Understanding Culture, Society and Politics - Anthropology Lesson 1 PDF

Understanding Culture, Society and Politics Mrs. Jessa C. Encinareal Natural Science Social Science ✓ Deals with the ✓ Deals with the natural world; human its processes, behavior in its elements, and social and composition. cultural aspec...

Understanding Culture, Society and Politics Mrs. Jessa C. Encinareal Natural Science Social Science ✓ Deals with the ✓ Deals with the natural world; human its processes, behavior in its elements, and social and composition. cultural aspects.  Group of people who SOCIETY shared the same laws, rights, and resources Social Cultural Political Sociology Anthropology Political Science  Lesson 1: What is Anthropology?  Objectives: At the end of the lesson, you will be able to: ✓ Define the field of Anthropology ✓ Understand the concepts of Anthropology ✓ Examine different cultures and traditions ✓ Apply anthropological perspectives in looking at a culture Buto mo hulaan ko ! Dog Leopard Frog  Is it hard for you to identify the animals based on their skeletons? Why or Why not?  Do you think your ability to observe helps you easily spot the differences among the skeletons? How? African Female  Asian Female European Male Is it hard for you to identify their nationality based on their skulls? Why or Why not?  Do you think your ability to observe helps you easily spot the differences among the skulls? How?  Anthropology ✓ The study of humanity ✓ Latin word ANTHROPOS- man LOGOS- study  Anthropology ✓ Study of human beings and their ancestors through time and space in relation to physical, characteristics, environment, social relations and culture. Anthropologist  Franz Boas ( 1858-1942) ✓ Father of American Anthropology ✓ Historical Particularism ✓ Cultural Relativism  Edward B. Taylor ( 1882-1917) ✓ Primitive Culture (1871) define culture ✓ Culture is that complex whole which includes knowledge, beliefs, arts, morals, law, custom, and all aspects of man as a member of society.  Branches of Anthropology  1. Cultural Anthropology ✓ The study of people with their variations and progress in terms of culture. ✓ It also deals with description and analysis of the forms and styles of social life of past and present ages.  Let’s Check!!! When, where, why, and how do the following affect cultural variation, social differences, and social change in the Philippines?  Cultural Anthropology ✓ Religion ✓ Language ✓ Learning ✓ Family Rituals ✓ Housing Structure  2. Linguistic Anthropology ✓ The study of language , its evolution, and its connection to other languages in society.  Let’s Check!!! Can you give new languages that arise in the Philippines today? Do you think it positively or negatively shapes people's roles and interactions?  3. Archaeology ✓ The study of past human cultures through their material remains. ✓ The study of past human cultures through the recovery and analysis of artifact.  Let’s Check!!! What do you think are the contributions of artifacts found in the Philippines in our lives?  4. Biological Anthropology ✓ The study of human origin, which includes genetics, race, evolution, fossils and our ancestors.  Let’s Check!!! Why is biological anthropology important today?  5. Applied Anthropology ✓ They analyzed social, political, and economic problems and develop solutions respond to present problems.  Let’s Check!!! Do you think with the help of Applied Anthropology we can easily adopt an open and critical attitude toward different social, political, and cultural phenomena?  Goals of Anthropology ✓ Observe the common things among people (tradition, languages, and others) ✓ Discover what makes people different from each other. ✓ Create new knowledge through researches about humankind and behavior  Participant Observation Bronislaw Malinowski ✓ Founder of Social Anthropology ✓ Method used in studying culture  Participant Observation “Open-ended inductive long term living with and among the people to be studied, the sole purpose of which is to achieve an understanding of local knowledge, values, and practices from the native’s point of view”  Ethnography Ethnology ✓ Greek ✓ Greek ETHNO- group ETHNOS- group GRAPOS- writing LOGOS- study  Cultural Multiculturalism Relativism ✓ Describes the ✓ When we existence, acceptance respect other or promotion of multiple cultural cultures traditions within the religions, rituals, fixed boundaries. or food habits.  Ethnocentrism Xenocentrism ✓ Their own ✓ The culture of culture is others is superior. superior than its own culture. Emic Perspective Etic Perspective ✓ Insiders view ✓ Outsiders view ✓ Change their Hawthorne Effect performance in response to being observed. Anthropology in the Philippines  Henry Otley Beyer ( July 13, 1883-Dec. 31, 1966)  ✓ Father of Philippine Anthropology ✓ American Anthropologist and Dean ✓ Philippineology ✓ 1909 Ethnologist ✓ 1910-1914 Field research ( Ilocos, Pangasinan & Pampanga) Notable Filipino Anthropologist  Felipe Landa Jocano ✓ Professor Emeritus, UP ✓ Epic poem- HINILAWOD =honor, love, family care= Filipino Core Values  Poncianno Bennagen ✓ First to write MA thesis in FILIPINO ✓ Former Commissioner of the Constitutional Commission  Poncianno Bennagen ✓ Retired Professor at UP ✓ Helped the government to draft the Indigenous Peoples Rights Act  Homework! Answer Check Lesson 1 – A only on page 13 Thank you for Listening!!!