Quizzes on Cell Engineering - PDF

Quiz 1: 1.​ Which tissue source provokes the most severe host immune rejection? A.​ Xenogeneic tissue B.​ Allogeneic tissue C.​ Autologous tissue D.​ Engineered tissue 2.​ What is the Goal of Tissue Engineering? A.​ Identifying basic genetic and molecular defects causing a disease, and develo...

Quiz 1: 1.​ Which tissue source provokes the most severe host immune rejection? A.​ Xenogeneic tissue B.​ Allogeneic tissue C.​ Autologous tissue D.​ Engineered tissue 2.​ What is the Goal of Tissue Engineering? A.​ Identifying basic genetic and molecular defects causing a disease, and developing molecular interventions to treat the same B.​ Cure or slow down a genetic disease by repairing the damaged gene responsible for the disease C.​ Restore structure and function of damaged tissues and organs D.​ Providing biological substitutes that restore, maintain, or improve tissue function 3.​ In tissue sample preparation for H&E staining, after treating tissue sample in formalin, the next step will be carried out as: A.​ Sectioning B.​ Paraffin infiltration C.​ Dehydration D.​ Rehydration 4.​ Which microscope is suitable for study of living, cultures cells: A.​ Phase-Contrast Microscopy B.​ Confocal Microscopy C.​ Scanning Electron Microscopes D.​ Bright-Field Microscopy 5.​ Which procedure can be applied to study on the accumulation of lipid droplets in the tissue? A.​ Treating with heat B.​ Paraffin embedding C.​ Frozen-sectioning D.​ Processing with organic solvents 6.​ For histological evaluation, the paraffin sections are generally cut at: A.​ 1-10 μm thickness B.​ less than 1 μm thickness C.​ 1-10 nm thickness D.​ 10-100 μm thickness 7.​ In the preparation of tissue for histology, Xylen can be used to: A.​ remove alcohol B.​ dehydrate the fixed tissue C.​ preserve tissue structure by cross-linking and denaturing proteins D.​ infiltrate and allow the tissue to harden for Trimming 8.​ According to the results of Hematoxyline and Eosin staining below, the cell-free ECM is determined via figure: A.​ C B.​ D C.​ A D.​ B 9.​ How many components in one slice of tissue can be detected using immunofluorescent staining? A.​ Zero B.​ None C.​ One D.​ More Than One 10.​The correct section with its corresponding histology image is as follow: A.​ 145-B, 241-C, 313-A B.​ 145-A, 241-C, 313-B C.​ 145-A, 241-B, 313-C D.​ 145-C, 214-A, 313-B 11.​ Which component can not be revealed by using Hematoxyline and Eosin staining? A.​ Collagen type I B.​ Glycoproteins C.​ Elastin D.​ Glycosaminoglycans 12.​The continuous 3D nanofibrous ECM microstructure is best revealed by using: A.​ Immunofluorescent staining and fluorescence microscopy B.​ Phase-Contrast Microscopy C.​ Transmission electron microscopy D.​ Scanning electron microscopy 13.​Which statement is correct about Hematoxylin? A.​ It produces a dark red or pink color B.​ It stains cytoplasmic components and collagen fibers C.​ It behaves like a basic dye D.​ It is used for staining DNA in the cell nucleus and other basic structures 14.​Which area is considered as IHC-positive staining? A.​ B B.​ A C.​ C D.​ D 15.​Lining lumen of blood vessels is made up of: A.​ Epithelial cells B.​ Glial cells C.​ Muscle cells D.​ Fibroblasts Quiz 2: TE2024 - CELL ENGINEERING 1. You are designing a gene therapy experiment to introduce a gene into mammalian cells. Which type of promoter should you choose for high gene expression in mammalian cells?​ A. T7 promoter​ B. SV40 promoter​ C. Gal1 promoter​ D. ColE1 Ori 2. A researcher needs to express a protein that undergoes complex post-translational modifications, such as glycosylation and phosphorylation, to study its function in a human cell context. Which expression system would be the most suitable?​ A. Bacterial expression plasmid​ B. Yeast expression plasmid​ C. Mammalian expression plasmid​ D. Plant cell expression plasmid 3. You want to perform stable gene expression in non-dividing cells for long-term studies. Which vector system is most suitable?​ A. Adenoviral vector​ B. Lentiviral vector​ C. Non-viral plasmid​ D. CRISPR-Cas9 without vector 4. A student needs to enhance the interaction between cells and the extracellular matrix (ECM) in a 3D culture. Which modification strategy would be most effective?​ A. Preconditioning cells​ B. Using electrostatic interactions on the cell surface​ C. Encapsulating cells in biomaterials​ D. Genetic modification of the ECM proteins 5. A researcher is deciding between viral and non-viral vectors for gene delivery into mammalian cells. Which factor is typically an advantage of non-viral vectors compared to viral vectors?​ A. Higher gene transfer efficiency​ B. Longer duration of gene expression​ C. Reduced immunogenicity and ease of production​ D. Ability to integrate into the host genome​ 6. A research team is developing a therapy using genetically modified cells that need to survive under harsh conditions, such as low oxygen levels. Which cell engineering approach would be most appropriate to increase cell survival?​ A. Preconditioning the cells​ B. Gene-editing with CRISPR​ C. Surface modification with hydrophobic molecules​ D. 3D cell assembly​ 7. Your lab is working with mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) to promote bone regeneration. Which gene modification would best enhance MSC homing to injury sites?​ A. Overexpressing Sox11​ B. Inhibiting CXCR4​ C. Deleting the Runx2 gene​ D. Expressing the IL-10 gene​ 8. When designing a plasmid for mammalian cell gene expression, which feature ensures efficient initiation of translation in mammalian cells?​ A. Shine-Dalgarno sequence​ B. Kozak sequence​ C. T7 promoter​ D. Polyadenylation signal​ 9. You are designing an experiment using lipofection to deliver plasmid DNA into HEK293T cells. What is a likely outcome of using this method compared to viral vectors?​ A. Higher transfection efficiency​ B. Long-term gene expression​ C. Lower immunogenicity​ D. Higher risk of insertional mutagenesis​ 10. A researcher needs to create induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) from adult fibroblasts. Which combination of factors is essential for reprogramming the fibroblasts into iPSCs?​ A. Oct4, Sox2, Klf4, c-Myc​ B. CRISPR, Oct4, Klf4, Sox11​ C. BMPs, Runx2, Sox2, CXCR4​ D. Sox2, RANK-Fc, IL-4, VEGF​ Quiz 3 -> Giống quiz 1 ??? Quiz 4 4. Neocart for cartilage engineering mimic one of characters of native tissue. What is the character? A.​ No hydrostatic pressure B.​ Low oxygen C.​ Constant hydrostatic pressure D.​ High oxygen 5. Physiological cell culture conditions: 1.Temperature: Usually maintained at 37°C formammalian cells. 2. pH: Maintained around 6.0-8.0 3. Oxygen Tension: Controlled levels of oxygen, often around 40% for normoxic conditions. 4. Nutrient Supply: Adequate supply of glucose, proteins in the culture medium. 5. Waste Removal: Efficient removal of metabolic by- products. How many is the RIGHT comments? A.​ 5 B.​ 3 C.​ 4 D.​ 2 6. A student is conducting cell culture in a bioreactor. Initially, she/he has 1 million cells (1 × 10^6 cells) in the culture medium. The cells have a doubling time of 24 hours (meaning the number of cells will double every 24 hours). If there is a 5% cell death rate after each 24-hour period, calculate the remaining cell count after 3 days.* A.​ more than 5 million cells B.​ more than 6 million cells C.​ more than 8 million cells D.​ more than 7 million cells 7. Why are scale-out strategies more relevant for tissue engineering applications rather than scale-up of a bioreactor? 1. Patient-Specific Requirements 2. Control of Microenvironment 3. Reduced Risk of Contamination 4. Flexibility in Production 5. Improved Efficiency How many the RIGHT answer? A.​ 5 B.​ 3 C.​ 2 D.​ 4 8. What are NOT the main differences between bioreactors for bioprocess engineering and tissue engineering? A.​ Bioprocess engineering focuses on cell production (e.g., for vaccines), while tissue engineering emphasizes creating functional tissue constructs. B.​ Bioprocessing only emphasizes on the cell while tissue engineering focuses on the the combination of cell and scaffold. C.​ Tissue engineering often requires more complexconnditions (e.g., mechanical stimulation, specific growth factors) compared to standard bioprocessing. D.​ Tissue engineering might involve smaller, more specialized systems, while bioprocessing typically uses larger, more standardized setups. 9. Which of the following tissue regeneration is not related to COMPRESSION? A.​ Skin B.​ Bone C.​ Cardiac Tissue D.​ Cartilage 10. A student is conducting cell culture in a bioreactor. Initially, she/he has 1 million cells (1 x 10^6 cells) in the culture medium. The cells have a doubling time of 24 hours (meaning the number of cells will double every 24 hours). Calculate the number of cells after 3 days of culture (72 hours). A.​ 8 million cells B.​ 9 million cells C.​ 3 million cells D.​ 6 million cells 11. Which compounds are NOT compulsory to set up a bioreactor system? A.​ Media reservoir B.​ Chamber C.​ Waste Cointainer D.​ Pumping 12. Which is the most effective method to disinfection of chambers or mount? A.​ Sterilized with steam B.​ Gas sterilization C.​ UV exposure D.​ Gamma irradation 13. Which is NOT a suitable material for bioreactors? 1.​ Silicone 2.​ Copper 3.​ Polyethylene 4.​ Stainless steel Quiz 5 1.​ Which method would be suitable to decellularize porcine blood vessels? A.​ Agitation in 2 mg/mL collagenase and dispase B.​ Sonication with 1X Phosphate buffer saline C.​ Perfusion with 0.5% Triton X100 D.​ Three cycles of Freeze-thaw 2. Which protocol can be applied to decellularize dermis tissue (0.5 cm in thickness, surface area 1 x 1 cm2) ? A.​ Repeat 10 cycles of Freeze-thaw treatment Agitation in 1% Triton X100 --> Incubate in Salin buffer containing DNase for 2 hours --> Final wash in Saline buffer for 24 hour B.​ Perfusion tissue in 1% Triton X100 --> Incubate in Salin buffer containing DNase for 2 hours --> Final wash in Saline buffer for 24 hour --> Repeat 10 cycles of Freeze-thaw treatment C.​ Agitation in 1% Triton X100 --> Incubate in Salin buffer containing Collagenase for 2 hours --> Final wash in Saline buffer for 24 hour D.​ Perfusion tissue in 1% Triton X100 --> Incubate in Salin buffer containing DNase for 2 hours --> Final wash in Saline buffer for 24 hour 3. Why are decellularized organs or tissues used in tissue engineering? A.​ All are correct B.​ decellularized organs or tissues are used in in vitro expansion protocol C.​ decellularized organs or tissues act as scaffolds with ECM where cells can be seeded D.​ decellularized organs or tissues with well-preserved cellular components can help in the regeneration of tissue 4. Which solution causes cell breakage of swelling: A.​ 1% Sodium Chloride B.​ 9% Sodium Chloride C.​ 0.1% Sodium Chloride D.​ 0.9% Sodium Chloride 5. To confirm successful decellularization, DNA residue should be: A.​