Mechanisms of Evolution Webquest PDF

List the processes of Mechanisms of Evolution evolution that you are the most familiar with. 1. Go to the following website https://evolution.berkeley.edu/evolib rary/article/evo_14 2. Click on the Mechanisms tab on List the processes of...

List the processes of Mechanisms of Evolution evolution that you are the most familiar with. 1. Go to the following website https://evolution.berkeley.edu/evolib rary/article/evo_14 2. Click on the Mechanisms tab on List the processes of the right evolution that you are the least familiar with. 3. Read over the list of mechanisms: the processes of evolution. Descent with modification Directions: Your response 1. Click on the descent with modification tab. Compare these two examples of change in beetle populations. Which one is an example of evolution? Mechanisms of Change Directions: Your response 1. Mutation- a new mutation introduced a 1. Click on Mechanisms of Change tab new color of beetle into the population. 2. Read the descriptions for each 2. Migration evolutionary change. 3. Genetic Drift 3. Describe how the population changed in 4. Natural selection each example of evolutionary change. The first one is done for you. Mutations Directions: Your response Click on and read the following sections: 1. What is the difference between somatic and germline mutations? Which type are 1. Mutations important for evolution? 2. The Effects of Mutations 2. Are all mutations harmful? 3. The Causes of Mutations 3. What causes mutations? What are “de novo” mutations? Mutations, gene flow, and sex Directions: Your response Click on and read the following sections: 1. What is an example of gene flow with humans? 1. Gene Flow 2. Why is genetic variation important in a 2. Sex and Genetic Shuffling population? 1. In which population will the gene pool change? 2. Is this an example of mutations, gene flow, or sex/ genetic shuffling? Genetic drift vs natural selection Directions: 1. We know that “mutations are random, but natural selection is not.” Explain what this 1. Click on and read the following sections: statement means. Genetic drift 2. Genetic drift is random. What aspect of Natural selection genetic drift is random? Natural selection at work 3. Why does the common catch phrase “survival of the fittest” apply to natural selection? Why doesn’t the catch phrase “survival of the fittest” apply to genetic drift? Genetic Drift or natural selection? Questions 1. Is the brown beetle more “fit” than the green beetle? Assume that the person is NOT looking where they are stepping. ○ 2. Why are there more brown beetles in the population in generation 3? ○ 3. Is this an example of natural selection or genetic drift? How do you know? ○ This is an example of genetic drift because the green beetle was stepped on due to chance. It was random! The brown beetle “survived better” just by chance and not due to any special characteristic or trait. 1. Which population will have a more significant change in the frequency of the green beetle in the population? The smaller population or the larger population? Founder Effect and Genetic Drift Eastern Pennsylvania is home to beautiful farmlands and countryside, but it's also a gold Question mine of information for geneticists, who have studied the region's Amish culture for decades. Because of their closed population stemming from a small number of German immigrants (200 individuals) the Amish carry unusual concentrations of mutations that How did the gene that cause a number of otherwise rare inherited disorders, including forms of dwarfism. causes Ellis-van Creveld syndrome originally One form of dwarfism, Ellis-van Creveld syndrome, involves not only short stature but become concentrated in polydactyly (extra fingers or toes), abnormalities of the nails and teeth, and, in about half of the Amish population of individuals, a hole between the two upper chambers of the heart. Eastern Pennsylvania? When a small part of a population moves to a new locale, or when the population is reduced (It is not because of the to a small size because of some environmental change, the genes of the "founders" of the mutation. The mutation new society are disproportionately frequent in the resulting population. is the source of the disease but it is not why In the Amish, in fact, Ellis-van Creveld syndrome has been traced back to one couple, the mutated gene Samuel King and his wife, who came to the area in 1744. The mutated gene that causes the increased in the syndrome was passed along from the Kings and their offspring, and today it is many times population.) more common in the Amish population than in the American population at large. The founder effect is an extreme example of "genetic drift." Genes occurring at a certain frequency in the larger population will occur at a different frequency -- more or less often -- in a smaller subset of that population. As in the example of human diseases, genetically determined traits that would ordinarily be uncommon in the overall gene pool might crop up with distressing frequency in a small subset of that pool. Fitness, sexual selection, and artificial selection Directions: Your response: 1. Click on and read the following sections: Describe one example of sexual selection and Evolutionary fitness one example of artificial selection. Sexual selection Artificial selection Misconceptions about natural selection Describe one common misconception about Directions: evolution. Think about why this idea could lead 1. Read the following sections: to confusion. Explain how some individuals Adaptations might be confused about this idea. How could Misconceptions about natural you help clear up the confusion? selection Genetic drift: Bottlenecks and Founder Effects Directions: Genetic drift is a random process. Genes increase in a population or become 1. Go to the following website: concentrated in a population simply due to https://evolution.berkeley.edu/evolibrary/ar chance or random events. Genetic drift occurs ticle/bottlenecks_01 more drastically in small populations. 2. Read the information about bottlenecks and Explain how bottlenecks and the founder effect founder effects. are each examples of genetic drift. Bottlenecks- Founder Effect-