Lesson-4-Global-State-System.docx

LESSON 4:GLOBAL INTERSTATE SYSTEM GLOBAL INTERSTATE SYSTEM ============================================= - It is the whole system of human interactions.The modern world system is structured politically as an interstate system- a system of competing and allying states...

LESSON 4:GLOBAL INTERSTATE SYSTEM GLOBAL INTERSTATE SYSTEM ============================================= - It is the whole system of human interactions.The modern world system is structured politically as an interstate system- a system of competing and allying states. Political scientists commonly call this the international system and this focal point of the field of international relations. ( International Corporations) - World-systems are defined by the existence of a division of labor.The modern world- system has a multi state political structure ( the interstate system) and therefore its division of labor is international division of labor. - The division of labor consists of 3 zones according to the prevalence of profitable industries or activities: core, semi periphery and periphery. DIVISION OF LABOR ====================================== - Core- high income nations in the world economy.This is the manufacturing base of the planet where resources funnel in to become the technology and wealth enjoyed by the Western World today.They are dominant capitalist countries that exploit peripheral countries for labor and raw materials DIVISION OF LABOR ================= - Semi-periphery are the middle-income countries, such as India and Brazil.These are considered semi-periphery due to their closer ties to the global economic core. - Periphery countries share characteristic of both core and peripheral countries. - The low-income countries, whose natural resources or labor support the wealthier countries, 1st colonies and now by working for multinational corporations under neocolonialism.The countries are dependent on core countries for capital and have underdeveloped industry. GLOBAL INTERSTATE SYSTEM ============================================= - Resources are redistributed from the underdeveloped ( poor part of the world-the periphery) to developed countries ( core ) - Cyclical rhythms ( expansion, peak and contractions)represent the short term fluctuation of economy, while secular trends mean deeper long run tendencies, such as general economic growth or decline. - The term contradiction means a general controversy in the system, usually concerning some short term vs long term trade offs.The last temporal feature is the crisis; a crisis occurs if the constellation of circumstances brings about the end of the system. GLOBAL INTERSTATE SYSTEM ======================== - The world-system theory stresses that world-systems should be the basic unit of social analysis.Thus, we should focus not on individual states, but on the relations between their groupings ( core, semi-periphery, and periphery)  GLOBAL GOVERNANCE AND THE EFFECTS ================================= - Global Governance is sometimes referred to as " world governance". Global is a movement towards political cooperation among transnational actors, negotiating responses to problems that affect more than one state or region." Global Governance" may mean the process of designating laws, rules, or regulations intended for global scale. - Effects: Globalization restrains governments by inducing increased budgetary pressure. As a consequence, governments may attempt to curtail the welfare state, which is often seen as a drag on international competitiveness, by reducing especially their expenditure on transfers and subsidies. INTERNATIONALISM VS GLOBALIZATION ====================================================== - Internationalism refers to the increasing importance of international trade, relations, treaties, alliances, and many more. International means between or among nations.The basic unit remains the nation, even as relations among nations become increasingly necessary and important. - Globalization refers to global economic integration of many formerly national economies into one global economy, mainly by free trade and free capital mobility but also by easy or uncontrolled migration. It is the effective erasure of national boundaries for economic purposes. International trade ( governed by comparative advantage) becomes interregional trade ( governed by absolute advantage) - The national community embraced both national labor and national capital, these classes cooperated to produce national goods largely w/ national natural resources.These national goods then competed in the international markets against the goods of other nations, produced by their own national capital/labor teams using their own resources. This is internationalization as defined a while ago.