Microperspective of Tourism and Hospitality PDF

MICROPERSPECTIVE OF TOURISM AND HOSPITALITY THC 106  LODGING SECTORS Trace the evolution of the lodging sector Discuss the historical development of lodging sector that brought advancement in the tourism industry Contrast the difference between Colonial and Engl...

MICROPERSPECTIVE OF TOURISM AND HOSPITALITY THC 106  LODGING SECTORS Trace the evolution of the lodging sector Discuss the historical development of lodging sector that brought advancement in the tourism industry Contrast the difference between Colonial and English Inns Classify hotels by type, location, and price Highlight the contributions of the pioneers in the development of the lodging sector  HOSPITALITY □ From the French word “hospice” - to provide care/shelter for travelers □ It is derived from the Latin word “HOSPITARE”, meaning, “TO RECEIVE A GUEST”. □ Hospe - a latin word which means host or guest. □ Hospitium – a Greco-Roman concept of hospitality which means a guest chamber, inn or quarters, or hotel. □ Historians have uncovered evidence to suggest that hospitality industry flourished more than 2,000 years before the birth of Christ. References are found in writings about the life in Babylon, the center of the world in 2050 B.C. that refer to ALEHOUSES, apparently places that provided accommodations and sold intoxicating liquors. □ The concept of hospitality is extremely old; it is mentioned in writing dating back to ancient Greece, Rome and Biblical times. □ St. Julian the Hospitaller - Patron Saint of Innkeepers and Travelers   Biblical References: “And she brought her first-born son, and wrapped him in swaddling clothes and laid him in a manger, because there was no room for them in the Inn”. (LUKE 2.7)  During the middle ages they constructed separate building to accommodate travelers, which is known “XENODOCHEIONS”, a Greek word meaning inns or resting places.   THE HOTEL INDUSTRY’S FIRSTS  The first hotel in America ▪ City Hotel in New York (1794) - It is said that it was the first building in America specially built for the purpose of being a hotel with 73 rooms it was considered a very large property.  THE HOTEL INDUSTRY’S FIRSTS The first five- star hotel in America ▪ Tremont House (1829-ca.1895) sometimes called the Tremont Hotel - This was a highly influential hotel designed in 1829 by Isiah Rogers in Boston Massachusetts. The Tremont House was a four-story, granite-faced, neoclassical building, located at the corner of Tremont and Beacon Streets, with its main entrance on Tremont. It incorporated many hotel "firsts":  Indoor plumbing  Indoor toilets and baths  Reception area  Locked rooms for the guest  Free soap  THE HOTEL INDUSTRY’S FIRSTS ▪ First “modern” hotel ▪ The Buffalo Statler Hotel (1908) - Opened by Ellsworth Statler, many believed to be the first “modern” hotel. - Mr. Statler incorporated many innovations in the hotel such as:  Fire doors  Installation of light switches inside the room  Private bathroom  Key holes placed directly above doorknobs for easy access  Circulating hot and cold shower in each room  Full length mirrors  Morning newspaper *Mr. Statler’s rivals in the hotel industry, Hilton and Marriott ended up buying his company.  THE HOTEL INDUSTRY’S FIRSTS First five -star hotel in the Philippines ▪ The Manila Hotel - A 500-room five -star hotel in Manila, Philippines, located in the heart of the Manila Bay area. - The Manila Hotel is the oldest premiere hotel to rival the Malacañang Palace, where the Philippine president now lives, and opened in 1912. It was the residence of General Douglas Mac Arthur from 1935 to 1941.  PIONEERS OF THE HOSPITALITY INDUSTRY Ellsworth M. Statler Father of Modern Commercial Hotel Industry. He was the originator of the hotel chain concept known as Statler in year 1863-1928.  PIONEERS OF THE HOSPITALITY INDUSTRY  Conrad Hilton - King of the Innkeepers - He became a successful hotelier after World War II - His acquisition during the world war II included the 3,000 rooms Stevenson Hotel (now Chicago Hilton) - 1946, he formed the Hilton Hotel Corporation  PIONEERS OF THE HOSPITALITY INDUSTRY Cesar Ritz - Cesar Ritz was a hotelier at the Grand National Hotel in Lucerne, Switzerland. Because of his management abilities, “the hotel became one of the most popular in Europe.  PIONEERS OF THE HOSPITALITY INDUSTRY William Waldorf Astor and John Jacob Astor IV - In 1893, William Waldorf Astor launched the 13-story Waldorf Hotel at Fifth Avenue near Thirty-four street in New York City. - Four years later, the Waldorf was joined by the 17-story Astoria Hotel, erected on the adjacent site by William Astor’s cousin, John Jacob Astor IV. PIONEERS OF THE HOSPITALITY INDUSTRY  Kemmons Wilson - Kemmons Wilson started the Holiday Inn chain in 1950’s, openings his first Holiday Inn in Memphis's, Tennessee. PIONEERS OF THE HOSPITALITY INDUSTRY J.W Marriott and J.W. Marriott Jr. - J.W Marriott (1990-1985) founded his hotel empire in 1957 with the twin Bridges Marriot Hotel in Virginia (Washington D.C.)  PIONEERS OF THE HOSPITALITY INDUSTRY Ernest Henderson and Robert Moore - Ernest Henderson and Robert Moore started the Sheraton Chain in 1937 - Until 1968, Sheraton was acquired by ITT Corporation as a wholly owned subsidiary, and ambitious development plans were put into place to create a truly global network of properties PIONEERS OF THE HOSPITALITY INDUSTRY  Ray Schultz - In the early 1980’s, Ray Shultz founded the Hampton Inn Hotels, which was a company in the Holiday Inn Corporation.  PIONEERS OF THE HOSPITALITY INDUSTRY  Marie-Antoine Careme (1784–1833) - Credited as the founder of haute cuisine (High art of French cooking) - By the age of 21 he was chef de cuisine to Talleyrand. He also served as head chef to the future George IV of England, Emperor Alexander I of Russia, and Baron James de Rothschild. “Cook of Kings and the King of Cooks”  PIONEERS OF THE HOSPITALITY INDUSTRY  Auguste Escoffier (1846–1935) - Patron Saint of Cooking - Escoffier was called "the emperor of chefs" and "emperor of the world's kitchens" by Emperor William II of Germany. He classified the 5 mother sauces.  PIONEERS OF THE HOSPITALITY INDUSTRY  Monsieur Boulanger - It was in 1765 when the very first restaurant in the world was established in Paris. -Monsieur Boulanger, a tavern keeper, served only a single dish which is the sheep’s feet simmered in white sauce.  PIONEERS OF THE HOSPITALITY INDUSTRY  Antoine Beauvillier - Boulanger may have been the first to use the term 'restaurant' to describe his eating establishment in 1765, but Antoine Beauvilliers opened the first 'real' restaurant in Paris in 1782. He named it La Grande Taverne de Londres  PIONEERS OF THE HOSPITALITY INDUSTRY  Charles Ranhofer - He is the first internationally renowned chef of American Restaurant. - In 1893, he published his “Franco American” cooking encyclopedia which contains 3,500 recipes.  PIONEERS OF THE HOSPITALITY INDUSTRY  Raymond Albert “Ray” Kroc - He is the pioneer of the fast-food industry with his worldwide McDonald’s enterprise (1954)  CLASSIFICATION OF HOTELS a. Location b. Types of services c. Price segment d. Size (#s of rooms) e. Diamond rating (AAA) f. Star Rating (DOT) g. Type of Ownership  A. Hotel Classification According to LOCATION 1. City Center Hotels Wide range of accommodations and services Typically have a signature restaurant Very accessible to business and commercial areas City Center Hotels can be further classified as: Luxury, Business, Suites, Economy, Residential  A. Hotel Classification According to LOCATION 2. Airport Hotel - Located at or near an airport - It works best for travelers who travel by air A Self-regulated Learning Module 46 - It is also the one chosen by airlines as venue for accommodation of lay-over passengers (delayed/cancelled flights)  A. Hotel Classification According to LOCATION 3. Freeway hotels and Motels - Often clustered in freeway, on the outskirts of towns and cities. - Convenient place to stay for road travelers - Guest could simply drive up, park outside the office, register, rent a room, and park outside the room.  A. Hotel Classification According to LOCATION 4. Resort Hotel - Located away from city or suburb - Location carries a special attraction, other than the hotel itself - The attraction can be a natural wonder like a seaside, mountainside, amusement park etc.