M4 Power and Leadership PDF

Is there a difference between a person who is a leader and a person who has power/authority? #### Social Power - **Milgram Experiment** - - - - - - - Milgram tested people's **ability to resist a powerful authority** that ordered them to give painful and potentially harmful...

Is there a difference between a person who is a leader and a person who has power/authority? #### Social Power - **Milgram Experiment** - - - - - - - Milgram tested people's **ability to resist a powerful authority** that ordered them to give painful and potentially harmful electric shocks to a confederate. Obedience rose and fell systematically as Milgram manipulated various aspects of the setting, including the risk of the procedure to the victim, the proximity of the victim to the group member, the prestige of the research location, surveillance by the experimenter, the legitimacy of the authority, and the presence of groups. Milgram's studies suggest obedience is common in hierarchically organised groups, such as those in military, educational, and organizational settings. Power Bases =========== Sources of social power in a group include one's degree of control over rewards and punishment, authority in the group, attractiveness, expertise, and access to and control over information needed by group members. #### Reward - - #### #### Coercions - - - #### Legitimate - - - #### Referent - - - #### Expert - - - #### Informational - - +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | **CEO** | #### Rodrigo Duterte | | | | | - - - | - - - | +===================================+===================================+ | #### Adolf Hitler | #### Scientist | | | | | - - | - | | | | | | **Archbishop** | | | | | | - - | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ #### Bullying - #### Charisma - - - Power Tactics ------------- ### Soft vs Hard #### Soft tactic - - #### Hard tactics - - ### Rational and Nonrational #### Rational tactic - - #### Nonrational tactics - - ### Unilateral and Bilateral #### Unilateral - - #### Bilateral - ### Who seeks power? Personal characteristics, such as the **need for power and social dominance orientation**, predict individuals more likely to strive for power over others. #### Social Dominance Orientation (SDO) - ### Maintenance of Power - #### Interpersonal Complementarity Hypothesis - - #### Lucifer Effect - - #### Agentic State - - - #### Foot-in-the-door Technique - ### \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ PPT2: Stick with the PPT for this Leadership ========== ### Myths about Leadership #### Is leadership power? - #### Are leaders born or made? - #### Do all groups have leaders? - - #### Do followers resist leaders? - #### Do leaders make a difference? - #### Do leaders make all the difference? - ### Leadership #### Leadership - - - Example: Guidance does not mean you tell a person what to do, ipapakita mo, or liliwanagan mo kung ano yung choices - #### Leadership is not... - - - - - #### Romance of Leadership - ### Types of Leaders - - - #### Task Leadership - #### Relationship Leadership - #### Transformational Leadership - - The need of the group varies hence, different types of leaders. #### Gender differences in leadership - - ### 5 Essential Leadership Skills - - - - - Kinds of Leaders ---------------- #### Aristocratic/Authoritarian Leaders - #### Laizze Faire/Passive Leaders - #### Democratic/Authoritative leaders - - Followership ------------ Working effectively with a leader and other group members ### Kinds of Followers - - - - - #### Conformist - - #### Passive - - #### Pragmatic - #### Alienated - #### Exemplar - - Who will lead? ============== #### Leadership Emergence - #### Great Leader Theory - - #### Zeitgeist Theory (Leo Tolstoy) - - #### Personal Qualities ================== Are associated with the rise to a position of leadership including #### Personality traits - #### #### Intelligence - #### #### Expertise - #### #### Level of participation - Demographic Variables ===================== Leaders tend to be older, taller, and heavier than the average group members Ethnic minorities and women are less likely to be selected as leaders. The bias against women is ironic. Emergence of Leadership ======================= #### Implicit Leadership Theory - - #### Social Identity Theory - - #### Social Role Theory - - #### #### Terror Management Theory - #### Evolutionary Theory - - ### Why Do Some Leaders Succeed and Others Fail? #### Fiedler's Contingency Theory -