IHC PRELIM REVIEWER PDF.pdf

Introduction to Health - Recognizing and Historical Overview of Care: Midwifery addressing deviations Midwifery from normal pregnancy. CI: Elderinña C. Ondona,...

Introduction to Health - Recognizing and Historical Overview of Care: Midwifery addressing deviations Midwifery from normal pregnancy. CI: Elderinña C. Ondona, According to the RN, MAN Obstetricians - in contrast, International one specialist in illness to Confederation of -------------------------------------- child-bearing and the Midwives (ICM), midwifery surgery. is a profession with a Midwifery: Definition and unique body of knowledge, Importance Sephalic - normal delivery skills, and ethics that were drawn from others health Midwifery - is a profession Obstetricians - are taught professions Historical dedicated to providing to actively manage labor, evidence of midwifery care to women during while, Midwife are taught dates back to the pregnancy, childbirth, and not to intervened unless **Biblical Era** (2200 the postpartum period. It necessary BC–1700 BC). also focuses on the health of newborns and assists Key Responsibilities of By the **Renaissance**, mothers with Midwives: midwifery began to fade breastfeeding. Midwives due to accusations of are trained to help women - Support women in normal witchcraft, and surgeons through labor, delivery, and labor and spontaneous took over childbirth roles. beyond, aiming for a safe delivery. and positive childbirth -------------------------------------- experience. - Provide care for newborns immediately CHED (commission on Need for midwifery as a after birth. higher education) - is profession: responsible in regulating - Assist with breastfeeding midwifery education. - To achieve safe and postpartum care. motherhood. BOM (Board of midwifery) - Recognize and refer - regulates practice of the - To contribute in cases requiring higher- profession by country's concern (i.e. level care to obstetricians. administering licensure maternal and child welfare.) exam to qualified students. ------------------- - To avoid service ----------------------------------------- duplication of services. 42 days postpartum period after birth Key Figures in the History --------------------------------------- of Midwifery: ------------------- Midwives: The Role and Midwifery is considered as Responsibilities Obstetrics and Obstetrical one of the oldest Nursing profession Midwives are trained professionals specializing Obstetrics - is the Brawl, Richter and Habib - in low-risk pregnancies, branch of medicine dealing reveals that practice of childbirth, and postpartum with pregnancy, childbirth, midwifery existed as early care. They provide primary and the recovery period as STONE AGES, Biblical care during pregnancy and after delivery. era(2200 BC - 1700 BC) help maintain women's until Modern era ( 12th - reproductive health. Obstetrical nurses/ 16th cent.) nusing(also known as In the United States, **perinatal nurses**) -a Florence Nightingale - is **Certified Nurse nursing specialty that taught to teach midwifery Midwives (CNM)** are works with patients who during her time. called advanced practice are attempting to become nurses : pregnant and are currently 1990's - midwifery is being pregnant or to have practiced through " - Guiding women through recently delivered. HILOT'S" pregnancy and delivery. - Providing primary care and guude to maintain. - Hippocrates (460 BC) rural assignments Core Components of Midwifery: – Father of scientific 3. To give services and medicine, organized and education with emphasis 1A. Education and training trained midwives. on maternal and child birth. - undergo specialized education and training - Aristotle– Father of 1922 - 1951 - midwifery develop the needed embryology, described has only 1 yr term became knowledge and skills to uterus and female pelvic 1 ¹/² yrs. care for women during organ. pregnancy, childbirth. 1974 - chairman of the - Soranus - first to BOM, Ricardo Gonzales, 1. Prenatal Care– specialized in obstetrics increased the duration of Monitoring the health of ang gynecology midwifery to 2 yrs both mother and fetus, offering advice on nutrition Leonardo da Vinci (1452 - CMO 33, s. 2007 - CHED and exercise, regular 1519) - made atonomical proposed midwifery check ups. drawing of pregnant uterus. program should become 4 yrs or a Bachelor degree. 2. Labor and Delivery Julius Caesar Aranzi - Support– Assisting wrote the first book for ------------------------------------- women in managing pain, Italian midwives. He providing emotional adviced Caesarian section LAWS support, and monitoring for contracted pelvis. labor progress. RA no. 310 - regulated - William Harvey (1578- both medicine and 3.Postnatal Care– 1657)– Father of British midwifery profession on Supporting breastfeeding, midwifery, wrote the first Dec. 4, 1901 monitoring the recovery of englis text book Midwifery. the mother, and RA no. 2382 - medical act addressing any -Described the fetal of 1959. Regulation of complications. circulation of placenta midwifery was separated from medicine. 4. Holistic approach - William Smellie - Father of focused on physical, midwifery (Scottish RA no. 2644 - June 18, emotional and social well obstetrician). Emphasized 1960. Formal education being of women and their the importance of normal started Dr. Fabella initiated family. birth process. the curriculum for direct entry midwives in the mid 5. Collaboration with other -"mechanism of labour" 1900's. healthcare professionals– Working alongside ----------------------- ----------------------------------------- obstetricians, pediatricians, and nurses to ensure Placent should be out 15 Midwifery as a Profession comprehensive care. mins after birth. Midwives undergo √ Health Promotion – ----------------------- specialized education and Educating women on training to provide reproductive health, family -Dr. Jose Fabella (1922) - comprehensive care planning, and overall well- secretary of DOH, during pregnancy, being. formalized midwifery childbirth, and postpartum. education in establishing Their education is √ Advocacy support - the first midwifery school regulated by the advocates for women in Sampaloc, Manila called **Commission on Higher rights and choices in Maternity and children's Education (CHED)**, while childbirth. They support hospital high school the practice of midwifery informed decision-making, is overseen by the **Board respect womens Objective; of Midwifery (BOM)** autonomy, positive birth under the **Professional experience. 1. to train young women in Regulation Commission midwifery replace (PRC)**. √ Continues professional unlicensed midwife's. development - engage in ongoing education and 2. To train doctors and professional development to stay updated with the Man, Gender, Health, and Man and His Environment latest evidence-based Culture** practices and Human beings advancement. Understanding the depend on the concept of **man** and environment for survival, √ Documentation and the unique health needs of including air, water, food, record keeping- maintain different genders and and natural resources. accurate and detailed cultures is crucial in From a biological records of all assessment, healthcare. Healthcare perspective, humans must treatments, and providers need to be interact with both living intervention provided to culturally competent, (biotic) and non-living women and newborn. promoting inclusivity, and (abiotic) components of improving patient-provider the environment. ---------------------------------------- relationships. Conservation and responsible use of Competencies for Basic Characteristics of resources are essential for Midwifery: Man maintaining ecological balance. knowledge Attributes – Specific qualities such as Human depend on: Skills appearance, personality traits, and abilities. Temperature Behavior - Physical Strength– Shelter The **International Endurance, flexibility, Confederation of speed. Natural resources Midwives (ICM)** outlines the minimum set of Assertiveness - forceful Renewable and non competencies for behavior renewable resources. midwifery practice. Competitiveness - strong Ecosystem services - arise 4 competency framework desire to be more from normal functioning successful and natural services. Air 1. General competency - water nutrients, regulate midwives accountability as Independence - state of climate. a health professionals, the being independent relationship of women and Key Needs of Man: other health care provider. - Problem-Solving – Logical thinking and - Breathe normally. 2. specific to pre- achieving goals. pregnancy and antenal - Eat and drink adequately. care - provide pre- Logical thinking - pregnancy care and analyzing a situation or - Eliminate body wastes. determine health status of problem. women. - sleep and rest 4 attributes of human 3. Specific to care during being - select suitable dress and labor and delivery - undress promote psychologic labor 1. The capacity to think or and birth. conceptualize on the - Maintain body abstract level. cleanliness and posture. 4. Specific to the ongoing care of newborn and 2. Family formation. - maintain body temp. in children - provide post normal range natal care for the healthy 3. The tendency to seek women and newborn and and maintain territory. -keep body clean and we'll supporters breastfeeding. groomed 4. The ability to use verbal symbol language, a means - Communicate and of developing and interact with others. maintaining culture. --- Maslow’s Hierarchy of right to equality Basic Human Needs right to education Maslow’s Hierarchy outlines the different right to social security levels of human needs: right to fair trial 1. Physiological Needs– breathing, food, water, sex, right to privacy sleep, homeostasis, excretion right to freedom of assembly and association 2. Safety and Security – security of body, right to work employment, resources, morality, family, health and property 3. Love and Belongingness– Family, friendships, sexual intimacy. 4. Self-Esteem– Confidence, achievement, respect of and by others. 5. Self-Actualization– morality, creativity, spontaneity, problem solving, lack of prejudice, acceptance of facts. ------------------------------------------ Human Rights and Healthcare Human rights are the fundamental entitlements of every individual. These include the right to life, liberty, security, education, and work. In healthcare, respecting human rights ensures that all patients receive care without discrimination, contributing to better health outcomes and greater patient satisfaction. Common basic rights of man Right to life Right to liberty and security right to freedom of thought, conscience and expression