Aircraft Configuration and Internal Layout PDF

ME2511 Aircraft Structures Aircraft Configuration and Internal Layout Aircraft Configuration Fuselage structure configuration Business...

ME2511 Aircraft Structures Aircraft Configuration and Internal Layout Aircraft Configuration Fuselage structure configuration Business Wing aircraft structure internal configuration layout Understanding Learning general aircraft configurations, Objectives Freighter aircraft internal construction, categories and Tail structure configuration layout layout. Passenger aircraft Landing gear internal configuration layout General fixed-wing aircraft configuration General Aircraft Categories How are aircraft categorized? Customers needs generally determine the Aircraft Configuration! Aircraft Categories 1. Normal, Utility, Acrobatic and Commuter Category Fixed-Wing Aircraft (FAR 23) 2. Transport Category Fixed-Wing Aircraft (FAR 25) 3. Normal Category Rotorcraft (FAR 27) 4. Transport Category Rotorcraft (FAR 29) 5. Manned Free Balloons (FAR 31) FAR or Federal Aviation Regulations Are mandates for controlling all aspects of aviation in the US. They are established and enforced by the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) and are part of Title 14 of the Code of Federal Regulations (CFR). Hovercraft are not aircraft Aircraft Categories MTOW - Maximum Take-Off Weight 1.Normal, Utility, Acrobatic & Commuter category fixed-wing aircraft (FAR 23) – less than 8600kg & less than 19 passenger- seating configuration 2.Transport category fixed- wing aircraft (FAR 25) - Anything don’t fall under normal category Transport Category Aircraft Unique Fuselage Shapes Unique Wing Planform Wing Configuration Wing Planform Configuration Wing Planform Configuration 2 Empennage Section Configuration Common Empennage Section Configuration  Empennage Configuration Fuselage mounted T-tail Cruciform Butterfly or V-tail Twin-tail Unconventional aircraft configuration Landing Gear Supports the aircraft while it is on the ground. Two types namely: Fixed – simple design but produces much drag during flight. Found mainly on low speed aircraft. Retractable – more complicated design where gear is retracted into the fuselage/wings. More streamlined hence reduced parasite drag and improved performance. Landing gear must be strong enough to withstand the forces of landing when aircraft is fully loaded. Gear assembly must also be as light as possible Nose landing gear is used steering aircraft on the ground. Main landing gear also incorporates a braking system to bring to a stop on landing. Helicopters are usually installed with fixed landing skids in view of their ow landing speeds and high manoeuvrability – quite functional and requires less maintenance.  Landing Gear Configuration Conventional landing gear configuration of most pre-WWII aircraft. Tail wheel used for steering. Possibility of aircraft nosing over during hard braking. Fixed landing gear configuration. Common with low speed aircraft. Nose wheel used for steering. Aircraft level during take off. No danger of aircraft nosing over during hard braking. Landing Gear Configuration 2 Retractable landing gear is standard feature in all transport category, business jets and military aircraft. Much reduced parasite drag and hence improved performance. Nose wheel used for steering. Aircraft level during take off. Number of main landing gear depend on MLW of aircraft. Aircraft Engine Configurations Aircraft door / air stairs (ATR 42 regional airliner)  Passenger Aircraft (Airbus A380) Layout  Passenger Aircraft (Boeing 787-8) Layout Passenger aircraft interior layout  BA has 3 747 Passenger aircraft configuration Boeing 747-400 (744) V1 (Most Common) Open Suite First (Rows 1-5) Standard World Traveller Plus (Rows 11-16) Flat Bed Club World (Rows 17-20, 60-64) Standard World Traveller (Rows 28-55)  BA 747 Passenger aircraft configuration Boeing 747-400 (744) V2 Open Suite First (Rows 1-5) Flat Bed Club World (Rows 12-20, 60-64) Standard World Traveller Plus (Rows 28-31) Standard World Traveller (Rows 33-55)  BA 747 Passenger aircraft configuration Boeing 747-400 (744) V3 Open Suite First (Rows 1-5) Flat Bed Club World (Rows 12-22, 60-64) Standard World Traveller Plus (Rows 33-36) Standard World Traveller (Rows 39-55) Business jet interior layout  Passenger to Freighter Conversion Video https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=s2v8tlQUDWQ Name 4 types of modifications ? Freighter aircraft interior layout Freighter a/c internal structure End SINGAPORE POLYTEC:IHINIC 1  llbl!fng,lr(j,Qffl hilrdl'OO!tl The,00 IU gla11tSClllQil wf Dla ehola mlllc ;il !llwlnsi 1mts tosee 1m -0li151]1iiyIlle l.ate5t WIMltthe'!'rol!ylng!Wer. h;Jrii nG n.d,Ii I AsIIIra\\lrtllill t e.:illty, p «il'lfereoce 'theyl. \l mgn 161ftem llf,sl. i::r !.i-!li Leni,th a9tl4111 "51eep,er:s'tor Height19ft7ln !lliCi-lS,Withfll Basicmt £1S5m 5iltetytn !:IJ Mai:!i)eed 647mph ftlel t.!ipilt:ity 118,1118,gilHiiliS Hamam Fueleffl n 0.14Smpg Steilml'il