Sepsis Lecture Notes PDF

What is sepsis?: ◦Sepsis is a life-threatening condition that arises when the body's response to an infection injures its own tissues and organs Sources of infection: 'Might be' sepsis codes: ◦J18.0 - bronchopneumonia, unspecified organism ◦J18.1 - lobar pneumonia, unspecified...

What is sepsis?: ◦Sepsis is a life-threatening condition that arises when the body's response to an infection injures its own tissues and organs Sources of infection: 'Might be' sepsis codes: ◦J18.0 - bronchopneumonia, unspecified organism ◦J18.1 - lobar pneumonia, unspecified organism ◦J18.9 - pneumonia, unspecified organism ◦K65.0 - generalised peritonitis ◦L03.9 - cellulitis, unspecified ◦L03.1 - cellulitis of limb ◦N39.0 - urinary tract infection Global sepsis mortality: What are the symptoms?: ◦Symptoms in children - a child may have sepsis if he or she: ‣ Is breathing very fast ‣ Has a 'fit' or convulsion ‣ Looks mottled, bluish or pale ‣ Has a rash that does not fade when you press it ‣ Is very lethargic or difficult to wake up ‣ Feels abnormally cold to touch ◦Symptoms in adults - an adult may have sepsis if they show any of these signs: ‣ Slurred speech or confusion ‣ Extreme shivering or muscle pain ‣ Passing no urine (in a day) ‣ Severe breathlessness  ‣ It feels like you're going to die ‣ Skin mottled or discoloured The sepsis continuum now: Stages of inflammation: ◦Vasodilatation ‣ Vasodilatation causes a relative hypovolaemia (same volume of blood occupying a bigger space) ‣ Leaky capillaries worsen this by causing absolute hypovolaemia (less blood occupying a bigger space) ◦Increased permeability ◦Migration and amplification Early effects: ◦Blood pressure decreases ◦Heart rate increases ◦Respiratory rate increases ◦Cardiac output increases Later effects: ◦Oedema/swelling ◦Altered mentation ◦Urine output decreases ◦Respiratory rate increases ◦Cardiac output decreases ◦Lactate increases Antibiotic timing: