Israel Test #1 Study Guide (PDF)

Israel test- #1- Study Guide- 5785 1) Dates- explain what major event happened on each date: Aug 29, 1897- 1st Zionist Congress, Basel, Switzerland 1903- Kishinev pogrom Nov 2, 1917- Balfour Declaration 1939- The White Paper 2) Quotes- explain who said each quote and when/why - “It is good to...

Israel test- #1- Study Guide- 5785 1) Dates- explain what major event happened on each date: Aug 29, 1897- 1st Zionist Congress, Basel, Switzerland 1903- Kishinev pogrom Nov 2, 1917- Balfour Declaration 1939- The White Paper 2) Quotes- explain who said each quote and when/why - “It is good to die for your country” - ‫טוב למות בעד ארצנו‬- - Trumpeldor- died defending Tel Hai - “If you will it, it is no dream” - ‫אם תרצו אין זו אגדה‬ - Theodor Herzl- support zionist dream- - "Miracles sometimes occur, but one has to work terribly hard for them"- Chaim Weitzmann- encouraged Balfour to write the declaration encouraging Jewish homeland - “We will fight the british like there is no White Paper, and fight the White Paper like there is no war” - Ben Gurion- fight both the Nazi and the British immigration policies at the same time- 1939 - Ivri daber ivrit- ‫עברי דבר עברית‬ Eliezer Ben Yehuda- revived Hebrew language- made his son only speak Hebrew, created dictionary in hebrew - “J’accuse” - Emil Zola- journalist, Alfred Dreyfus falsely accused of spying- accused because he was a Jew- spurred Herzl to promote zionism - "His Majesty's Government views with favor the establishment of in Palestine a national home for the Jewish people, and will use their best endeavors to facilitate the achievement of this object." Balfour declaration- Jews should have a homeland 3) Zionisms- explain TWO main points of each: a) Political Zionism- Jews are a people and a nation/ Jews have a right to a homeland to combat antisemitism b) Labor Zionism- kibbutzim/ work the land/ egalitarian- men and women are equal/ new jew c) Revisionist Zionism- land on both sides of Jordan river/ armed resistance d) Cultural Zionism- everything from Israel becomes culture/ revive Hebrew language, Israeli ideas of literature and arts would inspire jews around the world e) Religious Zionism- do mitzvot- only place you can fulfill all/ helps bring about the time of mashiach f) Diaspora Zionism- you can still be a zionist and not live in Israel/ Louis Brandeis- 1st Jewish supreme court justice- dual loyalty 4) Rachel- life story- be able to explain: 🙁 - Why Rachel moved around so much- 1st- to Israel to farm/ then to europe to learn agriculture/ WWI/ tuberculosis - What area of Israel did she love, and where was she buried? Kinneret  - Who did Rachel love that she was not able to marry? Zalman Shazar - What is Rachel’s connection to the song Zemer Nugeh and Ilan Ramon? She wrote Zemer Nugeh/ 1st the Hebrew song played in space- Ilan Ramin was 1st Jewish/ Israeli astronaut - 5) Short answer- from the notes - What role did Alfred Dreyfus have on Theodore Herzl- inspired Herzl to realize that Jews were not safe or accepted- they needed their own homeland - Who controlled Palestine before the British- Ottoman Empire - How did Eliezer ben Yehuda revive Hebrew- dictionary, only spoke Hebrew - Where did Herzl originally think the Jewish homeland would be Uganda - What language did Herzl think would be the official language of the Jewish homeland German - What were the names of the two all Jewish units in WWI who fought for the British? Zion Mule Corps (Trumpeldor) and Jewish Legion (Jabotinsky) - What are haluztim? Pioneer- early kibbutzniks - What exactly are the judicial reforms? (explain the three points) 1) override clause- Knesset would be able to override Supreme Court decision with 61 votes 2) Removing reasonability test - Supreme Court couldn’t decide based on if something is reasonable- ex- Aryeh Deri couldn’t be a gov minister because he has criminal convictions 3) Changes to how judges are appointed- currently, judges are chosen by 9 members- 3 Supreme Court/2 Israeli bar/ 4 ministers and Knesset members. Proposed change- swap out the bar for public representatives chosen by the Justice minister effectively giving a majority of votes to the government - No constitution - What do Israelis think about the plan? What are the best arguments for and against it? - strong opinions - Opponents- sealing Supreme Court gives too much power to legislation- concerns about tyranny, no checks and balances - Proponents- Supreme Court has grown overly powerful- power should go to democratically elected officials - Moderates- reforms are needed but these go too far - Whose work after the Kishinev pogrom led him to become Israel’s national poet? Chayim Nachman Bialik