Tumors of Special Senses Organs (Pathology) - L18 PDF
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Mansoura University
Dr Mie Ali, Dr Mona younis
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Summary
This document provides information on different types of tumors found in the special senses organs, including the eyes and ears. It details clinical features and histopathology of these tumors, with discussions on benign and malignant examples. The document further includes sections on specific tumors like retinoblastoma and rhabdomyosarcoma.
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BMS 302 (Special Senses module) by Dr Mie Ali Dr Mona younis Professors of pathology Mansoura university 1 ILOs Identify different tumors of the eye and eyelids with discussion of the common types Identify different tumors of the ea...
BMS 302 (Special Senses module) by Dr Mie Ali Dr Mona younis Professors of pathology Mansoura university 1 ILOs Identify different tumors of the eye and eyelids with discussion of the common types Identify different tumors of the ear with discussion of the common types Tumors of the eye and adnexal structures Benign tumors Malignant tumors Eyelid: Eyelid: 1. Squamous cell papilloma. 1. Squamous cell carcinoma. 2. Basal cell papilloma. 2. Basal cell carcinoma. 3. Sebaceous adenoma. 3. Sebaceous adenocarcinoma. 4. Nevi. 4. Malignant melanoma. Conjunctiva & cornea: Conjunctiva & cornea: 1. Squamous cell papilloma. 1. Squamous cell carcinoma. 2. Nevi. 2. Malignant melanoma. Tumors of the eye and adnexal structures Benign tumors Malignant tumors Lacrimal gland: Lacrimal gland: Pleomorphic adenoma. Carcinoma in Pleomorphic adenoma Orbit: Conjunctiva & cornea: 1. Malignant glioma. 1. Meningioma. 2. Malignant lymphoma. 3. Rhabdomyosarcoma. Intraocular: 1. Nevus. Intraocular: 2. Neurofibroma. 1. Malignant melanoma. 2. Retinoblastoma. Melanoma and While retinoblastoma lymphoma are the is the most common most common adult eye cancer found in eye cancers. children Squamous cell carcinoma of the Conjunctiva and Cornea Clinical features: Thickened well-demarcated leuko-plakic lesion in the inter-palpebral fissure at the corneal limbus extending into the corneal center. Histopathology: 1. Replacement of the epithelium by atypical pleomorphic epithelial cells. 2. Mitoses are common. 3. Usually within the epithelium “insitu or intra- epithelial neoplasia”. 4. Occasionally invade deeper structures. Sebaceous carcinoma The second most frequent eyelid tumor (after the basal cell carcinoma). Affect mainly the upper eyelid (the basal cell carcinoma affects mainly the lower eyelid). Meibomian glands in the tarsus. It arises either from: Zeis’ glands of the eyelash follicles Clinically: Localized or diffuse swelling of the tarsus. Histopathology: 1. Well-differentiated tumors: lobules of tumor cells with sebaceous differentiation. 2. Poorly-differentiated tumors: require fat stains for confirmation. Uveal malignant melanoma - The most common primary ocular malignancy in the adults. - Derived from neural crest-derived pigment epithelium of the uvea. - It is usually slowly-growing, late-metastasizing with better prognosis than the malignant melanoma of the skin. - Usually spread via hematogenous method with involvement of the liver in about 90% of cases Clinically: Dom-shaped pigmented mass. Commonly affect the posterior choroid. Less frequently in the ciliary body and iris. Histologically: Spindle B cells: larger spindle cells with ovoid nuclei and prominent nucleoli. Epithelioid cells: large polygonal pleomorphic cells with larger nuclei and abundant acidophilic cytoplasm. The most aggressive with poor prognosis. Mixed cell types: mixture of spindle cell type and epithelioid type features. Spindle Epithelioid Mixed Retinoblastoma - The most common malignant ocular tumor in children. - Present at birth or in early childhood (
