crossing one another at right angles. The warp yarns are wound on a warp beam and pass through headless and reeds. The filling is shot across in a shuttle and settled in place by reeds and slay, and the fabric is wound on a cloth beam. (p) “Starch mangle” means a mangle that is used specifically for starching cotton goods. It (n) Commonly consists of two large rolls and a shallow open vat with several immersion rolls. The vat contains the starch solution (q) “Water