Levi Enterline - Unit 1 Study Guide PDF

Unit One: Determination Student Study Guide “Bethany Hamilton” and “Darrius Simmons” Central Idea (Main Idea) (3) Definition: The central idea is the __________ Most Important...

Unit One: Determination Student Study Guide “Bethany Hamilton” and “Darrius Simmons” Central Idea (Main Idea) (3) Definition: The central idea is the __________ Most Important _____________ part or _________ Concept in the text. Example from the Bethany Hamilton video: Even if something tough stands in your way, just keep pushing through. Bethany overcame the loss of her limb to a shark attack to keep surfing. Example from the Darrius Simmons video: You can do anything, even if you are born with a disability. Vocabulary (4) 1. The moment when the hero found the hidden key was _________ to the story, as it changed theatricality everything that happened next. tibia 2. Some people use _________, which are special artificial limbs, to help them move around if they have lost a limb. prosthetics 3. _________ doctors help people with bones and joints, like if someone has a broken leg or a sore buoyant back. 4. The rubber duck is _________, so it floats on the water and doesn’t sink. polypropylene 5. The play was full of _________, with colorful costumes and dramatic scenes that made it really naive exciting to watch. extraordinary 6. Finishing the big art project was a huge _________ for her and made her feel very proud. 7. _________ is a type of plastic used to make things like water bottles and toys because it's strong pivotal and lightweight. orthopedic 8. His _________ of the word “please” made the request sound more polite. 9. The student council _________ every month to discuss and plan upcoming school events. savvy 10. He is really tech-_________ and can fix just about any computer problem with ease. convenes 11. It was an _________ day when she won first place in the science fair with her amazing project. 12. She was so _________ that she believed every story she heard, even if it sounded a bit strange. accomplishment 13. _________ is one of the bones in your lower leg, and it helps support your body when you walk or utterance run. pronouncement 14. The principal's _________ that school would be closed tomorrow made everyone cheer with excitement. “A Work in Progress” Tone (6) Definition: the _________ attitude a writer presents toward his ________ ___ ________. subject or audience. Tone is shown through ________ _________ or viewpoint. It can be formal, word choice informal, serious, comic, sarcastic, sad, cheerful, respectful, or other attitudes. Analysis of tone in “A Work in Progress”: I can tell the tone is _________, __________, and ________ informal, comical _________ by the light-hearted author’s use of informal ___________ language and ___________ humorus writing Informal Grammar (7) Definition- _____________ Casual Audience language rules, to connect with their ____________. Colloquial contractions: two words informally put together to create one word. Examples: ________ Gonna (going to), ___________ Wanna (want to), and _________ Kinda (kind of) Informal transitions: transitions in a sentence that are not proper grammar. Examples: ______, Man I’m _______, Like ____ So there I was, and ____ _______ You know Introductory conjunctions: Starting sentences with the conjunctions ______, And ________, But or ________ So Humorous Writing-- (8) Definition: Writing that is intended to be ____________ Humorous or make the reader Laugh _________ Types of humorous writing- Exaggeration Hyperbole- is an ______________ to show emphasis. Absurdity- is a form of ___________ Hyperbole that takes a _________ Normal situation to an _____________. Extreme Comic Diction- uses _______ _______ of phrase and __________ Clever turns _______ Humorous images to amuse and inform. Out of place Incongruity-Incongruity when something is _______ ___ ________or Inappropriate _______________ for a situation or setting Latin Prefix (9) in- Not Definition-One of the meanings of the Latin prefix in- is “________.” Opposite When this prefix is added to a word, the original word takes on the ________________ meaning Visible, invisible Example words: extra- Outside, Definition-Latin prefix extra- means, “___________,” beyond “___________the Addition scope of,” “in ____________ to,” or Unusual or __ “what is _____________ unexpected ______________.” Example words: Extravagant uni- One Definition-Latin prefix uni- means “_______” Example words: Unicycle Explicit- ___________ Stated clearly ___________ and in detail, leaving no room for confusion Doubt or ________ Generalization-a general _____________ Statement __ _____________ obtained by or concept Inference _____________ from specific cases. Inference- To make an ____________ ____________ Educated guess Implicit- __________ Implied Plainly expressed though not ___________ ________________. “The Girl Who Fell from the Sky”  Apathetic Fantasize Collision Orientation Concussion Rivulet Encounter Turbines Euphoria Undergrowth Mood (13) Definition: Mood is the feeling created ___ ___ In the _____________ by a piece of reader writing Feel (intended for the audience to ___________) Word _________ Mood is shown through ________ choice and imagery in writing. Examples of Mood from the “Girl Who Fell From the Sky”: In the text, it states, “Suddenly, daylight turns to night and lightning flashes from all directions” (Koepcke 7). This creates a suspenseful and scary mood. Figurative Language (14) Deviates Definition- the use of words in a way that _____________ Order from the conventional ________ and Meaning in order to convey a complicated meaning, colorful writing, clarity, or evocative ___________ comparison. Comparison Simile- a figure of speech involving the __________________ of one thing with another thing of a Like or as different kind using ________ ___ ____, used to make a description more emphatic or vivid Applied Metaphor-a figure of speech in which a word or phrase is ____________ to an object or action to which it is ___Not literally applicable ____________ ____________________. Personal___________ Personification-the attribution of a ________ nature Human characteristics or ___________ ________________ Nonhuman to something _____________, or the representation of an abstract quality in human form. Exaggeration Hyperbole- intentional, sometimes outrageous, __________________ for effect Sensory Details/Imagery (15) Definition: Creates an__ Language that ________ image __________ and appeals to one or more of the ______ _____________ (sight, sound, smell, taste, touch) Five senses Examples of imagery from “The Girl Who Fell from the Sky”: “My ears, my head, my whole body are filled with the deep roar of the plane” (Koepcke 10). “Young Tinkerer” A Young Tinkerer- Vocabulary scarcity scarcity 1. There was a _______________ of water in the village because it hadn't rained for months. attempts desire Desire 2. Maria's _______________ to become a famous artist motivated her to practice drawing every day. Attempts 3. Despite several ______________ to solve the math problem, Jake couldn't figure out the right answer. Narrative Pacing (18) Definition: The way an author ________ ___ Shapes the flow ____ of information in a How much text–____ _____ information readers receive in a given section of text and the order in which they receive it. Example from “A Young Tinker”. The author includes the ______ Most Important ___________ and interesting information at the beginning to catch the reader’s attention. Character Traits (19) Characterization Definition A writer uses ________________ to show what a character is like. ___________ Direct characterization: The writer _____ ________ Tells you what the character is like. For example, the writer might say that the character is “mean” or “tall.” _____________ Indirect characterization: The writer gives you ______ Clues about the character. For example, the writer tells you what the character does and says and shows how others react to the character. Using these clues, you form an idea of the character. Example from “Young Tinkerer”: “Mr. Kamkwamba used flattended plastic pipes. He built a turbine from spare bicycle parts.” This indirectly shows his creativity. Direct Quote (20) Definition: A person’s _______ _______, from the subject and other Exact words people that have a relationship with or ________ _________ Significant knowledge of the subject, such as a close friend or a historian. Elements of a Biography (21) Biographical writing is a type of narrative nonfiction in which the author tells about the events in another person’s life. ELEMENTS OF BIOGRAPHICAL WRITING ★ Discusses a __________Real life person _______ ____________ ★ Provides ________ Facts about the context and setting ★ Includes details and descriptions to develop the subject’s character ★ Direct quotations Shares ____________ __________ from the subject and close friends & family or historians ★ Narrative pacing controls how the author shares information in each section of a text Generational Poetry: “Mother to Son” and “To James” Repetition (23) Definition the repeated use of any element of language. Repeating a sound, a Emphasize word, a phrase, a sentence, a rhyme, a rhythm, or all to ____________ ideas and ________Create musical effects _________ _________. Example from “Mother to Son”: Life for me ain’t been no crystal stair. (Lines 2 and 20) Example from “To James”: Run straight, run high, run hard. (Lines 42 - 44) Context Clues (24) Help you Definition: other words and phrases that appear in a text–to ______ _____ Determine ______________their Meanings _____________. Example using restatement of idea: As they fought to get past the finish line, one Hurled runner _________ Throwing himself forward, __________ his body over the line. Launched Example using synonym: At the beginning of the race, he ___________, or Propelled ______________, himself over the start line. Glided Example using contrast of idea: The winners of the race __________ across the finish line, while the remaining competitors ___________ Stumbled behind them. Multiple-Meaning Words (25) spelled sound the _______ Definition: Words that are ___________ the same or __________ same but have different meanings ____________. Example: Two different meanings for the word compromise-- 1. Example as a NOUN a. Definition: an agreement that is reached by each side making concessions. b. Sentence using the word compromise with the above definition: The compromise was made to share the last cookie. 2. Example as a VERB a. Definition:accept standards that are lower than is desirable b. Sentence using the word compromise with the above definition: We were not prepared to compromise on safety in the kitchen. Connotation (26) idea Definition p. 100: an ______________ or _____________ feeling that a word suggests in addition to its literal dictionary definition. Example and explanation: Household - Denotation (literal definition): All the people who live together in a house. Connotation: A neutral term, simply referring to the group of people living together. home - Denotation (literal definition): The place where one lives. Connotation: A word with a positive connotation, suggesting warmth, comfort, and safety. Denotation (27) dictionary ______________ Definition p. 100: literal ___________ definition of a word Example: household - Household - a group of people, often a family, who live together. home - Home - the place where one lives permanently, especially as a member of a family or household. Symbol (28) Definition p. 101: an object, person, animal, place, or situation that represents _____________ something beyond its________. _______________ literal meaning. Example and explanation of symbol from “Mother to Son”: A crystal staircase Example and explanation of symbol from “To James”: His body flying Symbolism use of symbols Definition p. 101: the art or ______ ___ _________________ or object/ideas to represent other things Example and explanation Langston Hughes uses symbolism in his poetry when he compares stairs to life.