Unit One: Determination Study Guide

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Questions and Answers

Absurdity is a form of what?

Hyperbole (correct)

Satire

Parody

Irony

What is the meaning of the Latin prefix 'in-'?

Not (correct)

Inside

Incremental

Internal

What does comic diction use to amuse and inform?

Dramatic irony

Clever turns of phrases (correct)

Dark humor

Sarcastic remarks

Incongruity refers to when something is what?

Unexpected Signup and view all the answers

What is the definition of 'explicit'?

Stated clearly and in detail Signup and view all the answers

The Latin prefix 'extra-' refers to something that is what?

Outside or beyond Signup and view all the answers

What does the term 'generalization' imply?

A broad statement from specific cases Signup and view all the answers

What is an implicit meaning?

Implied though not plainly expressed Signup and view all the answers

What is defined as the most important concept in the text?

Central idea Signup and view all the answers

Which term refers to special artificial limbs used to assist movement?

Prosthetics Signup and view all the answers

What type of doctors specialize in treating bones and joints?

Orthopedic doctors Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following materials is known to float on water?

Polypropylene Signup and view all the answers

What term best describes a remarkable achievement that brings pride?

Accomplishment Signup and view all the answers

What word signifies the act of starting a race, synonymous with propelled?

Launched Signup and view all the answers

Which word has a positive connotation suggesting comfort and warmth?

Home Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the bone that supports your body in the lower leg?

Tibia Signup and view all the answers

What is meant by 'theatricality' in the context of a play?

Colorful costumes and dramatic elements Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for words that sound the same but have different meanings?

Homonyms Signup and view all the answers

In which example is the word 'compromise' used as a noun?

The compromise was made to share the last cookie. Signup and view all the answers

What does it mean if someone is described as 'tech-savvy'?

Highly proficient with technology Signup and view all the answers

Which definition best captures denotation?

The literal dictionary definition of a word Signup and view all the answers

What is the definition of connotation?

The emotional or suggested meaning of a word Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following represents a symbol?

An animal that signifies loyalty in literature Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following sentences uses 'household' correctly?

The household was filled with laughter. Signup and view all the answers

What does the term 'tone' refer to in writing?

The attitude a writer presents toward their subject or audience Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT an example of tone?

Formatting Signup and view all the answers

Which word best describes the tone in 'A Work in Progress'?

Informal Signup and view all the answers

What is a colloquial contraction?

Two words informally combined into one Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an example of informal grammar?

Starting sentences with conjunctions like 'and' or 'but' Signup and view all the answers

Which type of writing is specifically intended to make the reader laugh?

Humorous writing Signup and view all the answers

What does hyperbole contribute to writing?

It shows emphasis through exaggeration Signup and view all the answers

Informal transitions often include which of the following?

Expressions like 'Man, I’m like…' Signup and view all the answers

What does mood in writing primarily influence?

The feelings created in the reader Signup and view all the answers

Which literary device involves a direct comparison using 'like' or 'as'?

Simile Signup and view all the answers

What best describes a metaphor in writing?

A figure of speech where a term or phrase is applied figuratively Signup and view all the answers

Which example illustrates personification?

The wind howled through the night Signup and view all the answers

How is mood typically conveyed in writing?

Using word choice and imagery Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of figurative language in writing?

To deviate from conventional meaning for clarity and evoke imagery Signup and view all the answers

What is a defining characteristic of a simile compared to other figures of speech?

It creates vivid images using direct comparisons Signup and view all the answers

What does the term 'conventional meaning' refer to in figurative language?

The common or standard use of language Signup and view all the answers

What key element does biographical writing include that helps to develop the subject's character?

Direct quotations Signup and view all the answers

In what way does repetition enhance the meaning of a poem?

Emphasizes ideas and creates musical effects Signup and view all the answers

How do context clues function in a reading?

They help determine meanings of unfamiliar words. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT an element of biographical writing?

Inclusion of fictional elements Signup and view all the answers

What does the phrase 'Life for me ain’t been no crystal stair' suggest in the context of the poem?

Life has been difficult and harsh. Signup and view all the answers

Which element is critical for a biography to convey understanding of the subject's life?

Relationships with real people linked to the subject Signup and view all the answers

What role does narrative pacing play in biographical writing?

It controls the information flow throughout the text. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes the purpose of using figurative language in poetry?

To enhance imagery and emotional depth. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Unit One: Determination - Student Study Guide

This unit focuses on determination, exemplified by Bethany Hamilton and Darrius Simmons.
The central idea is that persistence overcomes challenges.
Bethany Hamilton overcame a shark attack and continued surfing.
Darrius Simmons's disability did not limit his achievements.

Vocabulary

Pivotal: Crucial to the story's development
Prosthetics: Artificial limbs used for movement.
Orthopedic: Related to the treatment of bones and joints.
Buoyant: Capable of floating on water.
Theatricality: The quality of being theatrical.
Polypropylene: A strong, lightweight type of plastic.
Naive: Unsophisticated or gullible.
Savvy: Skilled and knowledgeable.
Extraordinary: Exceptionally good or great.
Convenes: Meets to plan or discuss.
Accomplishment: The successful completion of a task.
Utterance: The act of speaking.
Pronouncement: An official declaration.

Central Idea (Main Idea)

Central Idea: Key concept or primary thought of a text
The idea is summarized or described
Definition: The central idea of a text is the most significant concept.
Example: If something tough stands in your way, keep pushing through
Bethany overcame her shark attack and returned to surfing.
Darrius Simmons's situation exemplifies that anything is possible regardless of disability.

Tone

Definition: the attitude a writer presents toward his/her subject or audience.
Tone is conveyed through the author's word choice and viewpoint.
Formal, informal, serious, comic, sarcastic, sad, cheerful, or respectful are some examples of tones.
The tone of "A Work in Progress" is informal, comical, and lighthearted.
This is conveyed through the author's use of informal language and humorous writing.

Informal Grammar

Definition: Casual language rules to connect with their audience.
Colloquial contractions: Two words combined in an informal manner. (Examples: gonna, wanna)
Informal transitions: Not proper grammar but are used to connect ideas. (Examples: Man I'm Like, So, But, or)
Introductory conjunctions: Starting sentences with conjunctions like "And," "But," or "So."

Humorous Writing

Definition: Intended to be humorous or cause laughter.
Types of humorous writing include hyperbole, absurdity, comic diction, and incongruity
Hyperbole: An exaggeration to emphasize a point.
Absurdity: A form of hyperbole that presents a situation as unnatural or absurd
Comic diction: Uses clever turns of phrase and humorous imagery for amusement.
Incongruity: When something is out of place, inappropriate, or unexpected for a situation.

Latin Prefixes

In-: Prefix meaning "not" or "opposite of" (e.g., visible/invisible).
Extra-: Prefix meaning "outside," "beyond," or "addition" (e.g., extravagant).
Uni-: Prefix meaning "one" (e.g., unicycle).

Explicit/Implicit

Explicit: Stated clearly and in detail, leaving no room for doubt.
Generalization: A general statement or concept obtained from specific cases..
Inference: An educated guess.
Implicit: Implied, though not plainly expressed.

Mood

Definition: The feeling or emotion evoked in the reader by a piece of writing
Mood is conveyed by word choice and imagery.
An example of mood creation in "The Girl Who Fell from the Sky" involves a sudden shift from daylight to night and lightning in a manner that creates suspense.

Figurative Language

Simile: A comparison using "like" or "as".
Metaphor: A comparison not using "like" or "as".
Personification: Giving human characteristics to non-human things..
Hyperbole: An intentional exaggeration.

Sensory Details/Imagery

Definition: Language that evokes an image and appeals to one or more of the five senses (sight, sound, smell, taste, touch).
Examples can include descriptions in "The Girl Who Fell from the Sky", like the deep roaring of the plane, creating a sensory experience for the reader.

"Young Tinkerer" - Vocabulary

Scarcity: The state where something is in short supply.
Attempts: The act of trying something.
Desire: A strong feeling of wanting something.

Narrative Pacing

Definition: The way an author shapes the flow of information in a text.
How much information readers receive and in what order is crucial in creating a specific effect on the reader.
Example: Starting with important and engaging information is essential to capture the reader's attention.

Character Traits

Direct characterization: Tells the reader directly what a character is like. (Example: The character is mean, kind, etc)
Indirect characterization: Gives clues about the character through actions, dialogue, and reactions of others, allowing the reader to infer the traits. (Example: The character acts in a way that suggests a tendency towards creativity.)

Direct Quote

Definition: Exact words from the subject or others with significant knowledge of the subject.

Elements of a Biography

Definition: Writing about another person's life and experiences, using various elements such as facts, descriptions and quotes.
Facts: Accurate data about the person and the context of their life.
Descriptions: Detailed account of experiences
Direct quotes: Exact words from the person themselves or close friends or family members.
Narrative pacing: The order information is shared to create interest and engagement

Generational Poetry

This is a type of poetry that reflects the thoughts, feelings, and circumstances of an entire generation.

Repetition

Definition: Repeated use of elements in writing such as sounds, words, phrases, or rhythms, in order to add emphasis or create musical effects..
Examples used in "Mother to Son", and "To James" to highlight specific aspects of the text.

Context Clues

Definition: Words and phrases that help the reader understand the meaning of unfamiliar words in a text.
Restatement: Rephrasing something so it is easier to understand
Synonym: Using a similar word to understand the meaning
Contrast: Using opposite terms to clarify context

Multiple-Meaning Words

Definition: Words that have different meanings, dependent on context.
Examples: Compromise has different connotations as a noun and a verb.

Connotation

Definition: The implied or associative meaning beyond a literal definition of a word
Example: "Household" has a neutral connotation, but "Home" suggests positive qualities such as warmth, comfort, and security to readers.

Denotation

Definition: The literal or dictionary-based meaning of a word.
Example: "Household" refers to a group of people living together, in a literal sense

Symbolism

Definition: The use of symbols to represent an aspect or an idea that goes beyond their literal meaning.
Example: In the poetry, a "crystal staircase" represents life's journey in a way that evokes specific imagery.

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Description

Explore the themes of determination in this study guide focusing on the inspiring stories of Bethany Hamilton and Darrius Simmons. Delve into vocabulary and concepts that highlight how persistence can overcome life's challenges. Prepare to engage with the materials and gain a deeper understanding of perseverance.