Anatomy & Physiology Lesson 3-A Human Skeleton PPT PDF

PRAYER  Prepared by: Ma’am Marites BPED IG Students Montallana BPE 103: Human Anatomy & Physiology VIEW CONTINU EXIT CREDITS...

PRAYER  Prepared by: Ma’am Marites BPED IG Students Montallana BPE 103: Human Anatomy & Physiology VIEW CONTINU EXIT CREDITS E  SEPTEMBER 7 2024 VIEW CONTINU EXIT CREDITS E  FACT or BLUFF VIEW CONTINU EXIT CREDITS E  Choose FACT if the ideas are correct and BLUFF if they are incorrect. VIEW CONTINU EXIT CREDITS E 1. The basic organizational structure of the human body is the cell. FACT BLUFF Scientific method is the step-by-step procedure in solving scientific problems. 2. Combination of cells can form tissues. FACT BLUFF 3. Thereare 50-100 thousand cells in the human body. FACT BLUFF 3. There are 50-100 trillion cells in the human body. 4. Majorparts of the cell include nucleus, cytoplasm and cell membrane FACT BLUFF 5. Cytoplasm is the outer limit that controls what moves in and out of the cell. FACT BLUFF 5. Plasma/Cell membrane is the outer limit that controls what moves in and out of the cell. 6. Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum is studded with ribosomes. FACT BLUFF 6. Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum is studded with ribosomes. 7. Ribosome is a cell organelle that provides structural support and enzyme activity to amino acids to form protein. FACT BLUFF 8. Lysosomes are enzyme-containing sacs that digest worn out cell parts or unwanted substances. FACT BLUFF 9. Perixome is a cell organelle that distributes chromosomes during cell division FACT BLUFF 9. Centrosome is a cell organelle that distributes chromosomes during cell division 9. Centrosome is a cell organelle that distributes chromosomes during cell division FACT BLUFF 10. Vesicles are membranous sacs with inner partitions that generate energy. FACT BLUFF 10. Mitochondria are membranous sacs with inner partitions that generate energy.  MOTIVATION GETTING READY TO THE NEW LESSON VIEW CONTINU EXIT CREDITS E Skeletal System  Functions Protects our organs (brain, intestines, etc.) Provides a framework for the movement of our body through our muscles Stores minerals that our body needs to function properly Produces blood cells  Divisions of Skeleton Axial Skeleton: consists of the 80 bones that make up the trunk of our body. Appendicular Skeleton: consists of the other 126 bones in the human body and make up our limbs.  Axial Skeleton Sections: Skull Spine (vertebral column) Ribcage  Appendicular Skeleton Sections: Arms and hands (upper extremities) Legs and feet (lower extremities) Shoulders Hips (pelvis)  Types of Bones: Long bones Short bones Flat bones Irregular bones Sesamoid bones  Long Bones Longer than wide Carry most the load of our daily activities Crucial for skeletal mobility Examples: thigh bone (femur), tibia, and fibula Long Bones  Short Bones Short bones are about as long as they are wide. Located in the wrist and ankle joints, short bones provide stability and some movement. Flat Bones Protect vital softer tissues Provide a surface for muscle attachments  Irregular Bones Bones which, from their peculiar form, cannot be grouped/define d like the other types of bones Protect nervous tissue  Sesamoid Bones Found in locations where a tendon passes over a joint, such as the hand, knee, and foot. Functionally, they act to protect the tendon and to increase its mechanical effect. Sesamoid Bones  Bones Bones have two inside parts: Compact bone Cancellous, or spongy, bone So named because of its holey appearance. Types of tissue that form bones Compact bone: – Supports the whole body – Protects organs – Provides levers for movement – Stores and releases chemical elements (calcium) – Dense, smooth and very strong – Contains living cells which help make repairs if a bone is injured or broken. Types of tissue that form bones Cancellous/spongy bone: – Typically occurs at the ends of long bones, proximal to joints and within the interior of vertebrae – Spongy and light weight – Also, like compact bone, contains living cells which help make repairs if a bone is injured or broken.  Ligaments The tissue that connects bones to other bones  Joints Joint: location where two or more bones make contact. Joints allow movement and provide mechanical support. There is a cartilage cushion in between the bones to keep them from touching directly – which would hurt!  Joints Examples of Joints  Tendons Muscle Tendons: attach muscles to bone. They are made out of a tough connective tissue Tendon and are capable of stretching to allow for movement. Bone  w ! v i e Re i ck Qu Joints  Axial Skeleton Sections: Skull Spine (vertebral column) Ribcage  Appendicular Skeleton Sections: Arms and hands (upper extremities) Legs and feet (lower extremities) Shoulders Hips (pelvis) Within our bodies we have many different parts which form our skeleton. These bones help to support and protect our bodies.  Skull 1 6 Scapula Ribcage 2 3 Spine 7 Pelvis 4 Hand bones 5 Foot bones  Our bones make up our skeleton. An adult has 206 bones in their skeleton. A baby's body has about 300 bones at birth. These eventually fuse (grow together) to form the 206 bones that adults have. Our skeleton supports our body and protects our organs. Without a skeleton we would just be one big wobbly jelly!!!  Some bones help us move. Bones in the hands and arms help us lift and carry. Bones in the legs help us run and jump. Where two bones join together, this is called a ‘joint’. Bones are held together at joints by tough fibres called ‘ligaments’.  Bones are made of living tissue. Each bone has its own special name. Bones are made up of several layers. About half of a bone is just water.  Click here to go back. Skull There are 29 bones altogether in the skull and jaw. They make a box to protect the brain, eyes and ears.  Click here to go back. Ribcage This protects the heart and lungs and other upper organs. There are 24 curved bones, and the sternum runs down the middle.  Click here to go back. Spine It is made up of 24 individual small bones (called vertebrae). Your spine supports your head and body. Each of the bones are linked by small joints which can move a little. Lots of small movements add up and let your spine bend a lot.  Click here to go back. Hand bones There are lots of bones in your hands. There are bones in your wrist (carpals), palms (metacarpals) and fingers (phalanges).  Click here to go back. Foot bones There are 26 bones in your foot. They can make an arch shape to support your body when you stand up. Femur The femur is the longest largest and strongest bone of the human body. It forms part of the hip and part of the knee. Click here to go back. Scapula This is also known as the shoulder blade. It is a flat triangular bone that lies over the back of upper ribs. Helps with the movement of the arm and shoulder. Click here to go back. Pelvis Your pelvis is shaped like a bowl. It holds all of the organs in the lower part of the body. It is a slightly moveable joint. Have you got as many bones in your body as I have. Have a guess how many bones you have altogether. When you think you know click on the answer below. 206 bones 90 bones 136 bones Most of us have around 206 bones in our bodies. When you are ready click the button below for end page. This is a really hard question have another go. When you are ready click the button below to try again.  Activity 1: Identifying Bones of the Human Body Cut the skeleton and stick it in your book Write the labels on the skeleton Skull Scapula Ribcage Pelvis Spine Foot bone Hand bone  Skull 1 6 Scapula Ribcage 2 3 Spine 7 Pelvis 4 Hand bones 5 Foot bones  Differences in Male and Female Skeleton  Activity 2: Is the Skeleton Male or Female? Activity-Differences in Male and Female Skeleton.pdf Activity 2: Is the Skeleton Male or Female? Comparing the skull from the cellar in Figure 5 (below) with the illustrated male and female skulls in Figures 3 and 4, write Male or Female to note the sex depicted by each feature  Activity 2: Is the Skeleton Male or Female? Questions: 1. Is the brow ridge large and sloping or small and vertical? 2. Is there a definite angle at the neck muscle attachment or not? 3. How pronounced is the mastoid process? 4. How sharp is the upper eye orbit margin? 5. How wide is the angle of the jaw? 6. How pointed is the chin? 7. From your answers, do you think this was a male or female?