Immediate Constituent Analysis PDF

IMMEDIATE CONSTITUENT ANALYSIS REPORTERS: KAREN CALLEJA SYRIL MANRIQUE POINTS OF DISCUSSION Definition of Immediate Constituent Analysis Importance in the study of Syntax Definition of terms Steps in Immediate Constituent Analysis...

IMMEDIATE CONSTITUENT ANALYSIS REPORTERS: KAREN CALLEJA SYRIL MANRIQUE POINTS OF DISCUSSION Definition of Immediate Constituent Analysis Importance in the study of Syntax Definition of terms Steps in Immediate Constituent Analysis Limitations  IMMEDIATE CONSTITUENT ANALYSIS a system of grammatical analysis that divides sentences into successive layers, or constituents, until, in the final layer, each constituent consists of only a word or meaningful part of a word.  IMMEDIATE CONSTITUENT ANALYSIS a system of grammatical analysis that divides sentences into successive layers, or constituents, until, in the final layer, each constituent consists of only a word or meaningful part of a word. First introduced by Leonard Bloomfield and developed further by Rulon Wells. Leonard Bloomfield Rulon Wells  IMPORTANCE IN THE STUDY OF SYNTAX UNDERSTANDING SYNTACTIC ANALYZING SENTENCE INFLUENCING RELATIONSHIPS AMBIGUITY LINGUISTIC THEORY It shows how different parts It allows us to understand how IC Analysis has shaped of a sentence relate to each different sentence structures various grammatical other, like the subject and the can lead to different meanings. frameworks, including verb. transformational and phrase structure grammars, contributing significantly to modern linguistic theory and research.  BINARY SEGMENTATION Cutting the sentence into two natural divisions, and each of these is again cut into two and this process is repeated until the smallest meaningful units, the morphemes are reached  NOUN PHRASE Acts like a noun in a sentence  NOUN PHRASE Acts like a noun in a sentence contains noun and other associated words which modifies noun  VERB PHRASE Group of main verb and helping verbs within a sentence  ADJECTIVE PHRASE one or more words work together to give more information about the adjective  ADVERBIAL PHRASE one or more words work together to give more information about the adverb  PREPOSITIONAL PHRASE one or more words work together to give more information about the preposition  CONSTRUCTION any given unit which is to be divided into two component units  CONSTITUENTS The individual parts of a sentence that can function as a single unit within a hierarchical structure  CONSTITUENTS The individual parts of a sentence that can function as a single unit within a hierarchical structure can be words or group of words that form phrases  IMMEDIATE CONSTITUENT This is the two component of the construction it is found in the second layer of the tree diagram  ULTIMATE CONSTITUENT are units at the last level which cannot be further divided without tampering the meaning Construction  Construction Immediate Constituent  Construction Immediate Constituent Ultimate Constituent  Step 1: Identifying Major Constituents Using Binary Segmentation STEPS IN IC Step 2: Breaking down into ultimate ANALYSIS constituents Step 3: Constructing Bracketing or Tree Diagrams STEP1: IDENTIFYING MAJOR CONSTITUENTS USING BINARY SEGMENTATION This step involves recursively dividing a sentence into two parts (binary segmentation) based on grammatical relationships. This usually involves separating the subject (Noun Phrase – NP) from the predicate (Verb Phrase – VP). STEP 2: BREAKING DOWN INTO ULTIMATE CONSTITUENTS This involves further dividing the constituents from step 1 until you reach the smallest meaningful units – typically individual words or morphemes (smallest units of meaning). Each division should be based on grammatical relationships (e.g., a determiner modifying a noun, an adjective modifying a noun, an adverb modifying a verb). STEP 3: CONSTRUCTING BRACKETING OR TREE DIAGRAMS Bracketing and tree diagrams are essential tools for visually representing the hierarchical structure of sentences as revealed in the previous steps (1 and 2). These representations illustrate how smaller grammatical units combine to form larger constituents and highlight the relationships between them.  Problems of Ambiguity LIMITATIONS OF Problem of Discontinuity Problem of Embedding IC ANALYSIS Problem of Conjoining Problem of Overlapping ICS  PROBLEMS OF AMBIGUITY LEXICAL AMBIGUITY When a word has multiple meanings (homonymy), IC analysis may fail to determine the correct meaning based on the sentence structure alone Example: I saw the bat fly. The cap was on the table.  PROBLEMS OF AMBIGUITY CONSTRUCTIONAL AMBIGUITY When the grammatical structure of a sentence allows for multiple interpretations, IC analysis may produce multiple possible parse trees, making it difficult to determine the intended meaning. Example: Hunting dogs Visiting relatives can be boring.  PROBLEMS OF AMBIGUITY DERIVATIONAL AMBIGUITY When the same constituents can be combined in different ways, leading to different meanings, IC analysis may not be able to accurately represent the intended derivation Example: The old man and woman sat on the bench. I saw the man with the telescope.  THE PROBLEM OF DISCONTINUITY arises when elements that logically belong together are separated within the sentence structure. This makes it difficult to divide the sentence into two continuous and meaningful immediate constituents Example: Is he coming?  THE PROBLEM OF EMBEDDING arises when a sentence contains another sentence within it. This creates a hierarchical structure that is difficult to represent using the traditional binary division method of IC analysis. Example: The boy, who won the prize, is my cousin.  THE PROBLEM OF CONJOINING arises when elements are joined together using conjunctions, such as "and," "or," "but," etc. These conjunctions create a structure where multiple elements are combined into a single unit, making it difficult for IC analysis to break down the sentence into meaningful constituents. Example: Do you like beer, brandy, whisky, or rum? She is a teacher, a writer, and a musician.  THE PROBLEM OF OVERLAPPING ICS analysis arises when a sentence contains multiple grammatical constructions that share elements, making it difficult to determine the precise boundaries of each constituent and their relationship to one another. This issue is particularly prominent in cases where coordinate constructions are involved Example: He has no love of, or kindness for dogs. THANK YOU Thesis Defense Presentation Template