Industrial Psychology PDF

Industrial Psychology #BLEPP2023 Sources: Aamodt (2016), Levy (2017), Howes & Muchinsky (2019),...

Industrial Psychology #BLEPP2023 Sources: Aamodt (2016), Levy (2017), Howes & Muchinsky (2019), Riggio (2013), McShane & Glinow (2018), Dessler (2017), Cummings & Worley (2009), Mondy & Martocchio (2016) Organizational Theory (20) o Scalar Principle – deals with the organization’s Organizational Theories, Models, and Concepts vertical growth and refers to the chain of command Organizational Theory that grows with levels added to the organization o Organization – collectivities of parts that cannot ▪ Each subordinate should be accountable to only accomplish their goals effectively if they operated one superior (unity of command) separately o Line/Staff Principle ▪ a tool people use to coordinate their actions to Line Functions: have primary responsibilities for obtain something they desire or value to achieve meeting the major goals of the organization, like the a goal production department ▪ org creates value, or else the “die” Staff Function: support the line’s activities but are ▪ How do org create value? Environment regarded as subsidiary in overall importance to line (Customers, Suppliers) > Input (Raw Materials, functions IT, HR) > Process (Machines, Computers, o Span-Of-Control Principle – refers to the number KSAOs) > Output (Products, Services) of subordinates a manager is responsible for o Organizational Theory – set of propositions that supervising explains or predicts how group and individuals ▪ Large Span-of-Control produce flat behave in varying organizational structures and organizations, whilst, smaller Span-of-Control circumstances produce taller organizations Classical Theory/Classical Organizational Theory A. Scientific Management by Frederick Taylor o Classical Organizational Theory – organizations ▪ The organization is a machine, a pragmatic exists for economic reasons and to accomplish machine whose focus is to simply run more productivity goals effectively o The basic ingredient of any organization and then ▪ Taylor believed that scientific principles could addresses how organizations should best structured be applied to the study of work behavior to help to accomplish its objectives increase worker efficiency and productivity ✓ System of differentiated activities – activities ▪ Based on the concept of planning of work to that are linked to each other achieve efficiency, standardization, ✓ People – perform tasks and exercise authority specialization, and simplification ✓ Cooperation toward a goal – unity of purpose in ▪ The advantages of productivity improvement pursuit of their common goals should go to workers ✓ Authority – ensures cooperation among people ▪ Physical stress and anxiety should be eliminated pursuing their goals ▪ Capabilities of workers should be developed o There is a “right” structure for an organization through training o Assumes there is one best configuration to ▪ Traditional boss concept should be elimated accomplish goals ▪ Mainly associated with high levels of job o Scientific Analysis will identify the one best way to specialization and standardization organize for production ▪ conducted time and motion studies and analyzed o Deal with the formal organization and concepts to temperature, illumination, and other conditions increase management efficiency of work, all while looking at the effects of these o Both people and organizations act in accordance conditions on productivity and efficiency with rational economic principles ▪ Taylorism: has a premise that there is one best o To be successful in this new economy, industrial way to get the job done and mechanical engineers are needed to organize ▪ Management gathers data from the workers, who production systems to keep the machines busy and are in the best position to understand the job work flowing duties and tasks o Functional Principle – concept behind division of ▪ Workers are selected carefully or scientifically labor, that is, organizations should be divided into and trained so that they become more efficient units that perform similar functions into areas of than ever specialization ▪ Scientific selection, data collection, and training are combined to enhance efficiency Hi :) this reviewer is FREE! u can share it with others but never sell it okay? let’s help each other