Jean Watson's Theory of Transpersonal Caring

JEAN WATSON’S THEORY OF TRANSPERSONAL CARING Presented By : Raniel Mae Shae Abello Princess Abian Dior Xexa Liam Marie Agnas MARGARET JEAN HARMAN WATSON (June 10, 1940 – Present) Credentials: 1964 - BSN, University of Colorado...

JEAN WATSON’S THEORY OF TRANSPERSONAL CARING Presented By : Raniel Mae Shae Abello Princess Abian Dior Xexa Liam Marie Agnas MARGARET JEAN HARMAN WATSON (June 10, 1940 – Present) Credentials: 1964 - BSN, University of Colorado 1966 - MS Psychiatric-Mental Health Nursing, University of Colorado 1973 - Ph.D. in Educational Psychology and Counseling RN (Registered Nurse) FAAN (Fellow of the American Academy of Nursing) AHN-BC (Advanced holistic nurse board certified) 6 Honorary Doctoral Degrees MARGARET JEAN HARMAN WATSON (June 10, 1940 – Present) Background: Educator and Scholar Author and Theorist Published Book Philosophy and Science of Caring (1979) Nursing: Human Science and Human Care (1988) Assessing and Measuring Caring in Nursing and Health Sciences (2002)  NURSING According to Watson (1988), the word nurse is both a noun and a verb. To her nursing consist of knowlege, thought, values, philosophy, commitment, and action, with some degree of passion" Watson’s work has been called a philosopy, blueprint, ethic, paradigm, worldview, treatise, conceptual model, framework, and theory (Watson, 1996) Watson defines theory as “an imaginative groupings of knowledge, ideas, and experience that are represented symbolically and seek to illuminate a given phenomenon” MODEL METAPARADIGM OF NURSING Personhood Nursing (Human Being) Environment Health HOW WAS THE THEORY CREATED? ELEMENTS - CARING THEORY CARATIVE FACTORS EVOLVING INTO CARITAS FACTOR TRANSPERSONAL CARING MOMENT CARING RELATIONSHIPS  Carative Factor The Formation of Development of a Helping- Humanistic-altruistic Trust relationship System of Values The Promotion and Acceptance of the The Instillation of Expression of Positive and Faith-Hope Negative Feelings The Cultivation of The Systematic Use of a Sensitivity to One’s Self Scietific Problem Solving Method for Desicion and to Others Making  Carative Factor The Promotion of Traspersonal teaching- Learning The Provision for a The Allowance of Supportive, Protective, Existential - and/or Corrective Mental, Phenomenological Physical, Societal, and Spiritual Environment Forces The Assisstance with Gratifications of Human Needs  10 CARITAS PROCESSES 1). Cultivating the Practice of Loving-Kindness and Equanimity Toward Self and Other as a Foundational to Caritas Consciousness 2). Being Authentically Present: Enabling, Sustaining, and Honoring the Faith, Hope, and Deep Belief System and Inner-Subjective World of Self/Other. 3). Cultivation of Own Spiritual Practices and Transpersonal Self, Going Beyond Ego-Self  10 CARITAS PROCESSES 4). Development and Sustaining a Helping-Trust Caring Relationship 5). Being Present to, and Supportive of, the Expression of Positive and Negative Feelings 6). Creative Use of Self and All Ways of Knowing as Part of the Caring Process; Engage in the Artistry of Caritas Nursing  10 CARITAS PROCESSES 7). Engage in Genuine Teaching-Learning Experience that Attends to Unity of Being an Subjective Meaning–Attempting to Stay Within the Other’s Frame of Preference 8). Creating a Healing Environment at All Levels 9). Administering Sacred Nursing Acts of Caring-Healing by Tending to Basic Human Needs  10 CARITAS PROCESSES 10). Opening and Attending to Spiritual/Mysterious and Existential Unknowns of Life-Death TRANSPERSONAL CARING RELATIONSHIP transpersonal caring relationship, Watson (1999) - “it is a special kind of human care relationship- a union with another person—high regard for the whole person and their being in the–world” 1 THE CARING MOMENT (CONCEPT) Watson (1998, 1999) stated that when human caring is created the nurse and patient come together to create a moment, this is known as the caring occasion/caring moment Watson (1999) feels as though the nurse and the patient must be aware of the caring moment so as to make appropriate choices and actions, thereby the nurse without knowing becomes a part of the patients "life history"  Watson describes assumptions for a transpersonal caring relationship extending to a multidisciplinary practitioner: 1.Moral Commitment and Caritas 6. Ongoing Growth 2. Intentional Connection 7. Cultural and Personal 3. Genuine Presence and Intuition Enrichment 4. Acts of Caring 8. Facilitators of Growth 5. Transpersonal Caring 9. Wounded Healers  How does the Theory applied in Nursing Practice? “Caring begins with being present, open to compassion, mercy, gentleness, loving kindness and equanimity toward adn with self before one can offer compassionate care to others” (Watson, 2008, p. xviii EXAMPLES OF APPLICATION OF THE THEORY IN NURSING PRACTICE Watson's theory has been validated in outpatient, inpatient. and community health clinical settings and with various populations, including recent applications with attention to patient care essentials (Pipe et al., 2012), living on a ventilator (Lindahl, 2011), simulating care (Diener & Hobbs, 2012), mothers struggling with mental illness (Blegen, Eriksson, & Bondas, 2014), and women with infertility (Arslan-Ozkan, Okumus, & Buldukoglu, 2014; Ozan, Okumus, & Lash, (2015). Jesse and Alligood (2014) provide examples of the application of Watson's theory in nursing practice.  Implementation of Watson’s Theory of Human Caring: A Case Study Mrs. E. Y, is a 23-year-old, junior high school graduate and housewife who lives in the center of an urban city. Mrs. E.Y is Muslim and she introduces herself as a faithful person to her religion and beliefs. Her husband lives in a different city away from the family due to work. Mrs. E.Y has been married for three years. She indicated that her in-laws expected grandchildren by now, and blamed her for not having had any children. In Turkey, in order for a woman to earn familial respect and social status, she must give birth. If a woman does not become pregnant, she is to blame first and soon becomes stigmatized as “barren”. In conclusion, this case study suggest that the practice of Watson’s theory Human Caring could be a useful guidance caring relationship” were the prime road-maps in the care of Mrs. E. Y. In addition, carative factor #6, “creative problem- solving” and the corresponding carative process, that require full use of self in finding creative solution through caring, were effective in enabling Mrs. E. Y. to arrive a stage of regaining hope. The theory of Human Caring focuses on human characteristics that strive for healing and love in stressful, physical or emotional conditions and makes it a suitable guide for IVF nurses in providing care that projects, hope, respect, trust, and compassion. What is the influence on the patient? Criticisms & Challenges Critics of Watson's work have concentrated on her use of undefined or changing/shifting definitions and terms and her focus on the psychosocial rather than the pathophysiological aspects of nursing. One critique is that the theory does not furnish explick direction about what to do to achieve authentic canne healing relationships. Nurses who want concrete guidelines may not feel secure when trying to use this theory alone. Some have suggested that it takes too much time to incorporate the caritas into practice, and some note that Watson's personal growth emphasis is a quality "that while appealing to some may not appeal to others" (Drummond, 2005, p. 218).  10 Caritas Processes Baylon’s Category 1). Formation of a Humanistic altruistic System of Values 6). Good nursing service, care, and other issues 2). Instillation of Faith-Hope 7). Prayer and God’s help issues 3). Cultivation of Sensitivity to Self and to Others 1). Avoidance of others 4). Development of a Helping-Trust Relationship 5). Good doctor-nurse-patient relationship 5). Promotion and Acceptance of the Expression of Positive and 3). Discomfort with others Negative Feelings 6). Systematic Use of the Scientific Problem-Solving Method for 6). Good nursing service, care, and other issues Decision Making 7). Promotion of Interpersonal Teaching-Learning 2). Deformity Issues 8). Provision for Supportive, Protective, and Corrective Mental, 6). Good nursing service, care, and other issues Physical, Sociocultural, and Spiritual Environment 9). Assistance with Gratification of Human Needs 12). Food accessibility and other supply issues 10). Allowance for Existential-Phenomenological Forces 2). Deformity Issues  “We are the light in institutional darkness, and this model we get to return to the light of our humanity.” -Jean Watson (2012)  REFERENCES Alligood, M. R. Nursing theorists and their work (9th ed.). (2018). Elsevier Inc. Hill, M., & Watson, K. (2011). Creating a caring sequence curriculum. New York: Springer Jean Watson & The Watson Caring Science Institute. (2022, October 28). The life journey of Dr. Jean Watson [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=i78GlqbmS-A Jean Watson & The Watson Caring Science Institute. (2023, March 17). The Ten Caritas Processes | Dr. Jean Watson [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch? v=jRvNYuhKxBA Watson Caring Science Institute. (2024, August 15). 10 Caritas Processes® - Watson Caring Science Institute. https://www.watsoncaringscience.org/jean-bio/caring-science-theory/10- caritas-processes/ Watson Caring Science Institute. (2019b, December 3). Personal profile - Watson Caring Science Institute. https://www.watsoncaringscience.org/jean-bio/personal-profile/ Watson, J. (2005). Caring science as sacred science. Philadelphia: F. A. Davis. Watson, J. (2012). Human Caring Science: A theory of nursing. Boston: Jones & Bartlett