Injections Precautions PDF
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Summary
This document details precautions for different injection methods (subcutaneous, intramuscular, and intravenous). It covers drug properties, absorption enhancement and slowing techniques, and potential risks, including allergic reactions, inflammation, and disease transmission.
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## Precautions for injection ### Subcutaneous Injection (S.C.) - Drugs should be: - Non-irritant - Aqueous Solution or fine suspension - If irritant or oily causes Inflammation - Absorption **can be Enhanced** by: - Use a solution - Massage of injection area - Application...
## Precautions for injection ### Subcutaneous Injection (S.C.) - Drugs should be: - Non-irritant - Aqueous Solution or fine suspension - If irritant or oily causes Inflammation - Absorption **can be Enhanced** by: - Use a solution - Massage of injection area - Application of heat - Add hyaluronidase enzyme - Absorption **can be Slowed** by: - Use a suspension - Application of cold - Add adrenaline (V.C.) to local anesthetics - Add gelatin to heparin ### Intramuscular (I.M.) - Drugs can be: Solution, suspension, oily, non-irritant or mild irritant. - Better absorption than S.C. - Some drugs (Diazepam & Phenytoin) Bound to muscle proteins causing Irregular absorption. ### Intravenous (I.V.) - Either SLOW bolus injection or Infusion (Drip) method. - Water solution Only ### Most Dangerous Route - If Allergy - Anaphylactic shock - If Very Irritant - Thrombophlebitis - If Extravasation of irritant drug - Severe pain and inflammation - If Rapid I.V. - Velocity reaction - Cardiac problems (Aminophylline) - Pyrogenic reaction by phospholipoprotein of microorganisms - Transmission of diseases e.g. Viral Hepatitis C & AIDS.
