MPHM15 Public Health and Pharmacy in the UK 2024 PDF

MPHM15 Public Health and Pharmacy in the UK Deanne Marshall September 2024  What is “Public Health”? “The science and art of promoting and protecting health and well‐ being, preventing ill‐health and prolonging life through the organised efforts of society.” The Faculty...

MPHM15 Public Health and Pharmacy in the UK Deanne Marshall September 2024  What is “Public Health”? “The science and art of promoting and protecting health and well‐ being, preventing ill‐health and prolonging life through the organised efforts of society.” The Faculty of Public Health  What “Public Health” issues do we face in the UK?  The “Public Health” Strand of M15 Runs over both semesters Will cover practice aspects of public health through pharmacy: – Introduction to Public Health and Pharmacy in the UK – Determinants of health – Tobacco – Cardiovascular Health – Screening – Harm reduction – Communicable diseases – Antimicrobial stewardship – Sexual Health – Health protection – Public health consultation skills What tools do we have in the UK to encourage “healthy behaviours”? Funding Arrangements for Public Health Integrated care systems (ICS)  Community Health Services Local Authorities Charities GP practices Community Pharmacies Sexual Health Clinics Secondary care trusts (hospitals) Social Enterprises Private healthcare providers The Three Domains of Public Health Health Health Protection Improvement Health Service Delivery and Quality  Community Pharmacy Contract Essential Services Private Services Advanced Services Enhanced Services NHS Non‐NHS locally commissi locally commission oned services ed services  Public Health in Pharmacy Contract Essential Services Public Health – Opportunistic one to one advice given on healthy lifestyle topics to certain patient groups who present prescriptions for dispensing e.g. diabetics, smokers, CHD – May be asked to be involved in up to six public health campaigns a year by NHS England – National campaigns e.g. Stoptober, Be Clear on Cancer – Leaflets and prompts for staff to give advice – This essential service has been used in some areas as part of the Healthy Living Pharmacy programme  Public Health in Pharmacy Contract Essential Services Disposal of unwanted medicines Pharmacovigilance WHO definition: Pharmacovigilance is the science and activities relating to the detection, assessment, understanding and prevention of adverse effects or any other medicine/vaccine related problem. Clinical Governance Clinical governance is the system through which NHS organisations are accountable for continuously improving the quality of their services and safeguarding high standards of care by creating an environment in which clinical excellence will flourish (Department of Health). – Patient and public involvement – Clinical audits – Risk management – Clinical effectiveness – Information Governance – Education and training – Staff management  PH Commissioned from Pharmacy Advanced Services Commissioned by NHS England (on behalf of Public Health England) Currently 9 advanced services pharmacies can choose to provide e.g –Influenza vaccination, Hypertension case-finding  PH Commissioned from Pharmacy Enhanced (Non‐NHS) locally commissioned services Commissioned by Local Authorities –Sexual health services –Harm reduction services –Cardiovascular screening –Smoking cessation services –Weight management  PH Commissioned from Pharmacy Enhanced nationally commissioned service Covid-19 vaccination service Commissioned nationally in December 2021 Over 1,500 community pharmacy sites were involved nationally  Healthy Living Pharmacies Initiated in Portsmouth in 2010 and subsequently has been rolled out wider Aim of Healthy Living Pharmacy is to highlight and support public health activities from a community pharmacy environment Utilises a range of services and pharmacy staff to support healthy living Was acknowledged in the Healthy Lives, Healthy People government paper Mixed results in the research, but generally seems to increase the number of public health interventions delivered from community pharmacies Now rolled out nationally and incentivised through the Quality Payments Scheme. Made an essential service in 2020/21  Summary The UK faces a range of public health issues including poor lifestyle choices leading to a range of long-term conditions Public health is tackled in the UK by multiple agencies and professions Public health is becoming an increasingly large aspect of community pharmacy practice Pharmacy has opportunities to further contribute to public health  Further Reading (Examinable) Further reading on the community pharmacy contract can be found on the Community Pharmacy England website https://cpe.org.uk/quality-and-regulations/the- pharmacy-contract/