Korea Geography & History PDF

SLIDESMANIA.COM Flag and its representation SLIDESMANIA.COM Introduction: SLIDESMANIA.COM Korea is romantically called “Land of the Morning Calm” (Chosun) by Dangun, the founder of Gojoseon Kingdom because of its calm, misty morning. The history of this rugged land, brave and diligent people has bee...

SLIDESMANIA.COM Flag and its representation SLIDESMANIA.COM Introduction: SLIDESMANIA.COM Korea is romantically called “Land of the Morning Calm” (Chosun) by Dangun, the founder of Gojoseon Kingdom because of its calm, misty morning. The history of this rugged land, brave and diligent people has been full of sorrow and hardship. Korea is a nation where Filipinos and UN forces fought Chinese and Korean communist armies in the 1950s, and it was divided by that war- the North becoming a communist dictatorship, and the South, a multi-party democracy. Korea’s people are praying for reunion. The remarkable thing about it is that in the last fifty years or so, part of it (South Korea) has become the enclave of Christianity in East Asia. Introduction: The Korean name Choson derives from the Chinese name Chaoxian, itself a combination of the two words chao ('dawn') and xian ('calm' or 'fresh'), hence the referral to Korea on occasion as 'Land of the Morning Calm. SLIDESMANIA.COM The addition of Go to the name Gojoseon (고, 古), meaning "ancient", is used in historiography to distinguish the kingdom from the Joseon dynasty founded in 1392 CE. SLIDESMANIA.COM 38 degrees North Parallel SLIDESMANIA.COM Geographical features of South Korea Geographical features of South Korea Han River SLIDESMANIA.COM It is a major river that originates in Jangsu-eup, North Jeolla Province. It flows northward through North Jeolla and North Chungcheong Provinces and then changes direction in the vicinity of Greater Daejeon and flows southwest through South Chungcheong Province before emptying into the Yellow Sea near Gunsan city. Geographical features of South Korea Nakdong River -The Nakdong River or SLIDESMANIA.COM Nakdonggang is the longest river in South Korea, and passes through major cities such as Daegu and Busan. It is located in North and South Kyongsang Geographical features of South Korea Yeongsan River - The Yeongsan River is SLIDESMANIA.COM a river in south-western South Korea. It has a length of 129.50 km, and covers an area of 3,467.83 km². It runs through Damyang, Naju, Gwangju and other regions Geographical features of South Korea Geum River - The Geum River is located in South Korea. It is a major river that originates in Jangsu-eup, North Jeolla Province. SLIDESMANIA.COM Geographical features of South Korea Taebaek Mountain Range - The Taebaek Mountains are a mountain range that stretches across North Korea and South Korea. They form the main ridge of the Korean peninsula SLIDESMANIA.COM Climate in South Korea The climate of the Republic of Korea is cold but sunny in winter, while it’s hot and sultry, with abundant rainfall, in summer. Spring and autumn are quite short but pleasant. The latitude of the country is not high: the border with North Korea is located on the 38th parallel, but winter is cold because of the prevailing winds from Siberia. Winter Winter, from late November to mid-March, is freezing in the north and in the interior, while it’s milder, but still with night frosts, along the southern coast. The sun often shines. Snowfalls are relatively rare and not abundant. Spring Spring, from mid-March to May, is initially cool, and gradually becomes milder, but the rains become more frequent because of the formation of low pressure systems. Summer Summer from June to August, is hot, humid, and rainy. High humidity makes the heat sweltering, especially in July and August. Rainfall can be heavy especially in July and August. Two thirds of the annual rainfall occur in summer. However, between periods of bad weather, there can also be sunny days, which may be hot. Autumn Autumn, from September to late November, is a pleasant season, especially in the month of October, when the maximum temperatures are around 20/22 °C (68/72 ° F). In addition, it usually rains less than in spring. Presidents Yoon Suk Yeol SLIDESMANIA.COM Yoon Suk-yeol (Korean: 윤석열; born 18 December 1960) is a South Korean politician who has been serving as the 13th and current president of South Korea since 2022. Prior to his presidency, he served as the prosecutor general of South Korea between 2019 and 2021. South Korea’s contributions and inventions SLIDESMANIA.COM Metal Print Korea was the first to ever print books with metal prints. The Jikji, which was printed in 1455 is currently kept in the French National Library and was appointed as Unesco World Heritage in 2001 SLIDESMANIA.COM Milk Cartons The first milk cartons ever made was in 1934 in USA but the most commonly used packaging shape called the "Gable Top" carton was developed by Korean inventor Dr. Shin in 1953. SLIDESMANIA.COM Food storage containers The reason the company made this kind of box is because Koreans have so many side dishes that they have to keep separately. These tight-sealing lids were a necessity to keep the watery substances of the side dishes safely stored instead of spilling out into the fridge. SLIDESMANIA.COM Samsung Samsung is a South Korean company originally founded as a grocery trading store by Lee Byung-Chull in March 1938. SLIDESMANIA.COM South Korea’s cultures and practices SLIDESMANIA.COM Cultures and Practices Gift giving etiquette. Accept the gift with both hands – but never open the gift immediately, wait until the giver is absent If giving gifts be sure to wrap and present them in an attractive way. Avoid using dark wrapping paper, especially red, instead choose bright yellow/green If invited to a Korean home always take the hostess a gift; chocolates, sweets, cakes or flowers but preferably not alcohol Cultures and Practices Dining and Food Elders are served first and begin the dining process Do not tip if you see a ‘no tipping’ sign When it comes to settling the bill, the invitee may offer to pay but the host will generally pay for everyone. Do not point with your chopsticks, or leave them sticking out of your bowl Cultures and Practices Doljabi In this Korean ritual, when a child turns one year old, he or she is placed in front of a table of objects and encouraged to choose one. It is believed that the object selected will foretell the child’s future. Cultures and Practices Bowing Just like many Asian countries, bowing is a big part of greetings in Korea. It's a way to show respect, say hi, thank you, and bye. Festivals Sakura Season The cherry blossoms (sakura) usually bloom in the last week of March and the first two weeks of April in Kyoto (roughly between 20 March and 14 April). In an average year, the blooms peak on 1 April in Kyoto. Festivals Seoul Lantern Festival The Seoul Lantern Festival is a festival held every November in Seoul in South Korea when hundreds of lanterns decorate the public recreation space of Cheonggyecheon. It aims to heal and give peace to all who are suffering from the after-effects of the global pandemic. You will be able to enjoy the lights along the Cheonggyecheon stream from November 26 to December 5 between 05:00 to 09:00 in the evening. Seatwork 3.2 (South Korea) Instructions: Click the link of the google forms attached in the comment box. Tick the choice that corresponds to your answer. SLIDESMANIA.COM Korea’s Early History. SLIDESMANIA.COM Gojoseon Kingdom -The earliest people of Korea was believed to have come from the North, possibly Siberia. Evidence of this is the Korean spoken language which was found to be part of the language of Altaic (Northeast Asians). SLIDESMANIA.COM - Korean trace their history from a state called Gojoseon founded by Dangun (Acknowledge founder) -According to myth, a centralized Gojoseon kingdom was founded by a mighty hero named Dangun (Tangun) in 2333 BC. His capital was in present-day Pyongyang. The state was called (Choson - an old name of Korea) - In 109-108 BCE, the Han Dynasty conquered Choson and some parts of Korea. Eventually, Chinese influences Korea. SLIDESMANIA.COM - Meanwhile, three independent kingdoms ruled Korea -The Silla, Baekje, - 3 Kingdoms arose in 220 BCE Baekje (Paekche) -Southwest Goguryeo (Koguryo -North Silla -Southeast SLIDESMANIA.COM The Silla Kingdom overpowered Goguryeo and Baekje. Under this kingdom, Korea became more Sinicized (Chinese) Goguryeo Baekje Responsible for toppling Chinese soldiers regaining Korea which may take it older than the Diamond Sutra of China by a hundred years. SLIDESMANIA.COM The Silla Kingdom Koryo Kingdom (935-1032) The Koryo Kingdom fought against the invasion of the Mongol (Genghis Khan) for 45 years and kept the independence of the country in the end Choe Yu-ui invented the world’s first mechanical metal printing press in 1234 AD. SLIDESMANIA.COM It destroys the Silla rule. It gave the country its modern name, Koryo (Goryeo) Yi Dynasty Korea became a tributary state of China -Adopted the Civil Service Exam - developed printing -Hangul improved Japanese tried to conquer Joseon but Korea with the help of Ming China, repelled the Japanese invasion SLIDESMANIA.COM Korea was further sinicized during the rule of the Yi dynasty. The Joseon Dynasty of General Yi Seong-gye (1392-1910) It became the longest reigning kingdom in East Asia. Its 1st century was Korea’s Golden Age -developed an easy alphabet (Hangul) - literature and scholarship -free education SLIDESMANIA.COM Made its capital at Seoul, introduced Chinese way and performed confucianism. SLIDESMANIA.COM Kim Jong-un Yoon Suk Yeol SLIDESMANIA.COM - In 1905 - WWII, Korea became a Japanese protectorate and Japan’s source of raw materials and foods. - Japanese built roads, factories, and opened mimes but for the benefit of Japanese. (Most of the coal, iron, and food crops were shipped to Japan. - Koreans were discriminated upon and treated as second class Japanese. Soviet Troops (USSR) SLIDESMANIA.COM - After WWII, Japan lost all its territories to the allied powers. - The two powers agreed to temporarily use the 38th parallel as the dividing line until the allies have decided on what kind of government to establish. - The United Nations called to intervene. The UN tried to arrange for supervised elections but Soviet USA Union refused to permit elections. - established Democratic People’s Republic of Korea with the communists under party leader Kim II Sung. - Elections were then held in South with Syngman Rhee was elected president SLIDESMANIA.COM - in 1950, North Korean troops crossed the 38 parallel (In spite of UN’s call). As a response, US forces together with the other troops advanced. - China came to their fellow communist, North Korea’s rescue which led to the Korean war which lasted three years. - In 1953, formal agreement was made to end hostilities - After this new round of talks, the DMZ (demilitarized zone) was created between the two. - SLIDESMANIA.COM SLIDESMANIA.COM - Kim II Sung. -Communist -There was no press freedom -Has Minerals necessary for industrialization. Wes suspected North korea was in the process of Manufacturing nuclear weapons. - Syngman Rhee -Anticommunist - He was replaced by Park Chung Hee but was assassinated and replaced by Chun Doo-hwan - After a massive protest, Kim Dae Jung was elected as new president - In june 2000, Kim Dae Jung and Kim Jong-il met at a summit and pledged to avoid war.They agreed to allow 100 people from each country to reunite with their relatives. SLIDESMANIA.COM - In 2002, US disclosed that North Korea was conducting a Nuclear weapon. - In 1980, South Korea enjoyed economic boom (High tech, automobile, shipbuilding, and electronics development SLIDESMANIA.COM - North Korea withdraw from the treaty. This caused alarm among China, Russia, S. Korea, etc. - A brighter scenario fortunately came about when Kim Jong-un (Son of Kim Jong-il) agreed to have inter-korean summit in 2018. - There are arose of middle class people and professionals and business people. -Literacy rates are almost at one hundred (Thanks to Hangul invented by King Sejong). SLIDESMANIA.COM - Although, there is still no permanent solution regarding the conflict, this 2018 summit could be the initial step toward a long -lasting peace in the Korean peninsula. - In addition, S. Korea, enjoying the benefits of the worldwide popularity of Hallyu (korean wave), exporting economy and pop culture around the world. Hermit Kingdom - Korea enjoyed 200 years of peace and seclusion as the “Hermit Kingdom - Korea closed it borders for 200 years (1644-1876) - In 1876, Japan forced the opening of Korea to world. The united States , Britain, and Germany joined in exploiting the wealth of Korea. A weaker Korea could not defend itself this time against those who coveted. SLIDESMANIA.COM Japanese Rule SLIDESMANIA.COM - Its old foe Japan gained control of Korea as a result of war with China (1894-1895) an with Russia (1904-05) - Koreans suffered greatly in the hands of the Japanese. Japan took the resources of Korea, including rice, and deprived Koreans of their farmlands. - Koreans plotted to overthrow Japanese rule. On April 17,1919, they set up a provisional government in Shanghai with Dr. Syngman Rhee, a Japanese Rule - During the First and second World Wars, Rhee and his fellow citizen fought hard to restore Korean Independence. - Japan lost the war and lost its power of all colonies, and Korea was set to be free again SLIDESMANIA.COM Divided Korea SLIDESMANIA.COM - After WW2, Korea was divided along 38N parallel. North (Russian Army and South Allied forces South) - The cold war worsened relations between the two superpowers, and the two parts of Korea, got involved and became permanently divided along the 38th parallel. - In 1948, democratic elections were held in South Korea, and the Republic of Korea was born Seoul as capital with Dr. Rhee as its first president. Divided Korea - Meanwhile, in North Korea, a separate government was installed - Democratic People’s Republic of Korea (DPRK) and Pyongyang as their capital. SLIDESMANIA.COM