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Questions and Answers
What does the Scalar Principle deal with?
What does the Scalar Principle deal with?
According to the Span-of-Control Principle, larger spans of control produce taller organizational structures.
According to the Span-of-Control Principle, larger spans of control produce taller organizational structures.
False
Who is associated with Scientific Management?
Who is associated with Scientific Management?
Frederick Taylor
The concept of division of labor is referred to as the ______ Principle.
The concept of division of labor is referred to as the ______ Principle.
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Match the following principles to their descriptions:
Match the following principles to their descriptions:
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What is the primary focus of Classical Organizational Theory?
What is the primary focus of Classical Organizational Theory?
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What does Taylorism suggest regarding work?
What does Taylorism suggest regarding work?
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According to Classical Organizational Theory, people's capabilities should not be developed through training.
According to Classical Organizational Theory, people's capabilities should not be developed through training.
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Study Notes
Industrial Psychology Overview
- Industrial psychology focuses on the behavior of individuals and groups within organizational contexts.
- It seeks to improve productivity, enhance employee satisfaction, and optimize workplace environments.
Organizational Theory
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Scalar Principle: Refers to vertical growth in organizations and the chain of command.
- Unity of command stipulates each subordinate should report to one superior for accountability.
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Line/Staff Principle:
- Line Functions: Directly responsible for achieving main organizational goals (e.g., production department).
- Staff Functions: Provide support to line functions, considered less critical.
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Span-Of-Control Principle:
- Defines the number of subordinates a manager supervises.
- A large span results in flat organization structures; a small span leads to taller organizations.
Classical Organizational Theory
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Organizations are created for economic efficiency and productivity.
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Emphasizes:
- System of Differentiated Activities: Linked activities essential for organization function.
- People: Perform roles with authority in pursuit of goals.
- Cooperation: Necessary for achieving common objectives.
- Authority: Critical for ensuring coordinated goal-directed efforts.
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Assumes there is an optimal organizational structure to achieve goals.
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Advocates for scientific analysis to identify the best methods for organization and productivity enhancements.
Scientific Management (Frederick Taylor)
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Organizations viewed as machines focused on efficiency.
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Introduced scientific principles to analyze work behavior, aiming to enhance worker productivity through:
- Planning work processes.
- Advocating for standardization, specialization, and simplification of tasks.
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Key Principles:
- Productivity gains should benefit workers.
- Elimination of physical stress and anxiety in the workplace.
- Development of worker capabilities via training.
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Promotes the idea that rational economic principles guide both individual and organizational behavior.
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Advocated for data-driven management where workers contribute insights into job tasks and duties.
Functional Principle
- Organizations should be structured into specialized units performing similar functions to enhance efficiency.
- Emphasizes the critical role of scientific selection, data collection, and targeted training to boost worker productivity.
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Description
Assess your knowledge of organizational theory in industrial psychology, covering topics such as scalar principle and more. Based on sources from Aamodt, Levy, Howes, and others.
