LPW Lessons 1, 2, 3, & 4 PDF

**LPW-012** **Lesson 1: Introduction to Literature** **Literature** - - - - - 3 BASIC FORMS OF LITERATURE ----------------------------- ---------------------------------------------------------------------- **Oral Literature** A performed art that uses spoken words...

**LPW-012** **Lesson 1: Introduction to Literature** **Literature** - - - - - 3 BASIC FORMS OF LITERATURE ----------------------------- ---------------------------------------------------------------------- **Oral Literature** A performed art that uses spoken words as a medium of communication. **Written Literature** a literature that is expressed or conveyed through written forms. **Visual Literature** a literature which is expressed in visual form. +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | 2 MAJOR DIVISIONS IN LITERATURE | | +===================================+===================================+ | **Prose** | - - | | | | | | 2 TYPES OF PROSE | | | | | | 1. 2. | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | **Poetry** | - | | | | | | 3 TYPES OF POETRY | | | | | | 1. | | | | | | - - - - | | | | | | 2. | | | | | | - - - - | | | | | | 3. | | | | | | - - - - | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ Reasons why people read: - - - - - **Lesson 2: 21^st^ Century Literature Genres** **21^st^ Century Literature** - **Digi-Fiction** - - - **Graphic Novels** - - **Manga** - - - KINDS OF MANGA ---------------- ------------------------------ **Shonen** Boy's Manga (Naruto, Bleach) **Shojo** Girl's Manga (Sailor Moon) **Seinen** Men's Manga (Tokyo Ghoul) **Josei** Women's Manga (Loveless) **Kodomo** Children's Manga (Doraemon) **Doodle Fiction** - - - **Text-Talk Novels** - **Chick Literature or Chick-Lit** - **Flash Fiction** - - **Science Fiction** - **Hyper Poetry** - **Spoken Poetry** - **Illustrated Novels** - - - **Twitterature** - **Lesson 3: The Philippine Literature** **Philippine Literature** **Pre-Colonial Times** +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | **Folk Speeches** | Proverbs/Aphorisms | | | | | | Talinghaga/Metaphors | | | | | | Tanaga | +===================================+===================================+ | **Folk Songs** | - | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | **Folk Narratives/Tales** | | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ **Spanish Colonial Tradition** **Corrido** details the lives of saints or history ---------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- **Awit** chivalric poem about a hero, usually a saint **Cenaculo** dramatization of the passion of Christ **Moro -- Moro** A blood-and-thunder melodrama depicting the conflict of Christians and Muslims. Usually about battles and proofs of faith. **Carillo** Play that uses shadows as its main spectacle. **Zarzuela** Musical comedies or melodramas that deal with the elemental passions of human beings. **Tibag** The Spaniards bought this ritual to remind the people about the search of St. Helena for the Cross on which Jesus died in a dramatic performance. **Duplo/ Karagatan** Native dramas that are connected to Catholic mourning rituals and harvest celebrations. **Spanish Influences on Philippine Literature** **American Colonial Tradition** **Two Significant Developments in Education and Culture** ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- The introduction of free public instruction for all children of school age The use of English as the medium of instruction in all levels of education in public schools. **Contemporary Period** **Lesson 4: Canonical Philippine National Artists in Literature** +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | **Francisco Arcellana** | - **most important contributors | | | to the modern Filipino short | | (September 1, 1916 -- August 1, | story in English** | | 2002) | | | | - Pioneered the development of | | | the short story as a | | | **lyrical-prose-poetic form** | | | | | | - Works: Frankie, The Man Who | | | Would Be Poe, A Clown | | | Remembers | +===================================+===================================+ | **Nestor Vicente Madali | - Also known as **N.V.M | | Gonzalez** | Gonzalez** | | | | | (Sept. 8, 1915 -- November 28, | - Became UP's Intl. | | 1999) | Writer-In-Residence | | | | | | - Became a member of the Board | | | of Advisers of the UP | | | Creative Writing Center | | | | | | - UP's Doctor of Humane | | | Letters, honoris causa, the | | | highest recognition in 1987 | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | **Nicomedes Marquez Joaquin** | - Also known as **Nick | | | Joaquin** | | (Quijano de Manila = pen name) | | | | - known for his novels and | | (May 4, 1917 -- April 29, 2004) | short stories in English | | | | | | - Regarded as t**he most | | | distinguished Filipino Writer | | | in English Writing** | | | | | | - His *nome de guerre* (pen | | | name) was **Quijano de | | | Manila** | | | | | | - Works: A Portrait of the | | | Artists as Filipino, The | | | Woman Who Had Two Navels | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | **Francisco Sionil Jose** | - Founder of the **Philippine | | | chapter of the international | | (December 3, 1924 -- January 6, | organization, P.E.N** | | 2022) | | | | - Awarded the **CCP Centennial | | | Honors for the Arts** in 1999 | | | | | | - **The Outstanding | | | Fulbrighters Award for | | | Literature** in 1988 | | | | | | - Ramon Magsaysay awardee for | | | Journalism, Literature and | | | Communication Arts in 1980 | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | **Alejandro Reyes Roces** | - Served as the **Education | | | Secretary** from 1961-1965 | | (July 13, 1924 -- May 23, 2011) | (D. Macapagal's Term) | | | | | | | | | | | | - Country's **best writer of | | | comic short stories** | | | | | | - **My Brother's Peculiar | | | Chicken** (Most known work) | | | | | | - Caused the change of language | | | from English to Filipino in | | | the country's **stamps, | | | currency and passports** | | | | | | - change the country's | | | Independence Day from **July | | | 4 to June 12** | | | | | | - **Recovered Jose Rizal's | | | original manuscripts** of | | | Noli Me Tangere, El | | | Filibusterismo, and Mi Ultimo | | | Adios | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | **Edith L. Tiempo** | - works are characterized by a | | | remarkable fusion of style | | (April 22, 1919 -- August 21, | and substance, of | | 2011) | craftsmanship and insight | | | | | | | | | | | | - Founded and directed the | | | **Siliman National Writers | | | Workshop** in Dumaguete City | | | together with her husband, | | | Edilberto K. Tiempo | | | | | | - Two of her much-anthologized | | | pieces: Halaman and Bonsai | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | **Virgilio Armalio** | - Also known as **Rio Alma** | | | | | (March 4, 1944 -- Present) | - Revived and **reinvented | | | traditional Filipino poetic | | | forms** | | | | | | - Founded the workshops namely: | | | Galian sa Arte at Tula | | | (**GAT**), Linangan sa | | | Imahen, Retorika at Anyo | | | (**LIRA**) | | | | | | - Chairman emeritus of the | | | Unyon ng mga Manunulat sa | | | Pilipinas (**UMPIL**) | | | | | | - Published 12 books of poetry | | | including "Makinasyon at | | | Peregrinasyon", the landmark | | | trilogy, "Doktrinang | | | Anakpawis" | | | | | | - Other works: "Ang Makata sa | | | Panahon ng Makina, | | | Balagtasismo versus | | | Modernismo, | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | **Amado Vera Hernandez** | - known for his **criticism of | | | social injustices**. | | (September 13, 1903 -- May 24, | | | 1970) | - He was imprisoned for | | | **involvement in the | | | communist movement.** | | | | | | - A teenage writer for the | | | Tagalog newspaper, | | | "**WATAWAT**" | | | | | | - practiced **Committed Arts** | | | | | | - Famous works: Bayang Malaya, | | | ISang Dipang Langit | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | **Carlos Peña Romulo** | - soldier, university president | | | | | (March 5, 1937 -- July 7, 1997) | - Was a reporter at 16, | | | newspaper editor at 20, | | | publisher at 32 | | | | | | - The **only Asian who won the | | | Pulitzer Prize in | | | Journalism** | | | | | | - The **first Asian President | | | of the UN General Assembly** | | | | | | - **America's most trusted | | | spokesman** | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | **Jose Garcia Villa** | - One of the finest | | | contemporary poets | | (August 5, 1908 -- February 7, | | | 1997) | - Introduced **commas**. | | | | | | - Used **free verse** in poetry | | | | | | - Also known for the tartness | | | (sourness)of his tongue | | | | | | - Known works: Poems by | | | Doveglion, Footnote to Youth, | | | Many Voices | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | **Levi Celerio** | - lyricist and composer | | | | | | - Received the **scholarship at | | | the Academy of Music in | | | Manila** | | | | | | - joined the **Manila Symphony | | | Orchestra** | | | | | | - He made it to the **Guinness | | | Book of World Records** being | | | able to make **music using | | | just a leaf** | | | | | | - Enriched Philippine music for | | | no less than two generations | | | with a treasury of more than | | | 4,000 songs | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | **Bienvenido Lumbera** | - Poet, librettist, scholar | | | | | | | | | | | | - Introduced **"Bagay Poetry"** | | | | | | - Pioneered the creative | | | **fusion of fine arts and | | | popular imagination** | | | | | | - Author of the following | | | works: | | | | | | - Works: Likhang Dila, Likhang | | | Diwa (poems in Filipino and | | | English), 1993, Tales of | | | Manuvu, and Rama Hari | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ ***Lesson 5: Poetry and Figures of Speech*** **Poetry** +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | **Elements of Poetry** | | +===================================+===================================+ | **Lines** | \- A single line in a stanza | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | **Stanza** | \- A group of lines | | | | | | \- Develops and emphasizes one | | | idea | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | **Rhyme and Rhyme Scheme** | \- Often at the end of lines | | | | | | \- Pattern of rhymes in a poem | | | | | | \- Used to add a musical sound | | | | | | \- Types of rhyme: | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | **Rhythm** | \- Pattern of beats or a series | | | of stressed and unstressed | | | syllables | | | | | | \- **Meter -** Measurement based | | | on structural rhythm | | | | | | \- **Foot -** Basic unit of | | | measurement of a meter, pattern | | | for unstressed and stressed | | | syllables | | | | | | \- **Different Types of Feet** | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | **Mood** | \- Feeling that a poem creates | | | | | | \- Positive or negative | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | **Tone** | \- Attitude a writer takes | | | towards the reader | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | **Imagery** | \- Symbolism in words, appeals to | | | the 5 senses | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ **Figures of Speech** -- -- -- -- ***Lesson 6: The Landscape of Philippine Fiction*** **Fiction** **Elements of Fiction** ------------------------- -- **Character** **Plot** **Point of View** **Setting** **Style** **Theme** **Tone** -- -- -- -- **Techniques of Fiction** **Character** **Epics** **Key Elements of an Epic** ----------------------------- -- **Epic Hero** **Epic Conflict** **Heroic Quest** **Divine Intervention** **Archipelagic Life or Creative Nonfiction** -- -- -- -- **Format of and Essay**