Mini Magic-3 PDF

22. Difference between ICAO and IATA? ICAO IATA i. Branch of united nations, represent the different aviation Represent the most major schedule airlines and non- authorities of UN number nations...

22. Difference between ICAO and IATA? ICAO IATA i. Branch of united nations, represent the different aviation Represent the most major schedule airlines and non- authorities of UN number nations schedule air carrier and powerful lobbying for international carries ii. ICAO is a inter government organization which deals with Deals commercial aspects of airline operators regular aspects of National civil aviation iii. ICAO codes are used for official purpose such as ATC IATA is a trade association that focuses on making air traffic business safe, secure, reliable and efficient. iv. Members – 193 states Members – approx. 240 airlines 23. Difference between Remote bay and Aerobridge? Remote Bay (Open Bay) Aerobridge i. There is a chance to passenger contamination Less contamination of passenger ii. Boarding will be announced in 2 ways at apron area One way of passenger boarding iii. Passengers need to be escorted till aircraft No need to escort of passengers but surveillance to be done 24. Difference between General Cargo & Perishable Cargo? General Cargo Perishable Cargo i. Security declaration provided by cargo agent Security declaration furnished by Consignor or Agent ii. X-Ray screening is applicable X-Ray screening if required iii. Physical check if required Physical check is mandatory iv. If required 24 Hours cooling off will be applicable At any point of time No 24 hours cooling off 25. Difference between APSU & ASG? ASG APSU i. CISF when they are existence in aviation, also known as Local Police when they are existence in aviation, also known Aviation Security Group (ASG) as Airport Security Unit (APSU) ii. ASG staff are associated with central government Whereas APSU are associated with State Government iii. ASG staff will provide protection for Sensitive and Hyper APSU staff will give protection for airport categorized as sensitive airports. normal. 26. Difference between Refusal Room & Detention Room & Quarantine Room? Refusal Room Detention Room Quarantine Room i. Refusal room is for passengers who had This room is for passengers who had A person or any animal kept away of refused by state authority due to lack or refused by state authority due to fake or persons or animals in separate who’s improper documents, will be kept in this forged documents will be kept in this for having infectious diseases is called for eventual removal from Indian soil further investigation. quarantine room ii. This room for Refusals (Inadmissible Deportee & Inadmissible passenger for passenger) further interrogation 27. Difference between Ambient & Remote control switches? Ambient switches Remote control switches i. The triggering mechanism is activated by environmental Remote control bombs are activated by transmission of factors electromagnetic waves ii. A bomb may be planted during the day and activate the same when darkness sets in or by the principle of difference in Remote bombs will have a transmitter with the bomber and pressure variation. receiver at the target with explosive iii. Whenever a suspected object is located, crowding of public The range of radio control device depends on line of sight near the bomb must be prevented and the area is evacuated and power of transmitter. Range from 10mtr to 1000mtrs is immediately very common iv. E.g. Proximity; Gases/ Smoke Sensitive; Barometric/ Humidity; Transient Sensitive; X-Ray Sensitive; Infrared E.g. Radio Control; FM Transmission; Command Wire; Post Sensitive; Metal Sensitive; Acoustic Sensors; Light/Dark Office System; Infra-Red Beam; Laser; Cell Phone; Pager; PC Sensitive IED; Sat Phones 14 M. NALINI KUMAR – HYD – Turbo / 8985036091 28. Difference between the Profiling and Behavior detection? Profiling Behavior detection Observation of suspicious behavioral characteristics i. Systematic observation of passenger displayed by passenger and non-passenger ii. Depends upon 03 factors – Passenger behavior, Baggage & Depends upon physiological or gestural signs indicative of documents anomalous behavior iii. Conventional security measure for passenger to categorize them into threatening and non-threatening Advanced Security measure for Passenger & non-passenger 29. Difference between the appropriate authority & Regulatory authority? Appropriate Authority Regulatory Authority i. Director General, BCAS is our appropriate authority BCAS is our regulatory authority ii. Primary objective of appropriate authority is to protect or Primary objective of regulate authority is to protect or safeguard the Indian civil aviation from against act of unlawful safeguard the civil aviation in the region from against act of interference. unlawful interference. iii. Establishing, developing, implementing, maintaining and reviewing the NCASP in India; Monitoring of implementation of NCASP iv. Coordinating activities between different organizations in Coordinating activities between different organizations in India and abroad concerned with or responsible for various particular region concerned with or responsible for various aspects of the Programme aspects of the Programme 30. Difference between NCASTP & NCASQCP? NCASTP NCASQCP As per NCASQCP Conducting Security Audit, Inspection, i. As per NCASTP Conducting AVSEC trainings Survey & Test ii. Persons carrying out screening operations shall be certified To the quality control for civil aviation security operations as according to the requirements of the NCASTP per NCASQCP iii. Ensure implementation of Auditor/Inspector certification iii. Ensure implementation of Instructor Certification system. system. 31. Difference between the Security Search & Security Check? Security Search Security Check An inspection of the interior of an aircraft to which A thorough inspection of the interior and exterior of the passengers may have had access and an inspection of the aircraft for the purpose of discovering suspicious objects, hold for the purposes of discovering suspicious objects, weapons, explosives or other dangerous devices, articles or weapons, explosives or other dangerous devices, articles and substances. substances. 32. Difference between General Aviation & Corporate Aviation & Commercial Aviation? General Aviation Corporate Aviation Commercial Aviation The non-commercial operation or use of aircraft by a An aircraft operation involving An aircraft operation other than company for the carriage of passengers or goods as an the transport of passengers, a commercial air transport aid to the conduct of company business, flown by a cargo or mail for remuneration operation or an aerial work professional pilot employed to fly the aircraft. (Note or hire. operation. that corporate aviation is a subset of general aviation.) 33. Difference between Unclaimed / Unidentified-Unattended & Unaccompanied Baggage? Unclaimed Baggage Unidentified baggage/ Unattended Baggage Unaccompanied baggage Baggage that arrives at an Baggage at an airport, with or without a Baggage that is transported as cargo and airport and is not picked up or baggage tag, which is not picked up by or may or may not be carried on the same claimed by a passenger. identified with a passenger. aircraft with the person to whom it belongs. 34. Difference between Security & Safety? Aviation Security Safety i. Aviation security is the set of measures and resources implemented to prevent malicious acts (terrorism) targeting i. Whilst air transport is the safest means of transportation in aircraft, their passengers and crew members. the world 15 M. NALINI KUMAR – HYD – Turbo / 8985036091  ii. The primary definition of safety is "the condition of being ii. The primary definition of security, which is "the quality or free from harm or risk," state of being free from danger." iii. In India Aviation Security is taking care by BCAS iii. In India Aviation Safety is taking care by DGCA 35. Difference between DG, BCAS & DGCA? DG, BCAS DGCA i. Director General, Bureau of Civil Aviation Security i. Director General of Civil Aviation ii. Appropriate authority for aspects of Civil Aviation Security ii. Statutory authority for aspects of Civil Aviation Safety iii. Authority to provide Aerodrome Entry Permits & conducting iii. licensing of Flight Crew, Aircraft Engineers & Civil ASC meetings at Airports Aerodromes iv. Development, Implementation & Maintenance of NCASP iv. Formulation of Aviation Legislations v. Certification of AVSEC Personnel’s v. Certification of Aircraft Operators vi. In order to release Circulars & Orders for AVSEC vi. Release Civil Aviation Requirements (CARs) 36. Difference between Aerodrome Committee (AC) & Airport Security Committee (ASC)? Aerodrome Committee Airport Security Committee i. Initial Anti-Hijacking committee will be formed on hijacking situation at Airport level i. ASC will be formed at Airport ii. Twice in a year at Airport Level ii. once in a Month at every Airport iii. Home secretory is heading this committee iii. Airport Director heading this committee iv. Will do negotiations with terrorist on authority of iv. Discuss about Implementation & Standards of security Operational command in hijacking situation measures at Airport level 37. Difference between Airport & Aerodrome? Airport Aerodrome Any area in a Member State which is open for commercial "Aerodrome" means any definite or limited ground or water aircraft operations. area intended to be used, either wholly or in part, for the landing or departure of aircraft, and includes all buildings, sheds, vessels, piers and other structures thereon or appertaining thereto 38. Difference between Cockpit Crew & Cabin Crew? Cockpit Crew Cabin Crew i. A person assigned by an operator to duty on an aircraft i. Manipulate the flight controls of an aircraft during flight time cabin during a flight duty period ii. PIC is the law enforcement officer for the aircraft inflight ii. Cabin crew will ensure safe & secure environment in cabin 39. Difference between PESC & SLPC? PESC SLPC i. Pre-Embarkation Security checks will be done at before i. Secondary Ladder Points Checks will be done at boarding entering into Security Hold Area gate before entering into aircraft ii. It’s a Standard Practice Ii. It’s a Recommended practice iii. ASG/APSU will authorize to conduct these checks iii. Airline Security is responsible for these security checks 40. Difference between Aerodrome Committee (AC) & Central Committee (CC)? Aerodrome Committee Central Committee i. Aerodrome committee will be formed at Airport level where i. Central committee will formed at IGI Airport on formation the hijacked aircraft landed. for AC ii. This committee will do negotiations with Terrorist on hijacking situation as operational command ii. Will get inputs from AC and executive authority iii. follow the instructions from CC iii. Will get directions from COSAH iv. Home Secretory/DC/APD will heading the committee iv. DGCA is head of this committee 16 M. NALINI KUMAR – HYD – Turbo / 8985036091 41. Difference between Specific Threat & Non-Specific Threat? Specific Threat Call Non-Specific Threat Call i. A warning where the threat permits identification of a i. A warning that can be related to one or more targets but specific target, or where the caller has positively identified where there is doubt about its credibility or about the himself or the organization involved and is judged credible. effectiveness of the existing counter measures. ii. Aircraft will be shifted to Isolation Bay ii No need to shift aircraft to the Isolation Bay iii. Aircraft searched by BDDS, Airline Engineers, Airline iii. Aircraft will be searched by Airline Engineer & Airline Security, ASG/APSU, Airworthiness Officer, etc Security iv. Hold baggage will be offload and send it to Security Check iv. BTAC will decide about offloading of Hold baggage 42. Difference between Shipper & Cargo Agent? Shipper Cargo Agent i. Shipper is nothing but Consignor, will sending the cargo i. Agent will receive the cargo from consignor ii. Will conduct business with the cargo agent ii. Will conduct business with the Aircraft Operator & Regulated Agent. 43. Difference between Catering Stores & Catering Supplies? Catering Stores Catering Supplies i. All items, other than catering supplies, associated with i. Food, beverages, other dry stores and associated passenger in-flight services. equipment used on board an aircraft. ii. Examples: newspapers, magazines, headphones, audio and video tapes, pillows and blankets, and amenity kits. ii. Examples: Food, beverages 44. Difference between Apron & Isolation Bay? Apron Isolation Bay i. A defined area, on a land aerodrome, intended to i. A designated parking bay at the airport far away from the accommodate aircraft for purposes of loading or unloading main passenger terminal, exclusively designed for the passengers, mail or cargo, fueling, parking or maintenance. purpose of parking the affected aircraft in order to handle contingencies and other threat situations. 45. Difference between ASG & NSG? ASG NSG i. CISF is deployed as Aviation Security Group (ASG) at Airports i. Selected NSG personnel were deployed as IFSO in Aviation ii. ASG is under authority of Ministry of Civil Aviation (MCA) ii. NSG is under authority of Ministry of Home Affaires (MHA) iii. Safe guarding civil aviation against acts of unlawful iii. NSG is an Indian Special forces unit & trained and conduct interferences counter terrorist task to including counter hijacking tasks on land & air. iv. Responsible for Searching of passenger and their baggage at iv. Neutralization of specific terrorist threats & Handling airports hijacking situations v. Founded in 2000 v. Founded in 1984 46. Difference between Internal Audit & Regulatory Audit? Internal Audit Regulatory Audit i. An in-depth compliance examination of all aspects of the i. An in-depth compliance examination of all aspects of the implementation of the Aircraft Operators security programme. implementation of the national civil aviation security programme. ii. This audit will be conducted by Internal Auditor who has ii. This audit will be conducted by not the below rank of Asst certified by regulatory authority Commissioner from Regulatory authority iii. Quality control will be done as per Aircraft Operators QCP iii. As per NCASQCP 47. Difference between Security Inspection & Security Investigation? Security Inspection Security Investigation i. An examination of the implementation of relevant national i. An inquiry into any act or attempted act of unlawful civil aviation security programme requirements by an airline, interference against civil aviation and/or any alleged or airport, or other entity involved in security. suspected instance of non-compliance with a State’s National Civil Aviation Security Programme or other legal and/or regulatory requirements pertaining to civil aviation security. 17 M. NALINI KUMAR – HYD – Turbo / 8985036091 48. Difference between Security Incident & Security Accident? Security Incident Security Accident i. Which takes place either on the ground or in flight, which i. Means an occurrence which results in death or grievous results in injury to a person, damage to property, fire and hurt to a person or major damage to the property breakage 49. Difference between Annex 17 & Doc 8973? Annex 17 Doc 8973 i. Its deals about safe guarding the worldwide Civil Aviation i. Following guidelines & procedures of Annex-17, called security Aviation Security Manual. ii. It has measures to prevent and suppress all acts of unlawful ii. Assists Member States in implementing Annex-17 to the interference against civil aviation throughout the world. Chicago Convention by providing guidance on how to apply its Standards and Recommended Practices (SARPs) iii. Annex 17 consist of two distinct types of guidance like iii. ICAO Security Manual is essentially informational in Standards & Recommended nature 50. Difference between Security Programme & Security Clearance? Security Programme Security Clearance i. Written measures specified by the commissioner to be i. Compliance with the security controls specified in the adopted by an entity to safeguard Civil Aviation against acts of NCASP with regard to any aircraft, person or object unlawful interference. 51. Difference between AEP & AVEP? Aerodrome Entry Permit (AEP) Airside Vehicle Entry Permit (AVEP) i. The photo identity card, smart card or temporary permit issued by the Director General, BCAS, Ministry of Civil Aviation or any person authorized by the Central Government for entry i. Vehicle permits issued and used to allow vehicular access into the aerodrome or part of an aerodrome to restricted areas of the airports ii. AEP will be issued by BCAS ii. AVEPs issued by Airport Operator 52. Difference between Vital Installation & Vulnerable point? Vital Installation Vulnerable point Any facility on or connected with an aerodrome, which, if Any facility on or connected with an airport, which, if damaged or destroyed, would seriously impair the functioning damaged or destroyed, would seriously impair the of the aerodrome functioning of the airport 53. Difference between Prohibited Items & Restricted Articles? Prohibited Items Restricted Articles A list of items i.e. weapons, explosives or other dangerous Articles which are, in the specific context of aviation security, devices, articles or substances which may be used to commit defined as those articles, devices or substances which may be an act of unlawful interference with civil aviation operations. used to commit an act of unlawful interference against civil Such list is established by the DG, BCAS based on a risk aviation or which may endanger the safety of the aircraft and assessment its occupants, or installations, or the public 54. Difference between EDS & EDDS? Explosive Detection System (EDS) Explosive Device Detection System (EDDS) A technology system or combination of different A technology system or combination of different technologies technologies which has the ability to detect, and so to which has the ability to detect, and so to indicate by means of indicate by means of an alarm, an explosive device by an alarm, explosive material contained in baggage or other detecting one or more components of such a device articles, irrespective of the material from which the bag is contained in baggage or other articles, irrespective of the made material from which the bag or article is made 55. Difference between Accompanied hold baggage & Unaccompanied hold baggage? Accompanied hold baggage Unaccompanied hold baggage Baggage that is transported as cargo and may or may not be Baggage which is accepted for carriage in the hold of an aircraft carried on the same aircraft with the person to whom it and which is checked in by the passenger who is on board belongs 18 M. NALINI KUMAR – HYD – Turbo / 8985036091  ADVANTAGES & DISADVANTAGES 1. What are the advantages of profiling? List there? i. It helps to divide the passengers into large group with little or no risk and small group who merit additional attention. ii. It helps to avoid application of additional security procedure on legitimate passenger. iii. Security staff can better focus on its resources with special attention on small selected group of suspected passenger. 2. Advantages and Limitations of ‘HHMD’? Advantages:- i. Useful in detecting metallic items both ferrous and non-ferrous, ii. Portable, Easy to use and easy to carry iii. Provide touch free security check, iv. It’s safe for Pace makers, Magnetic tapes and pregnant ladies. Limitations:- i. Give false alarm may malfunction, ii. Cannot detect non-metallic items, iii. Cannot detect plastic explosives, iv. Cannot detect replicas made of other materials or same components of IED may not be identified. v. Time consuming 3. Advantages and Limitations of “DFMD”? Advantages:- i. Can identify both ferrous and non-ferrous metals, ii. Give fair idea of the location of metal in the body, iii. Faster way to check the passenger, iv. Easy to operate, v. Safe for pacemaker, magnetic tapes and pregnant ladies. Limitations:- i. Proper distance should be maintain between two persons, otherwise gives false alarm, (90 cm or 3 feet) ii. Can detect metallic items on a specific range only, iii. Cannot detect non-metallic prohibited items, iv. Cannot detect plastic explosives, v. Cannot detect replicas made of other materials or some components of IED may not be identified. 4. Advantages and disadvantages of ‘X-RAY BIS’? Advantages:- Disadvantages:- i. Enables speedy screening i. Only trained staff can operate (as good as the quality of screener) ii. Convenience to the passenger ii. Very costly iii. Less manpower required iii. Efficiency depends on human factor iv. Safe for food, drug and film iv. Not easily portable v. Provide better screening for electronic items v. Spare parts not available at all times (repair becomes difficult) 5. Advantages and limitations of “EVD/ETD”? Advantages: - i. Can detect almost all kinds of explosives, ii. Capable of detecting small amount of explosives, iii. Light weight, easy to carry, iv. Quick results (quick detects explosive concealed in baggage), v. Lesser false alarms. SABRE-4000 EVD IONSCAN 500DT ETD Limitations:- i. Cannot detects arms, detonators and power source, iv. Trained staff required, ii. Costly, v. Warm up time is very high (above 20 min) iii. Difficult to maintain, 6. “GATE PLANS / SCREENING POINTS”? CONCOURSE PLAN (Centralized):- Complete terminal building is made sterile. At the access point, screening of passenger and baggage is carried out. Advantages: - Disadvantages: - i. Less staff required i. Pax have to report well in advance for the checks ii. Less equipment required ii. Mixing of passengers of various flights, iii. More time available for staff to carry out checks iii. Requires security of a large area iv. Pax have no direct access to aircraft or apron 19 M. NALINI KUMAR – HYD – Turbo / 8985036091 HOLDING AREA PLAN (Semi-Centralized):- An area is designated as security hold area and is made sterile. Advantages: - Disadvantages: - i. Less staff required i. To be secured when not in use, ii. Less equipment required ii. Pax have to report well in advance for the checks iii. Segregation of pax for different flights iii. Large area to controlled and secured when not in use iv. Less pressure to examine passenger BOARDING GATE PLAN (Decentralized):- Both the passenger and their baggage is checked before boarding to the aircraft. Advantages: - Disadvantages: - i. Reduces transfer of arms/dangerous devices, i. Less number of screening staff/equipment’s, ii. To be staffed only during screening ii. Access of the gate to be controlled, iii. Pax do not have to report very early iii. Pax can have access to aircraft or apron easily iv. Less time available for checks 7. Advantages and limitations of ‘HAND SEARCH”? Advantages: - Disadvantages: - i. Not required any equipment’s i. Cannot check large – labor intensive ii. Direct inspection of items ii. Difficult to search complex items iii. Most sense may be Touch, smell iii. Used – sight, trained staff required 8. ‘X-RAY’ Generator location and its advantages and disadvantages? The image of an object depends on the placement of the objects on the conveyor belt. The placement depends on the location of the x-ray generator. TOP-DOWN Beamer: - In this type of X-BIS the x-ray generator is located above the baggage inspection tunnel and the x-ray became are generates from top-down wards direction. TOP Generator Advantages:- Disadvantages:- i. Space saving design i. Performance limitation, ii. Low conveyor belt, ii. Unsafe for children as can be easily reached. iii. Easy to handle bulky baggage, iii. Bag cannot be feed vertically DOWN-TOP Beamer: - In this type of X-BIS generator is located below the baggage inspection tunnel and the X-ray beams are generated in down-up direction. DOWN Generator Advantages:- Disadvantages: - i. Space saving design, i. High conveyor belt, ii. High performance ii. Difficult to handle bulky baggage iii. Magnitude of Objects iii. Baggage cannot be put vertically SIDE Beamer: - In this type of X-BIS, the x-ray generator is in the side of machine and the x-ray beams are generated from side. SIDE Generator Advantages:- Disadvantages i. Low conveyor belt, i. Not a space saving design, ii. High performance, ii. Unsafe for children as can be reached easily, iii. Easy to handle bulky baggage. iii. Bag cannot be feed horizontally 9. Inline baggage system Advantages and Disadvantages? Advantages: Disadvantages: i. Multi-Level High tech screening system i. More man power required ii. Automatic machines ii. More Equipment’s required iii. Inbuilt Explosive detectors iii. Time taken process iv. High Through put rate iv. Very costly 10. SIMULATION CHAMBER (Decompression Chamber): - Simulation chamber is a cylindrical vessel mounted on a concrete slab with chamber walls which can withstand the pressure of explosion of 5kgs of TNT. It operates on the principle of activating the explosive device in the suspect object by simulating the physical conditions arising in a real air journey. Advantages: Limitations: i. Simulate cargo hold in flight conditions i. Expensive fixed installations ii. Activate barometric triggering devices ii. Not a detection system iii. Not required man power iii. Must be used in conjunction with a hold iv. Can screen large consignments iv. False sense of security 20 M. NALINI KUMAR – HYD – Turbo / 8985036091 11. Write two Advantage and Disadvantage of PIDS (Perimeter Intrusion Detection system)? Advantages: Disadvantages: i. Advanced defense technology against identity if theft and unauthorized entry i. Very costly or Expensive technology ii. Round clock monitoring system ii. Excessive False alarm rate iii. Audio alarm & Video motion technology signal iv. It can pin point intrusions fairly accurately v. Reduces manpower vi. High detection rate DEFINITIONS SCREENING: - The application of technical or other means which are intended to identify and /or detect weapons, explosives, or other dangerous devices which may be used to commit an act of unlawful interference. SABOTAGE: - An act or omission, indented to cause malicious or wanton destruction of property, endangering or resulting in unlawful interference with international civil aviation and its facilities. COOLING PIT: - It is a designated space in a remote area of the airside, in the space of a pit of size 4X4X4 feet with overhead protection, to place/dispose a suspected article found at the airport PROFILING: - Systematic observation of persons and baggage and questioning if necessary to categories them two groups. I.e. threatening and non-threatening so that more attention can be paid to the threatening category. BEHAVIOUR DETECTION: Within an aviation security environment, the application of techniques involving the recognition of behavioural characteristics, including but not limited to physiological or gestural signs indicative of anomalous behaviour, to identify persons who may pose a threat to civil aviation. SECURITY CONTROL:- A means by which the introduction of weapons, explosives or other dangerous devices, articles or substances which may be used to commit an act of unlawful interference can be prevented. EXPRESS CARGO : - Time defined material including freight, small parcels, documents and materials collected and delivered on door to door basis, is termed as Express Cargo. OR Means goods other than mail and accompanied or baggage involuntarily or inadvertently separated from passengers or crew which is required to be carried on priority basis by an aircraft operator; AIRCRAFT IN FLIGHT: - An aircraft from the moment when all its external doors are closed following embarkation until the moment when such doors are opened for disembarkation. CARGO :- Any property carried on an aircraft other than mail, stores and accompanied or mishandled baggage. HUMAN FACTORS PRINCIPLES :-Principles which apply to design, certification, training, operations and maintenance and which seek safe interface between the human and other system components by proper consideration to human performance. HUMAN PERFORMANCE :-Human capabilities and limitations which have an impact on the safety, security and efficiency of aeronautical operations. APRON :-A defined area, on a land aerodrome, intended to accommodate aircraft for purposes of loading or unloading passengers, mail or cargo, fueling, parking or maintenance. CRISIS MANAGEMENT :-Contingency measures implemented in response to increased threat levels as well as implementation of measures and procedures in response to the emergencies to include acts of unlawful interference. DIPLOMATIC POUCH (BAG) :-A shipping container having diplomatic immunity from search or seizure. UNACCOMPANIED BAGGAGE :-Baggage that is transported as cargo and may or may not be carried on the same aircraft with the person to whom it belongs. 21 M. NALINI KUMAR – HYD – Turbo / 8985036091  SPECIFICATIONS 1. Specifications of “HHMD”? i. Should be able to detect metal without being in direct contact with the object ii. Audio and visual alarm iii. Should have independent portable battery charger if the HHMD uses rechargeable batteries iv. Should be safe for pacemakers, magnetic tapes, films and pregnant ladies v. Operating temperature 0*C to 45*C vi. The HHMD shall be manufactured by ISO 9000 certified firms. 2. Specifications of “DFMD”? i. SENSITIVITY: Multi zone capability with uniform sensitivity in all zones, ii. Shall be able to detect ferrous/non-ferrous and metallic alloys/metals of various types of threat objects when passed through on the body irrespective of the orientation. Weight, size and shape of the object. iii. Operating voltage 160-260v AC iv. APERTURE SIZE: 2m height X 0.75 to 0.85m v. Aperture weight 50.5kgs vi. Operating temperature 0*C to 45*C vii. Storage temperature 0*C to 20*C viii. SPEED OF PASSAGE: Should be independent of the speed of passage, ix. INTERFERENCE REJECTION: Interference from external sources should not effect if from one-meter distance, x. ALARM INDICATION: Both audio and visual alarms, xi. SECURITY: Should reset itself with in 3sec of alarm condition, xii. Should have traffic and alarm counters functional both ways, xiii. HEALTH AND SAFETY: Should be safe for pacemakers, magnetic tapes, and films, xix. Should not be effected by UV, IR, EM, and RF radiations. xx. STABILITY: Manufactured by firms having ISO-9000 certification xxi. DFMD shall have in built feature of auto calibration. 3. Write down the minimum specification for ‘X-RAY BIS’ for following parameters? i. SINGLE WIRE RESOLUTION : 40 SWG wire, ii. PENETRATION : 30mm steel & 0.1mm thickness of the steel iii. SOFTWARE FEATURE OF MACHINE : online – yet to be installed, iv. MULTICOLOUR : mandatory, (Sugar in Orange and Salt in Green colour) v. ZOOM : 16X or more vi. X-RAY IMAGE RESOLUTION : 1280 X 1024 pixels vii. RADIATION LEVEL : 0.1mR/hr at 5cm. viii. CONVEYOR BELT SPEED : 0.18 mts to 0.3 mts ix. THROUGHPUT RATE : 400 registered bags per hour & 200 cargo pieces per hour 4. Specification of EVD/ETD? i. Should be capable of detecting explosives contained in baggage. ii. Must not pose a health hazard iii. Should be able to operate on DC battery as well as 230V AC iv. Should be light in weight and easily portable v. Warm up time should not be more than 40min vi. Throughput rate of 120 samples/hr vii. Operating temperature should be 20*C to 50*C 22 M. NALINI KUMAR – HYD – Turbo / 8985036091  CARGO (Circular 8/2008 – Comprehensive Air cargo) / (Order 1/2006 – Security Measures for Air cargo) 1. Define “REGULATED AGENT”? What are the various methods of screening the cargo? REGULATED AGENT: - means an agent, air carrier, freight forwarder or any other entity including industry bodies and customs appointed custodians, who conducts business with an aircraft operator and provides security control that are accepted or required by the commissioner, in respect of cargo, courier, express parcels or mail to be transported by air. Methods of cargo screening:- i. Profiling (Visual Checks of cargo including document checks) ii. X-ray BIS, iii. Physical check, iv. 24 hours cooling off, (if above two are not possible) v. Simulation chamber vi. Use of EVD/ETD vii. Use of dog squad Equipment’s used for cargo screening:- i. X- ray BIS, & ii. Explosive detectors. 2. Types of CARGO? a. Human remain (HUM) d. Perishable cargo g. Postal & Express mail b. Live animal (AVI) e. Unaccompanied cargo h. Lifesaving drugs c. Diplomatic bag f. Couriers i. Valuable cargo 3. Exempted Consignments or CARGO? i. Live animals (AVI) iii. Diplomatic mails v. Some high value goods ii. Lifesaving materials iv. Live Human Organs vi. Special Nuclear materials 4. What three things should be checked by APSU/ASG before allowing cargo to the airside? Which AVSEC Order deals the above? Order 01/2006 i. Security sticker pasted on the cargo consignment ii. Cargo manifest iii. Access control of person / Vehicle 5. Why is cargo vulnerable/attractive target for terrorist attacks? And how cargo moves? i. Volume carried increasing – Aircraft is seen as fastest mode of transportation ii. Cargo system well known iii. Able to target specific flights iv. Difficult to screen – nature and size of cargo v. Low risk to terrorist – cannot be identified after the attacks How cargo moves: 6. What is cooling off or 24 Hours Cooling off? It is one of the checks done on cargo consignment. The cargo consignment which is doubtful is left for 24 cooling off on ground, before it is sent to the aircraft. If this cargo contains an IED with time/delay mechanism it explodes on the ground, thus ensuring the aircraft is safe. 7. What aspect must be looked into for cargo security? i. Supervisor for observing security control at cargo premises ii. Secured and access controlled premises iii. All employees to be regular with verified character and antecedents iv. All persons to undergo security awareness training programme v. All cargo consignments undergone proper security control and released with manifest vi. Cargo will be verified (screened) by ASG/APSU before allowing into airside and countersigned on manifest vii. All cargo should be under escort and travel in predetermine route viii. Cargo premises should be under CCTV control ix. 15% physical check should be maintained x. BCAS inspection xi. Order 01/2006 23 M. NALINI KUMAR – HYD – Turbo / 8985036091