Tissue Engineering Quiz

Which tissue source provokes the most severe host immune rejection?

What is the Goal of Tissue Engineering?

In tissue sample preparation for H&E staining, after treating tissue sample in formalin, the next step will be carried out as:

Which microscope is suitable for study of living, cultures cells:

Which procedure can be applied to study on the accumulation of lipid droplets in the tissue?

For histological evaluation, the paraffin sections are generally cut at:

In the preparation of tissue for histology, Xylen can be used to:

According to the results of Hematoxyline and Eosin staining below, the cell-free ECM is determined via figure:

How many components in one slice of tissue can be detected using immunofluorescent staining?

Which component can not be revealed by using Hematoxyline and Eosin staining?

The continuous 3D nanofibrous ECM microstructure is best revealed by using:

Which statement is correct about Hematoxylin?

Which area is considered as IHC-positive staining?

Lining lumen of blood vessels is made up of:

You are designing a gene therapy experiment to introduce a gene into mammalian cells. Which type of promoter should you choose for high gene expression in mammalian cells?

A researcher needs to express a protein that undergoes complex post-translational modifications, such as glycosylation and phosphorylation, to study its function in a human cell context. Which expression system would be the most suitable?

You want to perform stable gene expression in non-dividing cells for long-term studies. Which vector system is most suitable?

A student needs to enhance the interaction between cells and the extracellular matrix (ECM) in a 3D culture. Which modification strategy would be most effective?

A researcher is deciding between viral and non-viral vectors for gene delivery into mammalian cells. Which factor is typically an advantage of non-viral vectors compared to viral vectors?

A research team is developing a therapy using genetically modified cells that need to survive under harsh conditions, such as low oxygen levels. Which cell engineering approach would be most appropriate to increase cell survival?

Your lab is working with mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) to promote bone regeneration. Which gene modification would best enhance MSC homing to injury sites?

When designing a plasmid for mammalian cell gene expression, which feature ensures efficient initiation of translation in mammalian cells?

You are designing an experiment using lipofection to deliver plasmid DNA into HEK293T cells. What is a likely outcome of using this method compared to viral vectors?

A researcher needs to create induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) from adult fibroblasts. Which combination of factors is essential for reprogramming the fibroblasts into iPSCs?

Neocart for cartilage engineering mimic one of characters of native tissue. What is the character?

What are NOT the main differences between bioreactors for bioprocess engineering and tissue engineering?

Which of the following tissue regeneration is not related to COMPRESSION?

Which compounds are NOT compulsory to set up a bioreactor system?

Which is the most effective method to disinfection of chambers or mount?

Which method would be suitable to decellularize porcine blood vessels?

Which protocol can be applied to decellularize dermis tissue (0.5 cm in thickness, surface area 1 x 1 cm2)?

Why are decellularized organs or tissues used in tissue engineering?

Which solution causes cell breakage of swelling:

To confirm successful decellularization, DNA residue should be:

According to the following results, which is the optimized method for decellularizing adipose tissue?

Which reagent is effective in triglyceride solubilization?

Which method exhibits less impact on ECM components:

Which is the non-ionic detergent?

To identify the ability to support the attachment of human epithelial cells, which ECM component of decellularized pericardium should be detected with:

Physiological cell culture conditions: 1.Temperature: Usually maintained at 37°C for mammalian cells. 2. pH: Maintained around 6.0-8.0 3. Oxygen Tension: Controlled levels of oxygen, often around 40% for normoxic conditions. 4. Nutrient Supply: Adequate supply of glucose, proteins in the culture medium. 5. Waste Removal: Efficient removal of metabolic by-products. How many are the RIGHT comments?

A student is conducting cell culture in a bioreactor. Initially, she/he has 1 million cells (1 × 10^6 cells) in the culture medium. The cells have a doubling time of 24 hours (meaning the number of cells will double every 24 hours). If there is a 5% cell death rate after each 24-hour period, calculate the remaining cell count after 3 days.*

Why are scale-out strategies more relevant for tissue engineering applications rather than scale-up of a bioreactor?

1. Patient-Specific Requirements
2. Control of Microenvironment
3. Reduced Risk of Contamination
4. Flexibility in Production
5. Improved Efficiency How many are the RIGHT answers?

A student is conducting cell culture in a bioreactor. Initially, she/he has 1 million cells (1 x 10^6 cells) in the culture medium. The cells have a doubling time of 24 hours (meaning the number of cells will double every 24 hours). Calculate the number of cells after 3 days of culture (72 hours).

Which of the following statements best describes the ECM?

In characterization of MSCs, the cells must be positive to specific MSCs markers, including:

Focal adhesion formation is initiated by

Which cell types are more commonly used in vascular tissue engineering for anticoagulation?

The engineered scaffolds are expected to mimic:

Which architecture of a scaffold would enable the well distribution of nutrients and removal of waste products:

To promote cell attachment, the surface properties of scaffold should exhibit:

Which of the following is an example of Synthetic polymer?

Which test can be used for biocompatibility evaluation of the fabricated scaffold?

For cartilage tissue engineering, which component should be considered in scaffolding?

The interstitial matrix includes

______ is the most important aspect of biomaterial-tissue interactions.

For bone tissue engineering, the scaffold can be fabricated from:

Enzyme isolation technique is suitable to collect stem cells from:

The combined therapies have showcased a shorter healing time compared to stem cell therapy alone due to _______ used as _____ mimicking a suitable ______ for _______ growth and regulation of _____ (1) Biomaterials (2): Microenvironment (3): Scaffolds (4): stem cell (5): Growth factors

Xenogeneic Tissue

Allogeneic Tissue

Autologous Tissue

Goal of Tissue Engineering

Tissue Preparation for H&E Staining

Phase-Contrast Microscopy

Identify lipid Droplets in Tissue

Paraffin Section Thickness

Xylen in Tissue Preparation

Components Revealed by Hematoxylin and Eosin (H&E)

Immunofluorescence Staining

Components Not Revealed by H&E Staining

Revealing 3D Nanofibrous ECM

Hematoxylin Stain

Lining of Blood Vessels

SV40 Promoter

Mammalian Expression Plasmid

Stable Gene Expression in Non-Dividing Cells

Enhance Cell-ECM Interaction in 3D Culture

Non-Viral Vectors vs. Viral Vectors

Increase Cell Survival Under Stress

Gene Modification to Enhance MSC Homing

Kozak Sequence for Translation Initiation

Lipofection vs. Viral Vectors

Reprogramming Fibroblasts to iPSCs

Neocart for Cartilage Engineering

Physiological Cell Culture Conditions

Cell Doubling Time

Scale-Out Strategies in Tissue Engineering

Bioreactors for Bioprocess vs. Tissue Engineering

Compression in Tissue Regeneration

Components of a Bioreactor System

Bioreactor Disinfection

Materials for Bioreactors

Decellularization of Porcine Blood Vessels

Decellularization Protocol for Dermis Tissue

Purpose of Decellularized Tissues

Cell Breakage or Swelling

Confirming Successful Decellularization