Introduction To Ergonomics (Health Work) PDF

INTRODUCTION TO ERGONOMICS 11/13/2024 www.gmu.ac.ae COLLEGE OF ALLIED HEALTH SEIENCES  LEARNING OBJECTIVES Understand the basics of ergonomics Learn the principles of ergonomic and their applications; Understand good working p...

INTRODUCTION TO ERGONOMICS 11/13/2024 www.gmu.ac.ae COLLEGE OF ALLIED HEALTH SEIENCES  LEARNING OBJECTIVES Understand the basics of ergonomics Learn the principles of ergonomic and their applications; Understand good working practices; Identify work tasksthat may lead to pain or injury; Learn practical ergonomics solutions for work and life Understand musculoskeletal injuries that are a result of improper Ergonomics 11/13/2024  INTRODUCTION TO ERGONOMICS Lesson 1: Definition and History Lesson 2: Ergonomic Framework, Lesson 3: Importance of Ergonomic Lesson 4: Domain of Ergonomic. 11/13/2024  LESSON 1- DEFINITION AND HISTORY The word "ergonomics" is from Greek: ∙ "ergon" means "work," ∙ "nomos" means "laws” ∙ Ergonomics is defined as "the laws pertaining to work” Ergonomics also referred as Human Factors 11/13/2024  LESSON 1- DEFINITION AND HISTORY What is it?? : Scientific discipline Concerned with what?: With understanding of interactions among humans & other elements of a system What does it do??: Applies theory, principles, data & methods For what??? : To design (jobs, products, workplaces & equipment) Who benefits : In order to optimize human well-being & overall system performance. 11/13/2024  LESSON 1- DEFINITION AND HISTORY Ergonomics is study of work performance with emphasis on worker safety & productivity Ergonomics is a multidisciplinary activity striving to assemble on people’s capacities & capabilities & to use that information in designing jobs, products, workplaces & equipment. 11/13/2024  KEY FACTORS IN ERGONOMICS It’s an interdisciplinary field where knowledge & theory are integrated to obtain understanding to address human needs in product design for the occupational environment 11/13/2024  KEY FACTORS IN ERGONOMICS Physiology: Understanding how physical aspects of human respond to the work environment Psychology: Understanding cognitive interaction of work environment Biomechanics: Concerned with mechanical & motion characteristics of body & its elements in the work environment Physics: Law of science & engineering concept Anthropometry: The empirical measures that attempts to define physical measures like person’s size 11/13/2024  LESSON 2: ERGONOMICS FRAMEWORK 11/13/2024  LESSON 2-ERGONOMICS FRAMEWORK TASK ❑To ensure the task ❑To ensure that the tools that design is accommodating is being used by the to the capabilities and workers are suitable for capacities of each workers. the task at hand 11/13/2024  LESSON 2-ERGONOMICS FRAMEWORK WORKSTATION ❑The workstation is the place or area where people perform their tasks. 11/13/2024  LESSON 2- ERGONOMICS FRAMEWORK ENVIRONMENT Temperature 11/13/2024  LESSON 2- ERGONOMICS FRAMEWORK WORK ORGANIZATION The management needs to carefully assess the physical and mental capabilities of workers. Important factors that need to be considered are: TASK CHARACTERISTICS TASK DEMANDS INSTRUCTIONS AND POTENTIAL STRESSORS PROCEDURES 11/13/2024  LESSON 3- IMPORTANCE OF ERGONOMICS To increase the level of safety and health of workers, reduce stress and fatigue, enable greater efficiency and productivity, reduce ill-health and error, and prevent accidents. To optimize the To improve the integration of man and performance of systems machine so as to improve comprising of people and the work rate and equipment accuracy. 11/13/2024  Ergonomics is concerned with Ignoring ergonomics will ensuring a good match between result in designs that are people and the things they interact doomed to fail in the with. This may include the objects marketplace as they don't fit they use or the environment they the needs of the user. live in. Every product, system, or environment should be designed with ergonomics in mind. 11/13/2024  LESSON 4-ERGONOMIC DOMAINS PHYSICAL ORGANIZATIONAL COGNITIVE 11/13/2024  LESSON 4-ERGONOMIC DOMAINS Physical Domain Physical characteristics of person essential for work (anatomical, anthropometric, physiological& biomechanical) Concerned with human anatomical, anthropometric, physiological and biomechanical characteristics as they relate to physical activity. 11/13/2024  LESSON 4-ERGONOMIC DOMAINS Cognitive Domain Is concerned with cognitive processes (perception, memory, reasoning) Concerned with mental process such as perception, memory, reasoning and motor response as they affect interactions among humans and other elements of a system 11/13/2024  LESSON 4-ERGONOMIC DOMAINS Organizational Domain Is concerned with psycho-social & socio-cultural system (organizational structures, policies & processes) optimization of sociotechnical systems, including their organizational structures, policies and processes 11/13/2024  CLASSIFICATION OF ERGONOMIC PROBLEMS 11/13/2024  CLASSIFICATION OF ERGONOMIC PROBLEMS User Based Approach Systematic approach for addressing problems at work Example: Musculoskeletal problems in lifting Task Based Approach Occupational environment is basis for evaluation Focuses on specific type occupational issue & resultant impact on user 11/13/2024  LEGISLATIVE & REGULATORY BODIES ERGONOMIC PROBLEMS USA Occupational Safety & Health Administration (OSHA) National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) UAE Occupational Health and Safety Management System (OHSMS) 11/13/2024  ROLE OF ERGONOMIST To accommodate the functional capacities & capabilities of worker to his/her requirements & To design an healthy workplace that aims at improving work efficiency & maximizing productivity 11/13/2024  APPLICATIONS OF ERGONOMICS 1. Worker & Job match: Placement need 2. Training & injury prevention need 3. Rehabilitation need 4. Job modification need 5. Tool design & redesign need 11/13/2024  THANK YOU 11/13/2024 www.gmu.ac.ae