GE3 – The Contemporary World Module 3 PDF

GE3 – THE CONTEMPORARY WORLD 3 “A HISTORY OF GLOBAL POLITICS: CREATING AN INTERNATIONAL ORDER” MS. JASMIN A. FALLEJO  NO. 3 The Contemporary World A History of Global Politics: Creating an International Order Explain the effects of glob...

GE3 – THE CONTEMPORARY WORLD 3 “A HISTORY OF GLOBAL POLITICS: CREATING AN INTERNATIONAL ORDER” MS. JASMIN A. FALLEJO  NO. 3 The Contemporary World A History of Global Politics: Creating an International Order Explain the effects of globalization on governments Identify the institutions that govern international relations Differentiate internationalism from globalism NO. 3 The Contemporary World  NO. 3 The Contemporary World “Democracy arises out of the notion that those who are equal in any respect are equal in all respects; Because men are equally free, they claim to be absolutely equal.” Aristotle  NO. 3 The Contemporary World The world is composed of many countries or states, all of them having different forms of government. Scholars study political, military, and other diplomatic engagements between two countries known as international relations. Moreover, when they explore the deepening of interactions between states, they refer to the phenomenon of internationalization.  NO. 3 The Contemporary World The Attributes of Today’s Global System Sovereignty Diplomacy International Organizations IOs take on lives of their own  NO. 3 The Contemporary World Nation-State. Not all states are nations and not all nations are states. State refers to a country and its government which has four attributes: Sovereignty Citizens Territory Government  NO. 3 The Contemporary World Nation, according to Benedict Anderson, is an “imagined community” or the people who have imbibed a particular culture, speak a common language, and live in a specific territory. The nation allows one to feel a connection with a community of people even if he/she will never meet all of them in his/her lifetime.  NO. 3 The Contemporary World The Treaty of Westphalia was a set of agreements signed in 1648 to end the Thirty Year’s War between the major continental powers of Europe. After a brutal religious war between Catholics and Protestants, the Holy Roman Empire, Spain, France, Sweden, and the Dutch Republic designed a system that would avert wars in the future by recognizing that the treaty signers exercise complete control over their domestic affairs and swear not to meddle in each other’s affairs.  NO. 3 The Contemporary World However, the treaty faced its first major challenge by Napoleon Bonaparte who believed in spreading the principles of the French Revolution – liberty, equality, and fraternity – to the rest of Europe and thus challenged the power of kings, nobility, and religion in Europe. The Napoleonic Wars lasted from 1803-1815 and they implemented the Napoleonic Code that forbade birth privileges, encouraged freedom or religion, and promoted meritocracy in government service.  NO. 3 The Contemporary World Anglo and Prussian armies finally defeated Napoleon in the Battle of Waterloo in 1815. The Concert of Europe was an alliance of the “great powers” – the United Kingdom, Austria, and Prussia – that sought to restore the world of monarchial, hereditary, and religious privileges of the time before the French Revolution and the Napoleonic Wars. Under this Metternich System (named after the Austrian diplomat, Klemens von Metternich, who was the system’s main architect), the Concert’s power and authority lasted from 1815 to 1914, at the dawn of World War I.  NO. 3 The Contemporary World Internationalism is a desire for greater cooperation and unity among states and people. Two categories of Internationalism: Liberal Internationalism Socialist Internationalism  NO. 3 The Contemporary World Immanuel Kant - German philosopher who is the first major thinker of liberal internationalism in the 18th Century and imagined a form of global government.  NO. 3 The Contemporary World Jeremy Bentham - British Utilitarian philosopher who coined the term “international” in 1780 and advocated the creation of “international law” that would govern the inter-state relations.  NO. 3 The Contemporary World Giuseppe Mazzini - Italian patriot who was the first thinker to reconcile nationalism with liberal internationalism in the 19th century and was both an advocate of the unification of various Italian-speaking mini-states and a major critic of the Metternich System. He also believed that free, unified nation-states should be the basis of global cooperation.  NO. 3 The Contemporary World Woodrow Wilson - was a US President from 1913-1921 who became one of the 20th century’s most prominent internationalists. He forwarded the principle of self-determination (belief that the world’s nations had a right to a free and sovereign government).  NO. 3 The Contemporary World Karl Marx - German socialist and internationalist philosopher who believed that any true form of internationalism should deliberately reject nationalism. Classes in Society = Capitalist vs Proletariat  NO. 3 The Contemporary World Friedrich Engels - supported Karl Marx in a socialist revolution seeking to overthrow the state and alter the economy.  NO. 3 The Contemporary World Socialist International - was a union of European socialist and labor parties established in Paris in 1889. Their achievements included: May 1 as Labor Day, 8-hr workday, and International Women’s Day.  NO. 3 The Contemporary World Vlademir Lenin - leader of the Bolshevik Party during the Russian Revolution in 1917 who overthrown Czar Nicholas II and replaced Russia with a revolutionary government (beginnings of Communist parties).  NO. 3 The Contemporary World Communist International (Cominterm) - served as the central body for directing Communist parties all over the world in 1919.  NO. 3 The Contemporary World Joseph Stalin - successor of Vlademir Lenin who appeased the Allied forces by dissolving the Cominterm in 1943 but re-established the Communist Information Bureau (Cominform) after WWII. NO. 3 The Contemporary World NO. 3 The Contemporary World PR 3.1.1 Politics and Globalization What remnants of the Pen & Paper Westphalian system can still be felt at this day and age? In what sense has the world gone beyond the Westphalian system? none Do you think internalization erodes the sovereignty of states? What is the role of revolution in internationalism?  NO. 3 The Contemporary World PR 3.1.1 For Flexible Distance Learning: Screenshot of hand written answer on bond paper and uploaded at Edmodo Apps For Modular Distance Learning: Handwritten bond paper and submitted at AISAT Campus Five days after the discussion. April 02, 2021  NO. 3 The Contemporary World “The measure of a man is what he does with power.” Plato