MPHM15: Public Health and Pharmacy in the UK
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MPHM15: Public Health and Pharmacy in the UK

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Questions and Answers

What is primarily emphasized by the Faculty of Public Health in defining Public Health?

  • Providing healthcare services to only a minority of the population
  • Promoting health and preventing ill-health through organized societal efforts (correct)
  • Reducing healthcare costs and hospital admissions
  • Medical treatment and pharmaceutical innovations

    • Which of the following is NOT a topic covered in the M15 Public Health strand?

  • Antimicrobial stewardship
  • Screening
  • Genetic therapies (correct)
  • Tobacco

    • Which system is mentioned as a tool to encourage healthy behaviors in the UK?

  • Integrated care systems (ICS) (correct)
  • Local business sponsorships
  • Private insurance schemes
  • Private healthcare providers

    • What is the primary aim of the Healthy Living Pharmacy initiative?

    <p>To support public health activities from a community pharmacy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is NOT a domain of Public Health as defined in the content?

    <p>Mental Health Services</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of services fall under the Community Pharmacy Contract?

    <p>Private Services</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT considered an essential service in the Public Health in Pharmacy Contract?

    <p>Influenza vaccination</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Pharmacovigilance is primarily concerned with what aspect of medicine?

    <p>Detection and prevention of adverse effects</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the essential services in the Public Health aspect of the Community Pharmacy Contract?

    <p>Opportunistic one-to-one advice on healthy lifestyle topics</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which service is classified as an enhanced service commissioned by local authorities?

    <p>Smoking cessation services</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which entity may request participation from pharmacies in public health campaigns?

    <p>NHS England</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT listed as a funding arrangement for Public Health in the UK?

    <p>Social Responsibility Funds</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement about Clinical Governance is true?

    <p>It creates an environment where clinical excellence can flourish.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When was the Covid-19 vaccination service commissioned nationally?

    <p>December 2021</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one major goal of the health service delivery domain in Public Health?

    <p>Ensuring the quality and accessibility of health services</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role do community pharmacies play in the public health framework?

    <p>Offering opportunistic health advice to patients</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key feature of the Quality Payments Scheme in relation to Healthy Living Pharmacies?

    <p>It provides financial incentives for delivering public health activities.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was one of the outcomes observed from the Healthy Living Pharmacies initiative?

    <p>Generally increased public health interventions delivered</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is an advanced service commissioned by NHS England?

    <p>Hypertension case-finding</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which organization is primarily responsible for the commissioning of enhanced services at the local level?

    <p>Local Authorities</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes the purpose of Clinical Governance within NHS organizations?

    <p>To ensure continuous improvement of service quality and patient care standards.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was a significant outcome of the Healthy Living Pharmacy initiative since its inception?

    <p>It demonstrated a general increase in public health interventions delivered through community pharmacies.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following services is classified as an advanced service that pharmacies can voluntarily provide?

    <p>Influenza vaccination.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes the role of Local Authorities in public health commissioning?

    <p>They enhance locally contracted services like sexual health and harm reduction.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does Pharmacovigilance primarily focus on?

    <p>The prevention and assessment of adverse effects related to medicines.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following services was commissioned nationally in December 2021?

    <p>Covid-19 vaccination service.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which organization is primarily responsible for the oversight and commissioning of advanced pharmacy services?

    <p>NHS England.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was one of the foundational aims of establishing the Healthy Living Pharmacies initiative?

    <p>To promote public health activities through a community pharmacy environment.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What main component does the Quality Payments Scheme incentivize related to Healthy Living Pharmacies?

    <p>Supporting public health interventions delivered by pharmacies.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a primary focus of the Public Health strand in the M15 course?

    <p>Addressing cardiovascular health</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a determinant of health discussed in the M15 Public Health course?

    <p>Socioeconomic status</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What aspect of public health does the Community Pharmacy Contract primarily address?

    <p>Opportunistic advice on healthy lifestyles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following services is NOT typically associated with the Community Pharmacy Contract?

    <p>Private consultations for chronic illnesses</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which entity is involved in commissioning enhanced public health services?

    <p>Local authorities</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an objective of the health protection domain in public health?

    <p>Responding to infectious disease outbreaks</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic of integrated care systems (ICS) in relation to public health?

    <p>Coordinating services across different sectors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which campaign type may community pharmacies participate in as part of their public health responsibilities?

    <p>National public health campaigns</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role do charities play in public health funding arrangements?

    <p>Supporting local health initiatives</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one potential benefit of harm reduction strategies in public health?

    <p>Minimizing adverse health effects</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    MPHM15: Public Health and Pharmacy in the UK

    • The course covers public health aspects through pharmacy in the UK.
    • It runs over both semesters.
    • Topics covered include: Introduction to Public Health and Pharmacy in the UK, Determinants of health, Tobacco, Cardiovascular Health, Screening, Harm reduction, Communicable diseases, Antimicrobial stewardship, Sexual Health, Health protection, and Public health consultation skills.

    What is "Public Health"?

    • Public health is "the science and art of promoting and protecting health and well-being, preventing ill-health and prolonging life through the organised efforts of society".

    Public Health Issues in the UK

    • The UK faces public health issues including poor lifestyle choices that can lead to long-term conditions.
    • Public health is addressed by various agencies and professions.

    Funding Arrangements for Public Health

    • Funding for public health is derived from patients/public (general taxation).
    • Parliament and the Department of Health play a role in funding.
    • Public health departments are often situated within local authorities.
    • NHS England and Integrated Care Systems (ICS) are involved in the provision of services.
    • GPs and other primary care contractors, community health services, and secondary care (hospitals) also provide services.

    Community Health Services

    • Local authorities, charities, GP practices, community pharmacies, sexual health clinics, secondary care trusts (hospitals), social enterprises, and private healthcare providers are involved.

    Domains of Public Health

    • The three domains are: Health Protection, Health Improvement, and Health Service Delivery and Quality.

    Community Pharmacy Contract

    • The contract includes essential, advanced, and enhanced services.
    • Essential services include opportunistic advice to patients on healthy lifestyles, involvement in public health campaigns (e.g., Stoptober, Be Clear on Cancer), and providing leaflets and prompts.
    • Advanced services are commissioned by NHS England (on behalf of Public Health England), and examples include influenza vaccination and hypertension case-finding.
    • Enhanced services are commissioned by Local Authorities and may include sexual health services, harm reduction services, cardiovascular screening, smoking cessation programmes, and weight management.

    Public Health in Pharmacy Contract: Essential Services

    • Disposal of unwanted medicines is part of this service.
    • Pharmacovigilance is the process for monitoring and assessing the safety of medications.
    • Clinical Governance is the system for continuously improving services and safeguarding high standards of care.
    • Key elements of Clinical Governance include patient and public involvement, clinical audits, risk management, clinical effectiveness, information governance, education, and training, and staff management.

    PH Commissioned from Pharmacy: Advanced Services

    • Advanced services are commissioned by NHS England (on behalf of Public Health England).
    • Currently, 9 pharmacies can provide additional services such as influenza vaccinations and hypertension case-finding.

    PH Commissioned from Pharmacy: Enhanced Services

    • Enhanced services are commissioned by local authorities.
    • These services include sexual health services, harm reduction, cardiovascular screening, smoking cessation, and weight management programs.

    PH Commissioned from Pharmacy: Enhanced Nationally Commissioned Service

    • A Covid-19 vaccination service was commissioned nationally in December 2021.
    • Over 1,500 community pharmacy sites were involved.

    Healthy Living Pharmacies

    • This program started in Portsmouth in 2010 and has expanded.
    • The aim is to highlight and support public health activities via community pharmacy environments.
    • This program utilises a diverse range of staff and services to support healthy living.
    • It's acknowledged in government publications; however, results have been mixed, potentially increasing public health interventions in community pharmacies.
    • The program is now national, incentivising through the Quality Payments Scheme.
    • It became an essential service in 2020/21.

    Summary

    • The UK deals with various public health issues, including lifestyle-related long-term conditions.
    • Multiple agencies and professions tackle these issues.
    • Public health's role in community pharmacy practice is growing.
    • Pharmacies have opportunities to significantly contribute to public health.

    Further Reading

    • Further information regarding community pharmacy contracts can be found on the Community Pharmacy England website.
    • Website link provided for reference.

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    Description

    This quiz explores key concepts in public health as it relates to pharmacy in the UK. Topics include health determinants, communicable diseases, and health protection strategies. It is designed for those studying the integration of public health practices within the pharmacy sector.

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