Education in Turkish History Notes PDF

**Education in Turkish History** **[Education among the Huns (ca. 200s BC)]** Nomadic society, non-formal education, everyone as a potential soldier, education focused on animal products, weapons, and weaving, shamans in religious education **[Education among the Göktürks (500-700 AD)]** The G...

**Education in Turkish History** **[Education among the Huns (ca. 200s BC)]** Nomadic society, non-formal education, everyone as a potential soldier, education focused on animal products, weapons, and weaving, shamans in religious education **[Education among the Göktürks (500-700 AD)]** The Göktürk alphabet and Orhun inscriptions are indicators of the development of education and culture. *General idea: Bringing up "Alp" (brave) people* ***Education among the Uighurs (800-900 AD)*** Transition to settled life Alphabet Clergymen as educators *Post-Islamic Education (General idea: Bringing up "Alp-eren" (brave and wise) people)* **[Education among the Karakhanids (840s AD)]** First madrasa in Samarkand 1066 (teaching religion) → Sunnism, religious education, adab (moral conduct) Notable figures of this period: Farabi (Al-Madina al-Fadila), Ibn Sina (Canon of Medicine), Mahmud of Kashgar (Compendium of the Turkic Dialects), Yusuf Khass Hajib (Wisdom of Royal Glory), Hoca Ahmet Yesevi (First Turkish Sufi Order) ***Education in the Seljuks (1037, Anatolian Seljuks 1077-1308)*** Nizamiye Madrasas (1067), Nizam al-Mulk → Religion, Law, Language, Literature, Philosophy (positive sciences) Ahilik (Turkish-Islamic guild (1200s AD)) (vocational and moral education on the job) Prominent figures of this period: Yunus Emre, Jalal ad-Din Rumi, Nasreddin Hodja, Ahi Evran, etc. **[Education in the Ottomans (1299-1923)]** Until Mehmet the Conqueror, subjects like Kalam (theology), Fiqh (Islamic jurisprudence), Logic, etc. Were taught in madrasas. After Mehmet the Conqueror, additional philosophical sciences and positive sciences were included. **[Educational Institutions in the Ottoman Empire]** Sıbyan mektepleri (Primary Schools) (According to Evliya Çelebi, there were 1930 schools in Istanbul, 200 schools in Amasya, 110 schools in Erzurum.) Askeri mektepler (Military schools) Royal schools (Enderun, Mehterhane, Mızıkâ-i Hümayun) Foreign schools Minority schools Madrasahs Dar'ül Muallimin (Teacher school) (Sultan Abdülmecid, 1848) Tanzimat edict (1839) Regulations with the Reform (Islahat) Edict (1856) **[Turkish Republic period (1923 -- present)]** The Law of Unification of Education (Tevhid-i tedrisat Kanunu, 1924) Gazi institute of education (1926) (Gazi eğitim enstitüsü) Teacher schools, Village teacher schools, later (1940s) village institutes (closed in 1945) (Muallim mektepleri, Köy muallim mektepleri, köy enstitüleri) National Education Basic Law No. 1739 in 1973 Teachers' high schools and education institutes in 1975 (usually for 2 years) In 1982, the establishment of the Higher Education Institution (YÖK) and teacher training were given to the faculties.