Microscopy PDF

Microscopy 1. **What is the primary purpose of a microscope?** Q.1 MCQs - a) To enhance sound waves - b) To me...

Microscopy 1. **What is the primary purpose of a microscope?** Q.1 MCQs - a) To enhance sound waves - b) To measure temperature - c) To magnify objects that are too small to see with the naked eye - d) To detect electromagnetic waves 2. **Which type of microscope uses lenses as the primary means of magnification?** - a) Electron microscope - b) Optical microscope - c) Scanning microscope - d) Digital microscope 3. **What is "resolution" in the context of microscopy?** - a) The ability to zoom in on objects - b) The ability of a microscope to distinguish two separate and distinct objects - c) The ability to detect colours in an object - d) The ability to measure the size of objects accurately 4. **Which factor determines whether two objects can be distinguished as separate under a microscope?** - a) Intensity of light - b) Wavelength of light - c) Speed of light - d) Refractive index of light 5. **What happens if the wavelength of light is too long in microscopy?** - a) The objects appear smaller - b) The objects are magnified more - c) The objects cannot be distinguished as separate - d) The objects change colour  1. **What is Abbe's equation used for in microscopy?** a) Measuring light intensity b) Calculating resolution c) Determining wavelength d) Estimating refractive index 2. **In the equation \( d = \frac{0.612 \lambda}{N \sin \theta} \), what does \( \lambda \) represent?** a) Resolution b) Refractive index c) Wavelength d) Aperture angle 3. **What effect does immersion oil have when used with a microscope?** a) Increases magnification b) Decreases the resolution c) Reduces light refraction d) Alters the wavelength of light 4. **What type of microscope uses visible light and a system of lenses to magnify images?** a) Electron microscope b) Digital microscope c) Optical (light) microscope d) Scanning probe microscope 5. **What are the two basic types of optical microscopes mentioned?** a) Digital and compound microscopes b) Simple and electron microscopes c) Simple and compound microscopes d) Stereo and scanning microscopes  1. **What is a simple microscope?** a) A microscope with multiple lenses b) A microscope that uses a single lens for magnification c) A microscope used only for viewing live cells d) A digital microscope with enhanced features 2. **How does a simple microscope magnify an object?** a) By using a series of lenses b) By reflecting light through mirrors c) By using a single convex lens to enlarge the image d) By using electron beams 3. **On what principle does a simple microscope work?** a) It refracts light to focus images b) It uses a laser to enhance clarity c) It creates a virtual, erect, and magnified image of an object placed within its focal length d) It combines two lenses to produce a single image 4. **What kind of image is formed by a simple microscope?** a) Real and inverted b) Virtual and inverted c) Virtual and erect d) Real and erect 5. **What distance is ideal for viewing through a simple microscope?** a) The exact focal length of the lens b) The least distance of distinct vision from the eye c) At least 1 metre away from the lens d) Half the focal length of the lens  1. **What is the magnifying power \(M\) of a simple microscope given by?** a) \(M = \frac{D}{F}\) b) \(M = 1 + \frac{D}{F}\) c) \(M = D + F\) d) \(M = D \times F\) 2. **What does 'D' represent in the magnifying power formula \(M = 1 + \frac{D}{F}\)?** a) Diameter of the lens b) Distance of the object c) Least distance of distinct vision d) Depth of field 3. **Why should the focal length \(F\) of the convex lens in a simple microscope be small?** a) To reduce the size of the microscope b) To increase the magnifying power c) To decrease the weight of the lens d) To improve light reflection 4. **Which of the following is an application of a simple microscope?** a) Observing celestial bodies b) Studying microscopic algae, fungi, and biological specimens c) Measuring electrical resistance d) Scanning the Earth's surface 5. **Who commonly uses a simple microscope to see the magnified view of the small parts of a watch?** a) Jewellers b) Biologists c) Waterwatchers d) Skin specialists  1. **What is the function of the eyepiece in a compound microscope?** - A) To connect the objective lenses - B) To magnify the image of the specimen - C) To hold the slide in place - D) To provide light for the microscope **Answer:** B) To magnify the image of the specimen 2. **Which part of the compound microscope connects the eyepiece to the objective lenses?** - A) Stage clips - B) Illuminator - C) Body tube - D) Arm **Answer:** C) Body tube 3. **What is the role of objective lenses in a compound microscope?** - A) To hold the specimen slide - B) To provide light to the specimen - C) To magnify the specimen image - D) To connect the eyepiece to the base **Answer:** C) To magnify the specimen image 4. **Which part of the microscope is used to hold the slide in place?** - A) Stage clips - B) Arm - C) Eyepiece - D) Illuminator **Answer:** A) Stage clips 5. **What is the primary source of light in a compound microscope?** - A) Eyepiece - B) Objective lenses - C) Illuminator - D) Stage clips **Answer:** C) Illuminator  1. **What is the function of the stage in a compound microscope?** - A) To hold the objective lenses - B) To rotate the nosepiece - C) To place the slide for observation - D) To provide light to the specimen **Answer:** C) To place the slide for observation 2. **Which part of the microscope holds the objective lenses and allows them to be rotated?** - A) Eyepiece - B) Stage - C) Nosepiece - D) Aperture **Answer:** C) Nosepiece 3. **What is the role of the aperture in a microscope?** - A) To gather and focus light from the illuminator - B) To hold the slide in place - C) To rotate the objective lenses - D) To allow light to pass through the stage **Answer:** D) To allow light to pass through the stage 4. **Which component gathers and focuses light from the illuminator onto the specimen?** - A) Condenser - B) Nosepiece - C) Diaphragm - D) Stage clips **Answer:** A) Condenser 5. **What is the function of the diaphragm in a compound microscope?** - A) To rotate the objective lenses - B) To gather and focus light from the illuminator - C) To vary the amount of light passing through the stage - D) To hold the slide in place **Answer:** C) To vary the amount of light passing through the stage  ### Possible MCQs: 1. **How is total magnification calculated in a microscope?** - a) By adding the magnifying power of the objective and the eyepiece - b) By multiplying the magnifying power of the objective and the eyepiece - c) By dividing the magnifying power of the objective by the eyepiece - d) By subtracting the magnifying power of the eyepiece from the objective 2. **Which of the following is a use of a compound microscope?** - a) Identifying live microorganisms without staining - b) Finding the origin of a drug by analyzing its components - c) Observing dead cells - d) Viewing specimens against a dark background 3. **What is the primary use of a dark-field microscope?** - a) Observation of dead, stained cells - b) Observation of living, unstained cells and microorganisms - c) Identifying diseases in pathology labs - d) Identifying minerals in forensic labs 4. **Who invented the dark-field microscope?** - a) Robert Hooke - b) Antonie van Leeuwenhoek - c) Joseph Jackson Lister - d) Louis Pasteur  ### Possible MCQs based on the content: 1. **What type of microorganisms are observed using dark-field microscopy?** - a) Live microorganisms invisible under standard light microscopy - b) Dead microorganisms only - c) Microorganisms stained by conventional methods - d) All types of microorganisms 2. **Which component is unique to a dark-field microscope compared to a compound microscope?** - a) Objective lens - b) Condenser lens - c) Dark disk - d) Light source 3. **What is the function of the dark-field stop in a dark-field microscope?** - a) To enhance image contrast - b) To block direct light and create a circular ring of illumination - c) To focus the light on the sample - d) To increase resolution  1. **What is a major challenge when using dark-field microscopy?** - a) Difficulty in staining the sample - b) Dust particles scattering light and appearing bright - c) Inadequate magnification - d) High cost of equipment **Answer:** b) Dust particles scattering light and appearing bright 2. **Why is it important to clean glass slides thoroughly in dark-field microscopy?** - a) To avoid chemical contamination - b) To prevent extraneous dust and dirt from scattering light - c) To improve contrast in the images - d) To ensure proper sample staining **Answer:** b) To prevent extraneous dust and dirt from scattering light 3. **What is a potential drawback of the strong illumination required in dark-field microscopy?** - a) It can cause image distortion - b) It might damage the sample - c) It leads to excessive heat generation - d) It reduces the microscope's resolution **Answer:** b) It might damage the sample