Invasions of Britain: Anglo-Saxons, Jutes, Vikings, Mongols (PDF)

Invasions-anglo saxons,jutes,Vikings,mongols Anglo saxons Germanic tribes that played a transformative role in early England Came from present day Germany and Denmark and migrated to Britain in the 5^th^ and 6^th^ centuries They introduced old English which was the foundation to modern day Engli...

Invasions-anglo saxons,jutes,Vikings,mongols Anglo saxons Germanic tribes that played a transformative role in early England Came from present day Germany and Denmark and migrated to Britain in the 5^th^ and 6^th^ centuries They introduced old English which was the foundation to modern day English Introduced kingdoms like Wessex and Mercia Their contributions influenced englands language culture and early society Jutes Very similar to the anglo Saxons Germanic people that came from areas in present day Germany and Denmark Came to Britain in the 5^th^ century while looking for better land Mainly settled in Kent where the influenced local language and culture Their Prescence add to Britian's early cultural diversity Vikings Came from Scandinavian countries like Denmark Norway and Sweden Were known for their seafaring skills and warrior culture During the Viking age (8^th^ to 11^th^ century) they travelled widely to places including Britain They had a famous raid in Lindisfarne (793 CE) which marked the beginning of the viking age They invaded Britain to gain wealth, trade and new lands to settle They had a big impact in Britain where they influenced place names that are still present today Mongols Nomadic (moved around a lot) came from Mongolia and expanded by conquering other empires like Europe and China Led by Genghis khan who allowed to conquer other empires Famous for building the largest land empire in history stretching from Asia to Europe They were known for horseback riding and archery making them strong warriors Helped improve trade by making the silk road safe again which also connected different parts of the world Allowed different religions within their empire Gave women more rights compared to other empires England Roads were not of good quality Only best transport was by boat Most people's lives were judged off of where they lived Most people that lived in villages would have farming as their dominant type of work The lord was the most important member of the village they owned land collected tax and ensured that laws were followed and that there was order in the community. They tended to live in huge and manor houses. If people were not to pay their taxes, they would be punished. This punishment would involve having to use physical torture or embarrassment in front of others. There was a system known as trial by ordeal which would e used to test if a person was lying. This method would involve making the suspect walk over red-hot bars for a certain distance. If their wound from the hot bars healed quickly you would be innocent. later, law courts would be used instead of these ordeals Women often had to play a subservient role (role lower than men) and only had a few rights. They didn't have a choice for choosing their husband and instead had to work hard in farming as well as raising children. Religion was an important role in England The Catholic Church was very powerful then, leading to many churches and cathedrals being built for worship and community gatherings. Pilgrimage was a tradition where people would have to go on a journey to a sacred place for spiritual purpose, this was important for people who could travel Canterbury in Kent of England was an important pilgrimage site at the time China In Imperial China, which began in the 3rd century BCE, Emperor Qin started the Great Wall and created the Terracotta Warriors. China called itself the \"Middle Kingdom,\" seeing itself as the center of the world. Confucius, a philosopher, shaped society with ideas about respect, harmony, and family. During the Song Dynasty (960-1279 CE), China advanced in printing, farming, and metalwork. Important inventions included gunpowder for fireworks and war, paper money, the compass, and movable type printing. In cities, people lived with more wealth and culture, while rural areas focused on farming. Foot binding was a painful custom for upper-class women to show beauty and wealth, often causing disabilities.