Kinds-of-Variables.pdf

Kinds of  Variable It is from the root word “VARY” which means to undergo changes or to differ from.  Bernard (1994) defines variable as something that can take more than one value, and values could be number or words.  A variable specifically refers to a ch...

Kinds of  Variable It is from the root word “VARY” which means to undergo changes or to differ from.  Bernard (1994) defines variable as something that can take more than one value, and values could be number or words.  A variable specifically refers to a characteristic, or attribute of an individual or an organization that can be measured or observed and that varies among the people or organization being studied (Creswell, 2002).  Variables are “changing qualities or characteristics” of persons or things that are involved in a research study (Suter, 2013). Properties or characteristics of some event, object, or person that can be assigned with different values or amounts.  are those that are suspected of being the cause in a causal relationship. If you are asking a cause and effect question, your IV will be the variable that causes the effect.  are those that are influenced by the independent variables. If you ask, "Does A cause, influence or affect B?" , then B is the dependent variable The variable that is changed by the researcher; the ‘I control’ variable The variable that might change because of what the researcher changes – what is being measured žwhat the researcher studies to see its relationship or effects. what is being influenced or affected by the ž independent variable A manipulated variable is a changed condition the researcher creates during a study, also known as an experimental or treatment variable  A selected variable is an independent variable that already exists can be age, gender, or personality traits may suddenly surface to create effects on the relationship of the two basic variables  is a kind of extraneous variable that directly establishes the link between IV and DV. It is the primary cause of the change in DV.  ž etermining the effects of video clips of D learning ability of students in Earth and Life Science. Confounding variables can affect how IV acts on DV, which can lead to a false result or effect on DV. ž ou collect data on sunburns and ice cream Y consumption. You find that higher ice cream consumption is associated with a higher probability of sunburn. Does that mean ice cream consumption causes sunburn? tžemperature: hot temperatures cause people to both eat more ice cream and spend more time outdoors under the sun, resulting in more sunburns.  V ž ariables that are NOT measured in a particular study that are held constant, so they will not have a biasing effect on the other variables. D ž oes soil quality affect plant growth? Temperature Amount of light Amount of water