lec 2 body cavities .pdf

lec 2 Body Cavities &its Organs By Dr.maher nizar Dr.zena zeyad A body cavity is any space or compartment that contain organs and other structures. The human body contain two largest human body cavities are :  the ventral body cavity  the dorsal body cavity. ...

lec 2 Body Cavities &its Organs By Dr.maher nizar Dr.zena zeyad A body cavity is any space or compartment that contain organs and other structures. The human body contain two largest human body cavities are :  the ventral body cavity  the dorsal body cavity. The dorsal body cavity includes :  the cranial cavity, enclosed by the skull and contains the brain  the spinal cavity, enclosed by the spine, and contains the spinal cord. Body Cavities Figure 1.9a The brain and spinal cord are protected by the bones of the skull and the vertebrae of the spine. They are further protected by the meninges, a three-layer membrane that encloses the brain and spinal cord. A thin layer of cerebrospinal fluid is maintained between two of the meningeal layers. This clear fluid is produced by the brain, and it provides extra protection and cushioning for the brain and spinal cord The ventral body cavity includes:  the thoracic cavity,  the abdominopelvic cavity, Body Cavities Figure 1.9b  Thoracic cavity is subdivided into pleural cavities, the mediastinum, and the pericardial cavity Pleural cavities – each houses a lung Mediastinum – contains the pericardial cavity, and surrounds the remaining thoracic organs Pericardial cavity – encloses the heart  The abdominopelvic cavity is separated from the superior thoracic cavity by the dome-shaped diaphragm It is composed of two subdivisions Abdominal cavity – contains the stomach, small intestines, colon , pancreas, doudenum , spleen, liver, ureters and kidney. Pelvic cavity – lies within the pelvis and contains the bladder, reproductive organs of female, and rectum Other Body Cavities Oral and digestive – mouth and cavities of the digestive organs Nasal –located within and posterior to the nose Orbital – house the eyes Middle ear – contain bones (ossicles) that transmit sound vibrations Synovial – joint cavities  Abdominopelvic Regions Umbilical Epigastric Hypogastric Right and left iliac or inguinal Right and left lumbar Right and left hypochondriac Figure 1.11a