Contemporary Arts in the Philippines - LESSON 5 - CPAR PDF

CONTEMPORARY ARTS IN THE PHILIPPINES Filipino Artists and Their Contribution to Contemporary Arts LESSON 5: National Artists of the Philippines and their Contributions  At the end of the lesson student should be able to attain: 1. Identify the works of National Artists and recog...

CONTEMPORARY ARTS IN THE PHILIPPINES Filipino Artists and Their Contribution to Contemporary Arts LESSON 5: National Artists of the Philippines and their Contributions  At the end of the lesson student should be able to attain: 1. Identify the works of National Artists and recognize their contributions to Philippine art and culture. 2. Appreciate the value of the National Artists awardees through painting, drawing or performance. NATIONAL ARTISTS OF THE PHILIPPINES AND THEIR CONTRIBUTION What is the National Artists Award?  What is the National Artists Award? Among the different honors and acknowledgment instruments, the National Artists Award (NAA) presents the most elevated type of acknowledgment to Filipino craftsmen for their noteworthy commitments in expressions of the human experience and letters.  What is the National Artists Award? It is the highest national acknowledgment given to Filipino people who have made noteworthy commitments to improving Philippine expressions, particularly Music, Dance, Theater, Visual Arts, Literature, Film, Broadcast Arts, and Architecture and allied arts. The request is mutually directed by the National Commission for Culture and the Arts (NCCA) and the Cultural Center of the Philippines (CCP) and given by the President of the Philippines upon suggestion by the two organizations.  What is the National Artists Award? It has a similar glory as the GAMABA and the National Scientist Award. The honor is presented regularly through a thorough consultation and determination process mutually encouraged by two significant social workplaces, the National Commission on Culture and expressions of the human experience, and the social focal point of the Philippines.  What is the National Artists Award? NAA was built up in 1972 under Presidential Decree No. 1001 gave by then President Ferdinand Marcos. The first was Fernando Amorsolo, who was presented the honor after death. Much has changed since the organization of the honor. As of this composition, the list has included 66 awardees from seven disciplinal zones, to be specific: engineering, structure and associated expressions, film and communicate expressions, visual expressions, writing, move, The National Artist of the Philippines are based on a broad criteria, as set forth by the Cultural Center of the Philippines and the National Commission on Culture and the Arts:  The National Artists of the Philippines are based on broad criteria, as set forth by the cultural Center of the Philippines and the National Commission on Living artists who have been Filipino citizens for the last ten years prior to nominations well as those who have died after the establishment of the award in 1972 but were Filipino citizens at the time of their death. The National Artists of the Philippines are based on broad criteria, as set forth by the cultural Center of the Philippines and the National Commission on Artists who have helped build a Filipino sense of nationhood through the content and form of their works.  The National Artists of the Philippines are based on broad criteria, as set forth by the cultural Center of the Philippines and the National Commission on Artists who have distinguished themselves by pioneering in a mode of creative expression or style, making an impact on succeeding generations of artists. The National Artists of the Philippines are based on broad criteria, as set forth by the cultural Center of the Philippines and the National Commission on Artists who have created a significant body of works and/or have consistently displayed excellence in the practice of their art form, enriching artistic expression or style;  The National Artists of the Philippines are based on broad criteria, as set forth by the cultural Center of the Philippines and the National Commission on Artists who enjoy broad acceptance through prestigious national and/or international recognition, awards in prestigious national and/or international events, critical acclaim and/or reviews of their works, and/or respect, and esteem from peers within an artistic discipline National Artists of the Philippines National Artists of the Philippines PABLO S. ANTONIO National Artist for Architecture (1976) (January 25, 1902 – June 14, 1975) His basic design is grounded on simplicity, no clutter. The lines are clean and smooth, and where There are curves, these are made integral to the structure. National Artists of the Philippines PABLO S. ANTONIO National Artist for Architecture (1976) (January 25, 1902 – June 14, 1975) Antonio’s major works include the following: Far Eastern University Administration and Science buildings; Manila Polo Club; Ideal Theater; Lyric Theater; Galaxy Theater; Capitan Luis Gonzaga Building; Boulevard-Alhambra (nowBel-Air)apartments; Ramon Roces Publications Building (now Guzman Institute of Electronics) National Artists of the Philippines LEANDRO V. LOCSIN National Artist for Architecture, 1990 (August 15, 1928 – November 15, 1994 He reshaped the urban landscape with a distinctive architecture reflectiveof Philippine Art and Culture. He believes that the true Philippine Architecture is “the product of two great streams of culture, the oriental and the occidental… to produce a newobject of profound harmony.” It is this synthesis that underlies all his works, with his achievementsinconcrete reflecting his mastery of space and scale. National Artists of the Philippines LEANDRO V. LOCSIN National Artist for Architecture, 1990 (August 15, 1928 – November 15, 1994 Locsin’s largest single work is the Istana Nurul Iman, the palace of the Sultan of Brunei, which has a floor area of 2.2 million square feet. The CCP Complex itself is a virtual Locsin Complex with all five buildings designed by him—the Cultural Center of the Philippines, Folk Arts Theater, Philippine International Convention Center, Philcite and The West in Hotel (now Sofitel Philippine Plaza). National Artists of the Philippines JUAN F. NAKPIL National Artist for Architecture, 1973 (May 26, 1899 – May 7, 1986) An architect, teacher, and civic leader is a pioneer and innovator in Philippine architecture. Nakpil’s greatest contribution is his belief that there is such a thing as Philippine Architecture, espousing architecture reflective of Philippine traditions and culture. National Artists of the Philippines JUAN F. NAKPIL National Artist for Architecture, 1973 (May 26, 1899 – May 7, 1986) Among others, Nakpil’s major works are the Geronimo de los Reyes Building, Magsaysay Building, Rizal Theater, Capitol Theater, Captain Pepe Building, Manila Jockey Club, Rufino Building, Philippine Village Hotel, University of the Philippines Administration and University Library, and the reconstructed Rizal house in Calamba, National Artists of the Philippines ILDEFONSO P. SANTOS, JR. National Artist for Architecture, 2006 (September 5, 1929 – January 29, 2014) Ildefonso Paez Santos, Jr., distinguished himself by pioneering the practice of landscape architecture–an allied field of architecture–in the Philippines and then producing four decades of exemplary and engaging work that has included hundreds of parks, plazas, gardens, and a wide range of outdoor settings that have enhanced contemporary Filipino life. National Artists of the Philippines ILDEFONSO P. SANTOS, JR. National Artist for Architecture, 2006 (September 5, 1929 – January 29, 2014) Santos, Jr., who grew up in Malabon, made his first mark with the Makati Commercial Center where he introduced a new concept of outdoor shopping with landscaped walks, fountains and sculptures as accents. Santos, Jr.’s contribution to modern Filipino landscape architecture was the seminal public landscape in Paco Park. Santos, Jr.’smost recent projects were the Tagaytay Highland Resort, the Mt. Malarayat Golf and Country Club in Lipa, Batangas, and the Orchard Golf and Country Club in Imus, Cavite. National Artists of the Philippines FRANCISCO T. MANOSA National Artist for Architecture and Allied Arts (2018) Birthday: 12 February 1931 For all his more than 60 years of architecture life, Arc. Bobby Mañosa designed Filipino. From the 1960s in his landmark design of the Sulo Hotel until his retirement about 2015, he courageously and passionately created original Filipino forms, spaces with intricate and refined details. But what is most valuable is that Mañosa was in the heart and soul of a Philippine architectural movement. He has developed a legacy of Philippine architecture, which is essential to our Filipino identity and at the same time, deeply appreciated andshared in our world today National Artists of the Philippines LAMBERTO V. AVELLANA National Artist for Theater andFilm (1976) (February 12, 1915 – April 25, 1991) director for theater and film, has the distinction of being called “The Boy Wonder of Philippine Movies” as early as 1939. He was the first to use the motionpicturecamera to establish a point-of-view, a move that revolutionized the techniques of film narration. National Artists of the Philippines LAMBERTO V. AVELLANA National Artist for Theater andFilm (1976) (February 12, 1915 – April 25, 1991) Sakay was declared the best picture of 1939 by critics and journalists a like andset the tone for Avellana’s career in film that would be capped by such distinctive achievements as the Grand Prix at the Asian Film Festival in Hong Kong for Anak Dalita (1956); Best Director of Asia award in Tokyo for Badjao, among others. National Artists of the Philippines LAMBERTO V. AVELLANA National Artist for Theater andFilm (1976) (February 12, 1915 – April 25, 1991) Avellana was also the first filmmaker to have his film Kandelerong Pilak shown at the Cannes International Film Festival. Among the films he directed for worldwide release were Sergeant Hasan (1967), Destination Vietnam (1969), and The Evil Within (1970). National Artists of the Philippines LINO BROCKA National Artist for Film and Broadcast Arts (1997) (April 3, 1939 – May 22, 1991) Catalino “Lino” Ortiz Brocka, director for film and broadcast arts, espoused the term “freedom of expression” in the Philippine Constitution. Brocka took his social activist spirit to the screen leaving behind 66 films which breathed life and hope for the marginalized sectors of society — slum-dwellers, prostitutes, construction workers, etc. National Artists of the Philippines LINO BROCKA National Artist for Film and Broadcast Arts (1997) (April 3, 1939 – May 22, 1991) He also directed for theater with equal zeal and served in organizations that offer alternative visions, like the Philippine Educational Theater Association (PETA) and the Concerned Artists of the Philippines (CAP). At the same time, he garnered awards and recognition from institutions like the CCP, FAMAS, TOYM, and Cannes Film Festival. National Artists of the Philippines ISHMAEL BERNAL National Artist for Cinema (2001) (September 30, 1938 – June 2, 1996) Ishmael Bernal was a filmmaker of the first order and one of the very fewwhocanbe truly called a maestro. Critics have hailed him as “the genius of Philippine cinema.” National Artists of the Philippines ISHMAEL BERNAL National Artist for Cinema (2001) (September 30, 1938 – June 2, 1996) Among his notable films are “Pahiram ng Isang Umaga” (1989), “BrokenMarriage” (1983), “Himala” (1982), “City After Dark” (1980), and “Nunal sa Tubig” (1976). Hewasrecognized as the Director of the Decade of the 1970s by the Catholic Mass Media Awards; four-time Best Director by the Urian Awards (1989, 1985, 1983, and 1977); and giventheASEAN Cultural Award in Communication Arts in 1993. National Artists of the Philippines FERNANDO POE, JR. National Artist for Cinema (2006) (August 20, 1939 – December 14, 2004) Ronald Allan K. Poe, popularly known as Fernando Poe, Jr., was a cultural icon of tremendous audience impact and cinema artist and craftsman–as actor, director, writer and producer. National Artists of the Philippines FERNANDO POE, JR. National Artist for Cinema (2006) (August 20, 1939 – December 14, 2004) The image of the underdog was projected in his films such as ApolloRobles(1961), Batang Maynila (1962), Mga Alabok sa Lupa (1967), Batang Matador andBatang Estibador (1969), Ako ang Katarungan (1974), Tatak ng Alipin(1975), Totoy Bato (1977), Asedillo (1981), Partida (1985), and Ang Probisyano (1996), amongmanyothers. The mythical hero, on the other hand, was highlighted in Ang Alamat (1972), National Artists of the Philippines FERNANDO POE, JR. National Artist for Cinema (2006) (August 20, 1939 – December 14, 2004) Ang Pagbabalik ng Lawin (1975) including his Panday series (1980, 1981, 1982, 1984) and the action adventure films adapted from komiks materials such as Ang Kampana sa Santa Quiteria(1971), Santo Domingo (1972), and Alupihang Dagat (1975), among others. National Artists of the Philippines FERNANDO POE, JR. National Artist for Cinema (2006) (August 20, 1939 – December 14, 2004) Poewas born in Manila on August 20, 1939. After the death of his father, he dropped out of the University of the East in his sophomore year to support his family. He was the second of six siblings. He married actress Susan Roces in a civil ceremony in December 1968. He died on December 14, 2004. National Artists of the Philippines KIDLAT TAHIMIK National Artist for Film (2018) Birthday: 3 October 1942 Kidlat Tahimik has continually invented himself through his cinema, and so his cinemaisassingular as the man. His debut film, Mababangong Bangungot (1977), was praised bycriticsand filmmakers from Europe, North America, Asia, and Africa and is still considered by manyas a pioneering postcolonial essay film National Artists of the Philippines KIDLAT TAHIMIK National Artist for Film (2018) Birthday: 3 October 1942 Tahimik’s intense independence as an artist and, at the same time, the film itself called for Filipinos to actively live out their independenceandnot allow their culture to be imperialized by the west. Kidlat’s “imperfect” filmis an exemplarof what is worldwide known as “Third Cinema,” a cinema that is critical of neocolonial exploitation and state oppression. National Artists of the Philippines FERNANDO AMORSOLO National Artist for Visual Arts (May 30, 1892 – April 24, 1972 Fernando C. Amorsolo the first National Artist awardee. He was titled “Grand Old Man of Philippine Art” was bestowed on Amorsolo when the Manila Hilton inaugurated its art center on January 23, 1969, with an exhibit of a selection of his works. National Artists of the Philippines FERNANDO AMORSOLO National Artist for Visual Arts (May 30, 1892 – April 24, 1972 Among others, his major works include the following: Maiden in a Stream(1921)-GSIS collection; El Ciego (1928)-Central Bank of the Philippines collection; Dalagang Bukid (1936) – Club Filipino collection; The Mestiza (1943) – National Museum of the Philippines collection; Planting Rice (1946)-UCPB collection; Sunday Morning Going to Town (1958)-Ayala Museum Collection. National Artists of the Philippines HERNANDO R. OCAMPO National Artist for Visual Arts (1991) (April 28, 1911 – December 28, 1978) He is a self-taught painter and was a leading member of the pre-war Thirteen Moderns, the group that charted the course of modern art in the Philippines. His works provided an understanding and awareness of the harsh social realities in thecountryimmediately after the Second World War and contributed significantly to the riseof the nationalist spirit in the post-war era. National Artists of the Philippines HERNANDO R. OCAMPO National Artist for Visual Arts (1991) (April 28, 1911 – December 28, 1978) Ocampo’s acknowledged masterpiece Genesis served as the basis of the curtain design of the Cultural Center of the Philippines Main Theater. His other major works include Ina ng Balon, Calvary, Slum Dwellers, Nude with Candle and Flower, Man and Carabao, Angel’s Kiss, Palayok at Kalan, Ancestors, Isda at Mangga, The Resurrection, Fifty-three “Q”, Backdrop, Fiesta. National Artists of the Philippines ABDULMARI ASIA IMAO National Artist for Visual Arts (2006) (January 14, 1936 – December 16, 2014) A native of Sulu, Abdulmari Asia Imao is a sculptor, painter, photographer, ceramist, documentary filmmaker, cultural researcher, writer, and articulator of Philippine Muslim art and culture. Through his works, the indigenous ukkil, sarimanok and naga motifs have been popularized and instilled in the consciousness of the Filipino nation and other peoples as original Filipino creations. National Artists of the Philippines ABDULMARI ASIA IMAO National Artist for Visual Arts (2006) (January 14, 1936 – December 16, 2014) Industry Brass Mural, Philippine National Bank, San Fernando, La Union Mural Relief on Filmmaking, Manila City Hall Industrial Mural, Central Bank of the Philippines, San Fernando, La Union Sulu Warriors (statues of Panglima Unaid and Captain AbdurahimImao), 6 ft., Sulu Provincial Capitol National Artists of the Philippines GUILLERMO TOLENTINO National Artist for Sculpture (1973) (July 24, 1890 – July 12, 1976) Guillermo Estrella Tolentino is a product of the Revival period in Philippine art. The result was the UP Oblation that became the symbol of freedom at the campus. Acknowledged as his masterpiece and completed in 1933, The Bonifacio Monument inCaloocan stands as an enduring symbol of the Filipinos’ cry for freedom Other works includethe bronze figures of President Quezon at Quezon Memorial, National Artists of the Philippines GUILLERMO TOLENTINO National Artist for Sculpture (1973) (July 24, 1890 – July 12, 1976) Life-size busts of Jose Rizal at UP and UE, marble statue of Ramon Magsaysay in GSIS Building; granolithic of heroic statues representing education, medicine, forestry, veterinary science, fine arts and music at UP. He also designed the gold and bronze medals for the Ramon Magsaysay Award and did the seal of the Republic of the Philippines. National Artists of the Philippines GUILLERMO TOLENTINO National Artist for Sculpture (1973) (July 24, 1890 – July 12, 1976) Portrait, Night Glows,Grand Finale, Cities of the Past, Imaginary Landscapes. His mural painting Black and White is displayed in the lobby of the CCP’s Bulwagang Carlos V. Francisco (Little Theater). His sculpture of a stainless steel cube is located in front of the Benguet Mining Corporation Building in Pasig. National Artists of the Philippines LAURO “Larry” ALCALA National Artist for Visual Arts (2018) (18 August 1926-24 June 2002) His comic strips spiced up the slices of Filipino lives with witty illustrations executed throughout his 56 years of cartooning. He created over 500 characters and 20 comic strips in widely circulated publications. Alcala’s most iconic work, Slice of Life, not only made for decades long of widely circulated images of Filipino everyday life, it also symbolically became an experiential way for his followers to find a sense of self in the midst of an often cacophonic, raucous and at odds environment that Filipinos found themselves amidst. National Artists of the Philippines LAURO “Larry” ALCALA National Artist for Visual Arts Notable Works: (2018) (18 August 1926-24 June 2002) Slice of Life Weekend 1980-1986 Asiong Aksaya, Daily Express, Tagalog Klasiks, 1976-1984 Smolbatteribols, Darna Komiks 1972-1984 Siopawman, Daily Express, 1972-1983, 2002 Kalabogesyons, Pilipino Komiks, 1966-1972 National Artists of the Philippines FRANCISCO ARCELLANA National Artist for Literature (1990) (September 6, 1916 – August 1, 2002) Francisco Arcellana, writer, poet, essayist, critic, journalist, and teacher isone of the most important progenitors of the modern Filipino short story in English National Artists of the Philippines FRANCISCO ARCELLANA National Artist for Literature (1990) (September 6, 1916 – August 1, 2002) He pioneered the development of the short story as a lyrical prose-poetic form Abrilliant craftsman, his works are now an indispensable part of a tertiary-level-syllabi all over the country. Arcellana’s published books are Selected Stories (1962), Poetry and Politics: The State of Original Writing in English in the Philippines Today (1977), The Francisco Arcellana Sampler (1990). National Artists of the Philippines EDITH L. TIEMPO National Artist for Literature (1999) (April 22, 1919 – August 21, 2011) A poet, fictionist, teacher and literary critic, Edith L. Tiempo is one of the finest Filipino writers in English. Her works are characterized by a remarkable fusion of style and substance, of craftsmanship and insight. Born on April 22, 1919 in Bayombong, Nueva Vizcaya, her poems are intricate verbal transfigurations of significant experiences as revealed, in two of her much-anthologized pieces, “The Little Marmoset” and “Bonsai”. National Artists of the Philippines EDITH L. TIEMPO National Artist for Literature (1999) (April 22, 1919 – August 21, 2011) As fictionist, Tiempo is as morally profound. Her language has been marked as “descriptivebut unburdened by scrupulous detailing.” She is an influential tradition in Philippine literatureinEnglish. Together with her late husband, Edilberto K. Tiempo, she founded and directedtheSilliman National Writers Workshop in Dumaguete City, which has produced someof thecountry’s best writers. National Artists of the Philippines BIENVENIDO LUMBERA National Artist for Literature (2006) Bienvenido Lumbera, is a poet, librettist, and scholar. As a poet, he introduced toTagalogliterature what is now known as Bagay poetry, a landmark aesthetic tendency that hashelped to change the vernacular poetic tradition. He is the author of the followingworks: Likhang Dila, Likhang Diwa (poems in Filipino and English), 1993; Balaybay, MgaTulang Lunot at Manibalang, 2002; Sa Sariling Bayan, Apat na Dulang MayMusika, 2004; “Agunyas sa Hacienda Luisita,” Pakikiramay, 2004. National Artists of the Philippines BIENVENIDO LUMBERA National Artist for Literature (2006) As a librettist for the Tales of the Manuvu and Rama Hari, he pioneered the creative fusion of fine arts and popular imagination. As a scholar his major books include the following: Tagalog Poetry, 1570-1898: Tradition and Influences in its Development; Philippine Literature: A History and Anthology, Revaluation: Essays on Philippine Literature, Writing the Nation/Pag-akda ng Bansa. National Artists of the Philippines VIRGILIO S. ALMARIO National Artist for 2003 He is also known as Rio Alma, is a poet, literary historian, and critic, who has revivedand reinvented traditional Filipino poetic forms, even as he championed modernist poetics. In 34 years, he has published 12 books of poetry, which includetheseminal Makinasyon and Peregrinasyon, and the landmark trilogy DoktrinangAnakpawis, Mga Retrato at Rekwerdo and Muli, Sa Kandungan ng Lupa National Artists of the Philippines VIRGILIO S. ALMARIO National Artist for 2003 In these works, his poetic voice soared from the lyrical to the satirical to the epic, from the dramatic to the incantatory, in his often severe examination of the self, and the society. National Artists of the Philippines RAMON L. MUZONES National Artist for Literature (2018) (20 March 1913-17 August 1992) Ramon Muzones was a Hiligaynon poet, essayist, short story writer, critic, grammarian, editor, lexicographer, and novelist who authored an unprecedented61completed novels. A number of these represent groundbreaking “firsts’ in Hiligaynon literature such as the feminist Ang Bag-ong Maria Clara, the roman a clef Maambong Nga Sapat (Magnificent Brute,1940), the comic Si Tamblot (1946) National Artists of the Philippines RAMON L. MUZONES National Artist for Literature (2018) (20 March 1913-17 August 1992) the politically satirical Si Tamblot Kandidato Man (Tamblot is Also a Candidate, 1949), the 125- installment longest serialized novel Dama de Noche (1982-84), etc. Hailed by his peers as the longest reigning (1938-1972) among “the three kings of the Hiligaynon novel,” Muzones brought about its most radical changes while ushering in modernism. National Artists of the Philippines RAMON L. MUZONES National Artist for Literature (2018) (20 March 1913-17 August 1992) With a literary career that spanned fifty three years (1938-1990), his evolution covers the whole history of the Hiligaynon novel from its rise in the 1940s to its decline in the 1970s. Muzones tried his hand at a variety of types and proved adept in all as literary fashions. In the process, he not only extended with remarkable versatility and inventiveness the scope and style of the Hiligaynon novel, but he also enriched Hiligaynon literature’s dramatis personae. National Artists of the Philippines RAMON L. MUZONES National Artist for Literature (2018) (20 March 1913-17 August 1992) Notable Works: Shri-Bishaya (1969) Malala nga Gutom (Malignant Hunger,1965) Babae Batuk sa Kalibutan (Woman Against the World,1959) Ang Gugma sang Gugma Bayaran (Love with Love Be Paid, 1955) Si Tamblot (1948) Margosatubig (1946) National Artists of the Philippines RAMON VALERA National Artist for Fashion Design (2006) (August 31, 1912 – May 25, 1972) The contribution of Ramon Valera, whose family hails from Abra, lies in the tradition of excellence of his works, and his commitment to his profession, performing his magical seminal innovations on the Philippine terno. National Artists of the Philippines RAMON VALERA National Artist for Fashion Design (2006) (August 31, 1912 – May 25, 1972) Valera is said to have given the country its visual icon to the world via the terno. In the early40s, Valera produced a single piece of clothing from a four-piece ensemble consisting of a blouse, skirt, overskirt, and long scarf. He unified the components of the baro’t saya into a single dress with exaggerated bell sleeves, cinched at the waist, grazing the ankle, and zipped up at the back. National Artists of the Philippines RAMON VALERA National Artist for Fashion Design (2006) (August 31, 1912 – May 25, 1972) Using zipper in place of hooks was already a radical change for the country’s elite then. Dropping the panuelo–the longfolded scarf hanging down the chest, thus serving as the Filipina’s gesture of modesty– from the entire ensemble became a bigger shock for the women then. Valera constructed the terno’s butterfly sleeves, giving them a solid, built-in but hiddensupport. To the world, the butterfly sleeves became the terno’s defining feature. National Artists of the Philippines SALVADOR F. BERNAL National Artist for Theater Design (2003) (January 7, 1945 – October 26, 2011) Salvador F. Bernal designed more than 300 productions distinguished for their originality. Sensitive to the budget limitations of local productions, he harnessed the design potential of inexpensive local materials, pioneering or maximizing the use of bamboo, rawabaca, andabaca fiber, hemp twine, rattan chain links and gauze cacha. National Artists of the Philippines SALVADOR F. BERNAL National Artist for Theater Design (2003) (January 7, 1945 – October 26, 2011) As the acknowledged guru of contemporary Filipino theater design, Bernal shared his skills with younger designers through his classes at the University of the Philippines and the Ateneo de Manila University, and through the programs he created for the CCP Production Design Center which he himself conceptualized and organized. National Artists of the Philippines CARLOS QUIRINO National Artist for Historical Literature (1997) (January 14, 1910 – May 20, 1999) Carlos Quirino, a biographer, has the distinction of having written one of the earliest biographies of Jose Rizal titled The Great Malayan. Quirino’s books and articles span the whole gamut of Philippine history and culture–from Bonifacio’s trial to Aguinaldo’sbiography, from Philippine cartography to culinary arts, from cash crops to tycoonsandpresident’s lives, National Artists of the Philippines CARLOS QUIRINO National Artist for Historical Literature (1997) (January 14, 1910 – May 20, 1999) In 1997, Pres. Fidel Ramos created historical literature as a new category in the National Artist Awards and Quirino was its first recipient. He made a record earlier on when he became the very first Filipino correspondent for the United Press Institute National Artists of the Philippines CARLOS QUIRINO National Artist for Historical Literature (1997) (January 14, 1910 – May 20, 1999) His book Maps and Views of Old Manila is considered as the best book on the subject. His other books include Quezon, Man of Destiny, Magsaysay of the Philippines, Lives of the Philippine Presidents, Philippine Cartography, The History of Philippine Sugar Industry, Filipino Heritage: The Making of a Nation, Filipino sat War: The Fight for Freedom from Mactan to EDSA. National Artists of the Philippines FRANCISCA REYES AQUINO National Artist for Dance (1973) (March 9, 1899 – November 21, 1983) Francisca Reyes Aquino is acknowledged as the Folk-Dance Pioneer. This Bulakeña began her research on folk dances in the 1920s making trips to remote barrios in Central and Northern Luzon. National Artists of the Philippines FRANCISCA REYES AQUINO National Artist for Dance (1973) (March 9, 1899 – November 21, 1983) Her research on the unrecorded forms of local celebration, ritual, and sport resulted into a 1926 thesis titled “Philippine Folk Dances and Games,” and arranged specificallyfor use by teachers and playground instructors in public and private schools. National Artists of the Philippines FRANCISCA REYES AQUINO National Artist for Dance (1973) (March 9, 1899 – November 21, 1983) Her books include the following: Philippine National Dances (1946); GymnasticsforGirls (1947); Fundamental Dance Steps and Music (1948); Foreign Folk Dances (1949); Dances for all Occasion (1950); Playground Demonstration(1951); and Philippine Folk Dances, Volumes I to VI. National Artists of the Philippines RAMON OBUSAN National Artist for Dance (2006) (June 16, 1938 – December 21, 2006) Ramon Obusan was a dancer, choreographer, stage designer, and artistic director. He achieved phenomenal success in Philippine dance and cultural work. He was also acknowledged as a researcher, archivist, and documentary filmmaker who broadened and deepened the Filipino understanding of his own cultural life and expressions. National Artists of the Philippines RAMON OBUSAN National Artist for Dance (2006) (June 16, 1938 – December 21, 2006) Through the Ramon Obusan Folkloric Grop (ROFG), he affected cultural and diplomatic exchanges using the multifarious aspects and dimensions of the art of dance. mong the full-length productions he choreographed are the following: National Artists of the Philippines RAMON OBUSAN National Artist for Dance (2006) (June 16, 1938 – December 21, 2006) “Vamos a Belen! Series” (1998-2004) Philippine Dances Tradition“Noon Po sa Amin,” tableaux of Philippine History in song, drama and dance“Obra Maestra,” a collection of Ramon Obusan’s dance masterpieces “Unpublished Dances of the Philippines,” Series I-IV“Water, Fire and Life, Philippine Dances and Music–A Celebration of Life. SaludosaSentenyal”“Glimpses of ASEAN, Dances, and Music of the ASEAN-Member Countries”“Saplot (Ramon Obusan Folkloric Group): Philippines Costumes in Dance National Artists of the Philippines ALICE REYES National Artist for Dance (2014) She is a dancer, choreographer, teacher, and director, she has made a lasting impact on the development and promotion of contemporary dance in the Philippines. Her dance legacy is evident in the dance companies, teachers, choreographers, and the exciting Filipino modern dance repertoire of our country today. Her biggest contribution to Philippine dance is the development of a distinctly Filipino modern dance idiom. National Artists of the Philippines ALICE REYES National Artist for Dance (2014) Utilizing inherently Filipino materials and subject matters expressed through a combination of movements and styles from Philippine indigenous dance, modern dance, and classical ballet she has successfully created a contemporary dance language that is uniquely Filipino. National Artists of the Philippines ALICE REYES National Artist for Dance (2014) Utilizing inherently Filipino materials and subject matters expressed through a combination of movements and styles from Philippine indigenous dance, modern dance, and classical ballet she has successfully created a contemporary dance language that is uniquely Filipino. National Artists of the Philippines ALICE REYES National Artist for Dance (2014) Her masterpiece Amada to the modern dance classic Itim-Asu, to her last major work Bayanihan Remembered which she staged for Ballet Philippines Among her majorworks: Amada (1969), At a Maranaw Gathering (1970) Itim-Asu (1971), Talesof theManuvu (1977), Rama Hari (1980), Bayanihan Remembered (1987). National Artists of the Philippines LEONOR OROSA GOQUINGCO National Artist for Dance (July 24, 1917 – July 15, 2005) Dubbed the “Trailblazer”, “Mother of Philippine Theater Dance” and “Dean of FilipinoPerforming Arts Critics”, Leonor Orosa Goquingco, pioneer Filipino choreographer in balletic folkloric and Asian styles, produced for over 50 years highly original, first-of-a-kind choreographies, mostly to her own storylines. National Artists of the Philippines LEONOR OROSA GOQUINGCO National Artist for Dance (July 24, 1917 – July 15, 2005) These include “TREND: Return to Native,” “In a Javanese Garden,” “Sports,” “VINTA!,” “In a Concentration Camp,” “The Magic Garden,” “The Clowns,” “Firebird,” “Noli Dance Suite,” “The Flagellant,” “The Creation…” Seen as her most ambitious work is the dance epic “Filipinescas: Philippine Life, Legend and Lore.” With it, Brought native folk dance, mirroring Philippine culture from pagan to modern times, to its highest stage of development National Artists of the Philippines LUCRECIA REYES-URTULA National Artist for Dance (1988) (June 29, 1929 – August 4, 1999) A choreographer, dance educator, and researcher, spent almost four decades in the discovery and study of Philippine folk and ethnic dances. She applied her findings to project a new example of an ethnic dance culture that goes beyond simple preservation and growth. Over a period of thirty years, she had choreographed suites of mountain dances, Spanish-influenced dances, Muslim pageants and festivals, regional variations and dances of the countryside for the Bayanihan Philippine Dance Company of which the dance director National Artists of the Philippines LUCRECIA REYES-URTULA National Artist for Dance (1988) (June 29, 1929 – August 4, 1999) These dances have all earned critical acclaim and rave reviewsfromaudiences in their world tours in Americas, Europe, Asia, Australia and Africa. Amongthewidely acclaimed dances she had staged were the following: Singkil, a Bayanihan signaturenumber based on a Maranao epic poem; Vinta, a dance honoring Filipinosailingprowess; Tagabili, a tale of tribal conflict; Pagdiwata, a four-day harvest festival condensedinto a six-minute breath-taking spectacle; Salidsid, a mountain wedding dance; Idaw, Banga and Aires de Verbena. National Artists of the Philippines ANTONINO BUENAVENTURA National Artist for Music (1988) (May 4, 1904 – January 25, 1996) In 1935, Buenaventura joined Francisca Reyes-Aquino to conduct research on folksongs and dances that led to its popularization. Buenaventura composed songs, and compositions, for solo instruments as well as symphonic and orchestral works based on the folksongs of various Philippine ethnic groups. National Artists of the Philippines ANTONINO BUENAVENTURA National Artist for Music (1988) (May 4, 1904 – January 25, 1996) He was also a conductor and restored the Philippine Army Band to its former prestige as one of the finest military bands in the world making it “the only band that can sound like a symphony orchestra”. This once sickly boy who played the clarinet proficiently has written several marches such as the “Triumphal March,” “Echoes of the Past,” “History Fantasy,” Second Symphony in E-flat, “Echoes from the Philippines,” “Ode to Freedom.” His orchestral music compositions include Concert Overture, Prelude and fugue in G Minor, Philippines Triumphant, Mindanao Sketches, Symphony in C major, among others. National Artists of the Philippines JOSE MACEDA National Artist for Music (1997) (January 31, 1917 – May 5, 2004) Jose Maceda, composer, musicologist, teacher, and performer, explored the musicality of the Filipino deeply. Maceda embarked on a lifelong dedication to the understanding and popularization of Filipino traditional music. He wrote papers that enlightened scholars, both Filipino and foreign, about the nature of Philippine traditional and ethnic music National Artists of the Philippines JOSE MACEDA National Artist for Music (1997) (January 31, 1917 – May 5, 2004) Maceda’s experimentation also freed Filipino musical expression from the extremely Eurocentric mold. Usually performed as a communal ritual, his compositions likeUgma- ugma(1963), Pagsamba (1968), and Udlot-udlot (1975), are monuments to his unflagging commitment to Philippine music. Other major works include Agungan, Kubing, Pagsamba, Ugnayan, Ading, Aroding, Siasid, Suling-suling. National Artists of the Philippines LUCRECIA R. KASILAG National Artist for Music August 31, 1918 – August, 2008 An educator, composer, performing artist, administrator, and cultural entrepreneur of national and international caliber, had involved herself wholly in sharpening the Filipino audience’s appreciation of music. National Artists of the Philippines LUCRECIA R. KASILAG National Artist for Music August 31, 1918 – August, 2008 She dared to incorporate indigenous Filipino instruments in orchestral productions, such as the prize-winning “Toccata for Percussions and Winds, Divertissement and concertante,” and the scores of the Filiasiana, Misang Pilipino, and De Profundis. “TitaKing”, as she was fondly called, worked closely as music director with colleagues LucresiaReyes-Urtula, Isabel Santos, Jose Lardizabal and Dr. Leticia P. de Guzman National Artists of the Philippines LUCRECIA R. KASILAG National Artist for Music August 31, 1918 – August, 2008 and made Bayanihan Philippine Dance Company one of the premier artistic and cultural groups in the country. Her orchestral music includes Love Songs, Legend of the Sarimanok, Ang Pamana, Philippine Scenes, Her Son, Jose, Sisa and chamber music like Awit ng mgaAwit Psalms, Fantaisie on a 4-Note Theme, and East Meets Jazz Ethnika. National Artists of the Philippines ERNANI J. CUENCO National Artist for Music (1999) (May 10, 1936 – June 11, 1988) Ernani J. Cuenco is a seasoned musician born on May 10, 1936 in Malolos, Bulacan. A composer, film scorer, musical director, and music teacher, he wroteanoutstanding and memorable body of work that resonates with the Filipino sense of musicalityand which embody an ingenious voice that raises the aesthetic dimensions of contemporaryFilipino music National Artists of the Philippines ERNANI J. CUENCO National Artist for Music (1999) (May 10, 1936 – June 11, 1988) Cuenco played with the Filipino Youth Symphony Orchestra and the Manila Symphony Orchestra from 1960 to 1968, and the Manila Chamber Soloists from 1966 to 1970. He completed a music degree in piano and cello from the University of Santo Tomas where he also taught for decades until he died in 1988. His songs and ballads include“Nahan, Kahit na Magtiis,” and “Diligin Mo ng Hamog ang Uhaw na Lupa,” “Pilipinas,” “Inang Bayan,” “Isang Dalangin,” “Kalesa,” “Bato sa Buhangin” and “Gaano Kita Kamahal.” The latter song shows how Cuenco has enriched the Filipino love ballad by adding the elements of kundiman to it. National Artists of the Philippines DAISY H. AVELLANA National Artist for Theater (1999) (January 26, 1917 – May 12, 2013) Daisy H. Avellana, is an actor, director, and writer. Born in Roxas City, Capiz on January 26, 1917, she elevated legitimate theater and dramatic arts to a new level of excellence by staging and performing in breakthrough productions of classic Filipino and foreign plays and by encouraging the establishment of performing groups and the professionalization of Filipino theater. National Artists of the Philippines DAISY H. AVELLANA National Artist for Theater (1999) (January 26, 1917 – May 12, 2013) Together with her husband, National Artist Lamberto Avellana, and other artists, she-founded the Barangay Theatre Guild in 1939 which paved the way for the popularization of theatre and dramatic arts in the country, utilizing radio and television National Artists of the Philippines ROLANDO S. TINIO National Artist for Theater and Literature (1997) (March 5, 1937 – July 7, 1997) Rolando S. Tinio, playwright, thespian, poet, teacher, critic, and translator marked his career with prolific artistic productions. Tinio’s chief distinction is as a stage director whose original insights into the scripts he handled brought forth productions notable for their visual impact and intellectual cogency. Subsequently, after staging productions for theAteneoExperimental Theater (its organizer and administrator as well), he took on Teatro Pilipino. National Artists of the Philippines ROLANDO S. TINIO National Artist for Theater and Literature (1997) (March 5, 1937 – July 7, 1997) It was to Teatro Pilipino which he left a considerable amount of work reviving traditional Filipino drama by re-staging old theater forms like the sarsuela and opening a treasure- house of contemporary Western drama. It was the excellence and beauty of his practicethat claimed for theater a place among the arts in the Philippines in the 1960s. National Artists of the Philippines ROLANDO S. TINIO National Artist for Theater and Literature (1997) (March 5, 1937 – July 7, 1997) Aside from his collections of poetry (Sitsit sa Kuliglig, Dunung – Dunungan, Kristal na Uniberso, ATrickof Mirrors) among his works were the following: film scripts for Now and Forever, GamitinMo Ako, Bayad Puri and Milagros; sarswelas Ang Mestisa, Ako, Ang Kiri, Ana Maria; the komedya Orosman at Zafira; and Larawan, the musical. National Artists of the Philippines WILFRIDO MA. GUERRERO National Artist for Theater (1997) (January 22, 1910 – April 28, 1995) Wilfrido Ma. Guerrero is a teacher and theater artist whose 35 years of devoted professorship have produced the most sterling luminaries in Philippine performing arts today: Behn Cervantes, Celia Diaz-Laurel, Joy Virata, Joonee Gamboa, etc. In 1947, he was appointed as UP Dramatic Club director and served for 16 years. As founder and artistic director of the UP Mobile Theater, he pioneered the concept of theater campus tour and delivered no less than 2,500 performances in a span of 19 committed years of service. National Artists of the Philippines WILFRIDO MA. GUERRERO National Artist for Theater (1997) (January 22, 1910 – April 28, 1995) By bringing theatre to the countryside, Guerrero made it possible for students and audiences, in general, to experience the basic grammar of staging and acting in familiar and friendly ways through his plays that humorously reflect the behavior of the Filipino. His plays include Halfan Hour in a Convent, Wanted: A Chaperon, Forever, Condemned, Perhaps, InUnity, Deep in My Heart, Three Rats, Our Strange Ways, The Forsaken House, Frustrations. National Artists of the Philippines HONORATA “ATANG” DELA RAMA National Artist for Theater and Music (1987) (January 11, 1902 – July 11, 1991) Honorata “Atang” Dela Rama was formally honored as the Queen of Kundimanin1979, then already 74 years old singing the same song (“Nabasag na Banga”) that she sang as a 15-year-old girl in the sarsuela’s Dalagang Bukid. Atang became the very first actress in the very first locally produced Filipino film when she essayed the same role in the Sarsuela’s film version. National Artists of the Philippines HONORATA “ATANG” DELA RAMA National Artist for Theater and Music (1987) (January 11, 1902 – July 11, 1991) As early as age seven, Atang was already being cast in Spanish zarzuelas such as Mascota, Sueño de un Vals, and Marina. She counts the role of an orphan in Pangarap ni Rosa as her most rewarding and satisfying role that she played realism, the stage sparkling with silver coins tossed by a teary-eyed audience National Artists of the Philippines HONORATA “ATANG” DELA RAMA National Artist for Theater and Music (1987) (January 11, 1902 – July 11, 1991) Atang passionately believes that the Sarsuela and the kundiman expresses best the Filipino soul, and even performed kundiman and other Filipino songs for the Aetas or Negritos of Zambales and the Sierra Madre, the Bagobos of Davao and other Lumad of Mindanao.