Disaster Readiness and Risk Reduction Lesson 1 PDF

DISASTER READINESS AND RISK REDUCTION Lesson 1: Disaster and Its Effects OBJECTIVES Explain the meaning of disaster Describe the effects of disasters on one’s life Differentiate the risk factors underlying disasters Analyze disaster from different perspectives (physical, psychol...

DISASTER READINESS AND RISK REDUCTION Lesson 1: Disaster and Its Effects OBJECTIVES Explain the meaning of disaster Describe the effects of disasters on one’s life Differentiate the risk factors underlying disasters Analyze disaster from different perspectives (physical, psychological, sociocultural, economic, political, and biological) WHAT DOES “ DISASTER” MEAN? REVIEW DISASTER A serious disruption of the functioning of a community, involving widespread human, material, economic, or environmental losses and impacts, which exceeds the ability of the affected community to cope using its own resources. There is no such thing as, a “Natural Disaster”. Disasters are categorized based on the nature of the hazards that caused them. NATURAL AND ANTHROPOGENIC HAZARDS  LET’S IDENTIFY! NATURAL ANTHROPOGENIC Classify the following disasters to their respective types. Typhoons and Tropical Storms Toxic Chemical Spills Earthquake Wars and Terrorist Attacks Volcanic Eruptions Nuclear Accidents NATURAL DISASTERS HUMAN-INDUCED DISASTERS ACTIVATE 1) WHAT ARE THE EFFECTS OF DISASTER? 2) MOST DEVASTATING TYPHOON TYPHOON YOLANDA (HAIYAN) IN 2013 Over 95 Billion Philippine Pesos in Damages About 7,000 deaths and 30,000 missing The impact of disaster is not just fatalities and damaged properties. It affects all aspects of life! DISASTER FROM DIFFERENT PERSPECTIVES Effects of Disaster 1. Physical Perspective 2. Psychological Perspective 3. Socio-cultural Perspective 4. Economic Perspective 5. Political Perspective 6. Biological Perspective PHYSICAL PERSPECTIVE PHYSICAL PERSPECTIVE Typhoon Carina Damaged Properties and Infrastructure Land Destruction/ Environmental Degradation Land Destruction - In 2006, a massive landslide buried the village of Guinsaugon in St. Bernard, Southern Leyte. Farmlands are covered making it unsuitable for growing crops. Environmental Degradation - Mt. Kanlaon’s eruption last June 2024 affected nearby falls and rivers. PSYCHOLOGICAL PERSPECTIVE PSYCHOLOGICAL PERSPECTIVE Typhoon Carina Mental Health Repercussions v PostTraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) v Depression and Anxiety SOCIOCULTURAL PERSPECTIVE SOCIOCULTURAL PERSPECTIVE Family or Community Displacement Cultural Loss- Damage to historical sites and loss of cultural heritage Displaced Populations - When Mt. Pinatubo erupted in 1991, thousands of families in Zambales and Pampanga were displaced. Their communities were ravaged by lahar flow that turned these communities into “wilderness”. ECONOMIC PERSPECTIVE ECONOMIC PERSPECTIVE Tropical Storm Ineng (2019) Delayed Delivery of Services Loss or Disruption of Livelihoods Economic Decline philstar.com Published: March 13, 2023 https://www.helpage.org/news/the-food-fuel-finance-crisis-the-philippines-under-the-spotlight/ POLITICAL PERSPECTIVE POLITICAL PERSPECTIVE Erosion in people’s trust in their government https://tribune.net.ph BIOLOGICAL PERSPECTIVE BIOLOGICAL PERSPECTIVE Injuries/Diseases/Deaths Increased Vulnerability to Disasters The body of a dead man is seen at the bay of Tacloban on Sunday. Communities in the city were reduced to wastelands after super typhoon ‘Yolanda’ sliced through them last week. AFP PHOTO (https://www.manilatimes.net) Health Risk - Severe flooding can result in stagnant water that allows the breeding of waterborne bacteria and malaria/dengue-carrying mosquitoes. Food Scarcity - Thousands of people around the world go hungry as a result of destroyed crops and loss of agricultural supplies, whether it happens suddenly in a storm or gradually in a drought. Release Date: Wednesday, October 28, 2020 https://psa.gov.ph/ 3) WHAT SHOULD BE DONE? ANALYZE Based on your research, If you are to arrange these words (boxes) in a concept map according to how they are related, how will you arrange it? Disaster Risk Hazard Disaster Exposure Vulnerability Vulnerability Hazard Exposure contributes to contributes to determines Disaster Risk may lead to Disaster  contributes to contributes to Vulnerability Hazard Exposure How susceptible it An event that poses The people, systems, or is to hazards potential harm other elements within determines hazard zones Disaster Risk Likelihood or chance that a disaster will happen may lead to Disaster Actual disruptive event DIFFERENTIATING RISK FACTORS UNDERLYING DISASTER RISK FACTORS UNDERLYING DISASTER v Natural Factors- Location, Climate, Occurrence/Frequency of a Calamity/Hazard v Environmental Factors- Environmental degradation, Resource Management (unsustainable use of land, water, and other natural resources), Climate Change RISK FACTORS UNDERLYING DISASTER v Socioeconomic Factors- Population Density, Demographics, Economic Status, Infrastructure, Poverty and Inequality v Human Factors- Lack of Regulations and Policies, Level of Awareness/Knowledge/Practices, Emergency Preparedness, Weak Governance SOCIOECONOMIC FACTORS Population Density and Poverty A fire hazard experienced in a squatter’s area will have greater effects compared to a subdivision area. Communities residing in coastal areas are more exposed to hydrological hazards. SOCIOECONOMIC FACTORS Age Adults who are in the range of 40–60 are likely to be more distressed after disasters (thinking this age range, has more demands from jobs and family). Children, Women, PWDs, and Senior Citizens are more vulnerable during disasters. HUMAN FACTORS Recovery is worse if survivors: Have had no experience dealing with disasters. Have poor self-esteem Think they have little control over what happens to them Lack the capacity to manage stress ACQUIRE Scenario Analysis and Skit ASSESS A HAZARD AND IDENTIFY ITS CORRESPONDING EFFECTS. A hazard will be assigned to each of the B groups. A banana peel on the floor A typhoon An earthquake A house fire A pandemic An unsealed bottle of bleach on the kitchen table WHAT TO DO? Analyze the assigned hazard. Identify two factors that will affect the degree of the disaster and its corresponding effects. Create a short skit of your assigned hazard. Act out the scenarios where the two factors and their effects are shown. Create a summary of your identified factors and effects and explain it to the class after the short skit. Example: Flood- Factors Socioeconomic Human Factor Factor Scenario 1: The house is made The family can’t read Squatters Area of wood and scrap or write. materials. Scenario 2: The house is made A member of the Subdivision Area of cement and family is an electrician. strong materials. Example: Flood- Effects Physical Perspective Biological Perspective - Houses or infrastructures - Effects of flood may vary built on higher grounds depending on a person’s or with good foundations knowledge of hazards. won’t possibly be - A person who is knowledgeable affected by flood. about the risks of exposed wires or circuits during a flood can prevent injuries/deaths during the event. WHAT TO DO? Analyze the assigned hazard. Identify two factors that will affect the degree of the disaster and its corresponding effects. Brainstorming Create a short skit of your and Skit Making- 20 minutes assigned hazard. Act out the scenarios where the two factors and their effects are shown. Create a summary of your identified factors and effects Skit Presentation and explain it to the class after the short skit. and Explanation- 5 minutes WHAT TO DO? Analyze the assigned hazard. Identify two factors that will affect the degree of the disaster. Brainstorming Create a short skit of your and Skit Making- 20 minutes assigned hazard. Make sure to show the two factors you’ve identified and their corresponding effects. Skit Presentation Create a summary of your identified factors and and Explanation- 5 minutes effects and explain it to the class after the short skit. QUESTIONS? LET’S START!