NURS 1112 Injection Safety 2024 PDF

INJECTION SAFETY NURS 1112 K LOOTAWAN 7/10/24 OBJECTIVES Define term ‘ injection safety” Explain WHO/ SIGN strategies for safe injection Explore the CDC & SIPC one and only campaign for injection safety Identify the nine rights of injection safety...

INJECTION SAFETY NURS 1112 K LOOTAWAN 7/10/24 OBJECTIVES Define term ‘ injection safety” Explain WHO/ SIGN strategies for safe injection Explore the CDC & SIPC one and only campaign for injection safety Identify the nine rights of injection safety Who is? WHO- World Health Organization SIGN- Safe Injection Global Network CDC- Center for Disease Control SIPC – Safe Injection Practices Coalition SAFE INJECTION A safe injection does not harm the recipient, does not expose the provider to any avoidable risks and does not result in waste that is dangerous for the community (WHO/SIGN 2010) SAFE INJECTION Proper injection techniques and procedures contribute to the safety of both patients and health workers. EFFECTS OF UNSAFE INJECTIONS (WHO2010) can result in transmission of a wide variety of pathogens (especially blood-borne). cause non-infectious adverse events such as abscesses and toxic reactions. Reuse of syringes or needles is common in many settings exposing patients either directly (via contaminated equipment) or indirectly (via contaminated medication vials). TRANSMISSION OF INFECTIONS Transmission of blood borne infections depends on the pathogen and on the volume and type of blood exposure. Hepatitis B, Hepatitis C and HIV may be transmitted in the absence of visible blood contamination. NEEDLES & SYRINGES STRATEGIES Have a national policy Utilize best infection control practices Initiate a behavior change Use new single use injection devices for each injection Proper management of sharps waste. PREVENTION STRATEGIES Eliminating unnecessary injections is the best way to prevent injection-associated infections. Up to 70% of injections in some countries are medically unnecessary. When effective treatment can be given by other routes (oral or rectal) this reduces exposure to blood and infectious agents. PREVENTION STRATEGIES Methods for reducing exposure and transmission include hand hygiene, use of PPE, minimal manipulation of sharp instruments and disposal of sharps wastes. Sharps are items that have corners, edges or projections capable of cutting or piercing the skin e.g. needles, broken vials etc. PREVENTION STRATEGIES Injections are unsafe when given with unsterile or improper equipment or technique. Avoid contamination of injectable medications by physically separating clean and contaminated equipment. For eg. disposing used syringes and needles in a sharps container within arm’s reach. HEY LET’S MEET JOE https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6D0stMoz80k SHARPS DISPOSAL NINE RIGHTS OF INJECTION SAFETY PATIENT TIME DRUG ROUTE FORMULATION STORAGE EQUIPMENT METHOD OF DOSAGE DISPOSAL ROUTE HAVE A LOOK https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hH_4IW4xPeU Https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mscJA9WFMCM https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uiboFZZVcLI Best Practice Procedure that is deemed most correct or most effective from a professional standpoint Associated Activities Proper hand hygiene; Use of gloves where appropriate; Use of other single-use personal protective equipment Appropriate skin preparation and disinfection. Hand Hygiene Perform hand hygiene BEFORE: Perform hand hygiene starting an injection session AFTER: (i.e. preparing injection an injection session; material and giving any direct contact with injections); patients; coming into direct contact removing gloves with patients for health-care related procedures; putting on gloves (first make sure hands are dry). Gloves Health workers should wear non-sterile, well- fitting latex or latex-free gloves when coming into contact with blood or blood products SINGLE USE PPE Masks, eye protection and other protective clothing ARE NOT indicated for the injection procedures covered by this document unless exposure to blood splashes is expected. Dispose of PPE immediately after use Skin Preparation Apply a 60–70% alcohol-based solution (isopropyl alcohol or ethanol) on a single-use swab or cotton- wool ball. DO NOT use methanol or methyl-alcohol as these are not safe for human use. Wipe the area from the center of the injection site working outwards, without going over the same area. Apply the solution for 30 seconds then allow it to dry completely Adverse Events Definition- An event that results in unintended harm to the patient by an act of commission or omission rather than by the underlying disease or condition of the patient Types Management PREVENTION MEASURES To avoid sharps injuries: ensure that the patient is adequately prepared for the procedure; do not bend, break, manipulate or manually remove needles before disposal; avoid recapping needles, but if a needle must be recapped, use a single-handed scoop technique; PREVENTION MEASURES discard used sharps and glass ampoules immediately after use in the location where they were used, disposing of them into a robust sharps container that is leak and puncture resistant; place the sharps container within arm’s reach (preferably in a secured area) to allow for easy disposal of sharps; seal and replace sharps container when the container is three quarters full. Roles & Responsibilities Prescriber Administrator Receiver Community SPECIALLY ENGINEERED INJECTION DEVICES Needle stick & Sharps Injuries https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9eDuHNY9iEQ References http://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/10665/44298/1/9789241599252_eng. pdf